LORENTZ STYLE: Matter, Sounds, Formulas, Example Problems
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The Lorentz force formula is included in the discussion of physics lessons. In simple terms this formula calculates the value of the force arising from an electric current in a cross-sectional area. Have you ever felt an electric shock when you touched an object?
It could be that there is an electric current that also involves the Lorentz force in it. Therefore you can find various types of application of this style on objects around you that are used every day. Curious about this style? We have the discussion.
List of contents
Inventor of Lorentz Style
The Lorentz force was first discovered by a Dutch physicist named Hendrik Antoon Lorentz. For this discovery he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Science, especially in Physics in 1902.
Lorentz studied science at the University of Leiden in the Netherlands. Because of his discovery related to the force caused by electric charges, finally many people now get various types of convenience in their daily lives.
Read: Magnetic field
What is Lorentz Force?
Lorentz force is a force that arises due to the movement of electric charges triggered by different electric currents in the same magnetic field. More specifically, electric particles in a homogeneous field will produce a force.
Read: Static electricity
Lorentz Force Direction
The force that arises due to the movement of electric particles in a homogeneous plane has the same pattern and direction, which is perpendicular. The direction of the Lorentz force will always be the same when viewed from the direction of the strong electric current (I).
Keep in mind that a positive charge moves in the direction of the electric current. On the other hand, the negative charge will move in the opposite direction of the electric current. Don't get the wrong direction based on the type of load, okay?
Right Hand Rule
The Lorentz force formula has long been synonymous with the right hand rule. This rule is closely related to determining the direction of the force that has the potential to arise. To use it you can position your hand like the following gun shape:
Departing from the statement that the Lorentz force affects the motion of a particle that deviates in the same direction, the right hand rule has long been widely used. The direction of the force charge indicated by the Lorentz force can be determined by this rule.
First, the direction of the Lorentz force will be represented by the thumb pointing the direction of the force (F), then followed by The index finger points to the direction of the magnetic field (B), while the middle finger points to the direction of the magnetic field electricity (I).
Read: Dynamic electricity
Lorentz Force Formula
After getting acquainted with understanding, direction to the right hand rule, it's time for you to get to know the Lorentz formula. This formula is quite short with various descriptions. Here's a formula that you can use.
F = q(v. B)
Formula description:
F = force (N)
B = magnetic field (tesla)
Q = electric charge (c)
V = direction of charge velocity (m/s)
There is also another formula that can be used to find the amount of electric current generated by the Lorentz force. This formula can also be used to find the value of the force that was generated by electricity (I) on a magnetic cross section (B). The formula is:
F = IL.B
F = force (N)
I = electric current (a)
B = magnetic field (tesla)
L = cross-sectional length electrified (m)
Examples of Using Lorentz Style in Daily Life
Unwittingly Lorentz style is actually widely used in everyday life. This style is mostly embedded in the engine. Through this style it is not uncommon for the engine to run and operate properly. An example of using the Lorentz force formula is:
- Washing machine
- Blender
- Speaker
- electric drill
- Galvanommeter
- Electric motor engine
There are many other examples of the use of the Lorentz style to be found in everyday items. Even thanks to this style you can enjoy various inventions that make daily activities easier. Can you find examples of applying the Lorentz force to other tools?
Read: Coulomb's Law
Lorentz Force Example Problem
Turning to examples of Lorentz style problems, sample questions with this material can be made with quite a variety of core problems. Therefore, you must get used to solving various types of problems using the basic Lorentz force formula. Here's an example of the question.
Example Question 1
A cross-sectional wire has a length of 2 m with an electric current of 40 A. If the cross section of the wire is placed in a magnetic field of 0.02 T at an angle of 30 degrees, what is the value of the magnetic force on the wire?
Bro:
L = 2 m
I = 40 A
B = 0.02 T
θ = 40
Dit: F?
Answer:
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F = B.I.L.sin30
F = 0.02.40.2.sin30
F = 19.2 N
So, the magnitude of the Lorentz force on the cross section of the wire is 19.2 Newtons.
Example Question 2
Andi found the wire is straight and has an electric current of 8 A, while the wire is in a magnetic field of 2 T. The direction was found to be perpendicular to the current. If the Lorentz force on the wire is 8 N, what is the length of the wire Andi found?
Bro:
I = 8 A
B = 2 T
F = 8 N
= 90 (because the magnetic field is perpendicular to the current)
Dit: L?
Answer:
F = B.I.L.sin90
L = F/(B.I.sin90)
L = 8/(2.8.1)
L = m
So, the length of the wire with Lorentz force of 8 N found by Andi is meter.
Example Question 3
Electron particles were found moving at a speed of 12,000 m/s. The particle enters a magnetic field area of 4000 T. If the magnetic field and the velocity of the particle current form an angle of 30 degrees, what is the value of the Lorentz force experienced by the electron particle?
Bro:
q = -1.6×10-19 C (electron charge)
v = 12,000 m/s
B = 4000 T
= 30 degrees
Dit: F?
Answer:
F = q.v. B.sin30
F = 1.6×10-19.12000.4000.1/2
F = 3.84 x 10-13 N
So, the value of the Lorentz force that has been experienced by the electron particle is 3.84 x 10-13 Newtons.
Example Question 4
Electron particles were found moving at a speed of 10,000 m/s. The particle enters a magnetic field area of 5000 T. If the magnetic field and the velocity of the particle current form an angle of 30 degrees, what is the value of the Lorentz force experienced by the electron particle?
Bro:
q = -1.6×10-19 C (electron charge)
v = 10,000 m/s
B = 5000 T
= 30 degrees
Dit: F?
Answer:
F = q.v. B.sin30
F = 1.6×10-19.10000.5000.1/2
F = 3.6 x 10-13 N
So, the value of the Lorentz force that has been experienced by the electron particle is 3.6 x 10-13 Newtons.
Example Question 5
Andi found a straight wire and has an electric current of 2 A, while the wire is in a magnetic field of 2 T. The direction was found to be perpendicular to the current. If the Lorentz force on the wire is 4 N, what is the length of the wire Andi found?
Bro:
I = 2 A
B = 2 T
F = 4 N
= 90 (because the magnetic field is perpendicular to the current)
Dit: L?
Answer:
F = B.I.L.sin90
L = F/(B.I.sin90)
L = 4/(2.2.1)
L = 1.0 m
So, the length of the wire with Lorentz force of 4 N that Andi found is 1.0 meter
The Lorentz force formula is in fact widely used to be able to turn on various types of electronic devices. Even though the formula is short, you can find various problem cases by mixing trigonometric calculations.
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