Definition of Guidance and Counseling, Its Purpose, Functions and Principles

Definition of Guidance and Counseling, Its Purpose, Functions and Principles – In this discussion we will explain about Guidance and Counseling. Which includes the understanding, objectives, functions, principles of guidance and counseling with a complete and easy-to-understand discussion. For more details, please see the review About Knowledge below carefully.

Definition of Guidance and Counseling, Its Purpose, Functions and Principles

Let's discuss the meaning first carefully.

Definition of Guidance and Counseling

In language (etymology) guidance and counseling comes from English "Guidance and counseling". Guidance means to lead, show or guide to a good path. While "Counseling" means to advise, or recommend to someone face to face.

Guidance and Counseling is a process of interaction between counselor and counselee either directly or indirectly in the framework of to help the counselee so that he can develop his potential and solve it systematically, objectively, logically and sustainably and also programmed which is run by the counselor to provide facilities for the development of the counselee to achieve independence in learning his life.

Another definition of guidance and counseling is an effort to provide assistance services to children so that they are able to be independent and develop optimally. The purpose of guidance and counseling is so that children can choose, prepare themselves, take responsibility, and get valuable things from the decisions they make.

Definition of Guidance and Counseling According to Experts

The following is the definition of guidance and counseling according to experts.

1. Hikmawati (2011:1)

Guidance and Counseling according to Hikmawati is an assistance service for students, both individually and in groups, to be able to be independent and develop optimally, in the fields of personal life development, social life, learning ability, and career planning, through various types of support services and activities based on established norms apply.

2. Tohirin (2013:25)

Guidance and Counseling according to Tohirin is a process of assistance provided by a counselor (counselor to an individual (counselee) through face-to-face meetings or there is a reciprocal relationship between the two, so that the counselee has the ability or skill to see and find the problem and has the ability to solve the problem alone.

3. Decree of the Minister of Education and Culture No. 025/1995

Guidance and Counseling according to the Decree of the Minister of Education and Culture concerning Instructions for Implementing Teacher Functional Positions and their Credit Scores are assistance services for students, both individually and in groups, to be independent and develop optimally, under guidance personal guidance, social guidance, study guidance and career guidance, through various types of support services and activities based on norms applicable.

4. Azett (2013: 11)

Guidance and Counseling according to Azzet is an effort to provide assistance to students so that they can understand themselves so that they are able to direct themselves and act well in accordance with developments his soul. This effort is carried out systematically and continuously.

5. Prayetno, et al (2004: 2)

According to Prayetno et al., Guidance and Counseling is a service for students, both individually and in groups, to be independent. and develop optimally, in personal guidance, social guidance, study guidance and career guidance based on established norms apply.

6. Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture concerning Guidance and Counseling in Basic Education and Secondary Education no. 111 year 2014

Guidance and Counseling according to the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture is a systematic, objective, logical, and sustainable and programmed effort that carried out by counselors or Guidance and Counseling teachers to facilitate the development of students / counselees to achieve independence in learning his life.

Purpose of Guidance and Counseling

Prayetno, et al (2009:114) states the purpose of guidance and counseling is to assist individuals in developing themselves optimally in accordance with the stage of development and predisposition they have. (such as basic abilities and talents), various existing backgrounds (such as family background, education, socioeconomic status) and in accordance with positive demands environment.

Then according to Research and Development (2006: 16), specifically guidance and counseling services have the following objectives:

• Planning activities for completing studies, career development and also the lives of students in the future.
• To develop all the potential and strengths possessed by students as optimally as possible.
• Make adjustments to the educational environment and the community environment.
• Knowing the obstacles and difficulties faced by students in learning, adjustment to the educational environment and society.

Guidance and Counseling Functions

Hallen (2003: 60) states that guidance and counseling has the function of providing services to students so that Every student can develop themselves optimally to become a complete and healthy person independent. The following are the functions of guidance and counseling, among others:

Comprehension Function
The function of understanding means that guidance and counseling will produce an understanding of something by certain parties with the interests of developing students.

Prevention Function
This prevention function means that guidance and counseling will result in the prevention or avoidance of students from problems that may arise that can interfere, hinder or cause difficulties, certain losses in the process progress

Alleviation Function
This means that guidance and counseling services will result in the lifting or overcoming of various problems experienced by students. Guidance and counseling services seek to solve problems faced by students, both in nature, type or form.

Maintenance and Development Function
The function of maintenance and development has meaning, guidance and counseling will result in the maintenance and the development of several potentials and positive conditions of students in the context of their development in a directed, steady and sustainable.

Advocacy Function
The function of advocacy means that guidance and counseling will result in being advocated or defended to students in the context of developing all potentials optimally.

Guidance and Counseling Principles

Prayetno (2009: 115) states that there are several principles of guidance and counseling, including the following:

Principle of Confidentiality
This principle demands the confidentiality of data and information about students (clients) who are the target of the service. In this case the supervisor has a full obligation to maintain and maintain all data and information so that their confidentiality is truly guaranteed.

Volunteer Principle
If the principle of confidentiality has really been embedded in the student or client, it can be expected that they will have a problem will voluntarily take the problem to the supervisor to ask for it help.

Principle of Openness
Efficient guidance and counseling only takes place in conditions of openness. Both the client and the counselor, must have an open nature. This openness doesn't just mean being willing to accept suggestions from outside, but in this case more important and everyone concerned is willing to open up for the sake of solving problems that arise meant.

Contemporary Principles
Personal problems that are overcome are problems that are currently being felt, not problems that have been in the past, and not problems that will be experienced in the future. The present principle also contains the understanding that the counselor should not delay the provision of assistance. He must put the interests of the client above all else.

Independence Principle
In providing mentoring services, one should always turn on the independence of the person who be guided lest the person being guided becomes dependent on others, especially on mentor/counselor.

Activity Principle
Guidance and counseling service efforts will produce meaningless fruit, if the individual being mentored does not carry out activities in achieving the goals of the mentor. The results of the guidance effort are not created by itself but must be achieved by the individual concerned.

Dynamic Principle
Guidance and counseling service businesses require a change in the individual being guided, namely a change in behavior for the better. Change is not just repeating old things that are monotonous, but changes that always lead to an update, something more advanced.

Principle of Cohesiveness
Guidance and counseling services are a combination of several aspects of individuals being guided, as is known The individual being guided has several aspects, if the conditions are not harmonious and integrated, it will lead to problem.

Normative Principle
Guidance and counseling efforts must not conflict with applicable norms, even though a review is carried out from religious norms, customary norms, legal/state norms, scientific norms, and daily habits. This principle of honor is applied to the content or process of providing guidance and counseling.

Principle of Expertise
Guidance and counseling service efforts regularly, systematically and by using adequate techniques and tools. For this reason, counselors must receive sufficient training so that the success of the service delivery business can be achieved.

The Principle of Transfer of Hands
This principle gives a signal that if a guidance and counseling officer has given all his ability to help clients, cannot be helped as expected, this officer transfers the client's hand to another officer or agency that is more effective expert.

Tutwuri Handayani Principle
This principle describes the general atmosphere that should be formed in the context of the overall relationship between the mentor and the guide.

Thus it has been explained about Definition of Guidance and Counseling, Its Purpose, Functions and Principles, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.