Understanding Information Systems: Purpose, Functions, Components, Characteristics
Information systems from time to time have a great impact on human life in everyday life. However, do you already know the meaning of information systems?
In fact, there are still many people who do not understand the information system itself. This is still said to be reasonable because the term information system is not too common, especially for ordinary people.
Table of contents
Understanding Information Systems
An information system is a system that provides information for management in making decisions and also for carrying out company operations.
The system is a combination of people, information technology, and organized procedures.
Understanding Information Systems According to Experts
Experts have different opinions in responding to the notion of information systems. Here are some definitions according to experts:
1. Mc Leod
According to Mc Leod, an information system is a system that has the ability to collect information from all sources and use various media to display information.
2. Erwan Arbie
Erwan Arbie argues that the notion of an information system is a system within an organization that brings together the needs of daily transaction processing, assistance, and operational support.
This system is managerial in nature of an organization and helps to facilitate the provision of required reports.
3. O'Brien
O'Brien states that the notion of an information system is a combination of each unit managed by people, hardware (hardware), software (hardware), software), computer networks, and data communication networks (communications), and databases (databases) that collect, transform, and disseminate information about the form organization.
4. John F Nash
According to John F Nash, the notion of an information system is a combination of human, technological facilities or tools, media, procedures, and controls aimed at managing important communication network, process specific and routine transactions, assist internal and external management and users, and provide the basis for informed decision making. right.
5. Alter
while Alter has its own opinion, the understanding of information systems is as a special type of work system where: humans and/or machines do work by using resources to produce certain products and or services for customer.
Information System Purpose
The purpose of an information system is to generate information. An information system is data that is processed into a form that is useful for its users. Processed data alone is not enough if it is said to be an information. To be useful, there must be three pillars as follows:
- Relevance: Right to the person.
- Timeliness: On time
- Accurate: Accurate or exact value
If these three things are not met, then the information cannot be said to be useful, but garbage (garbage).
Information System Functions
The following are some of the functions of the information system:
- Improve data accessibility effectively and efficiently to users, without the intermediary of information systems
- Ensure the availability of quality and skills in critical use of information systems
- Improve productivity of application development and system maintenance
- Determine the investment to be directed to the information system
- Anticipating and understanding the economic consequences
- Identifying the need for information systems support skills
- Develop an effective planning process
Information System Components
The information system has several components as below:
- Input components: Data entered into the information system.
- Model components: A combination of procedures, logic, and mathematical models that process the data stored in the database in a predetermined way to produce the desired output.
- Output components: Results of quality information and useful documentation for all levels of management as well as all system users.
- Technology components: Tools in information systems, technology is used to receive input, run models, store and access data, generate and transmit output, and monitor system controls.
- Database components: A collection of interconnected data stored on a computer using database software.
- Control components: Components that control interference with information systems.
Information System Characteristics
The following are the characteristics of an information system:
- New: The information obtained is new, and fresh for the recipients of the information
- Additional: Information can be updated or add to the information that was previously present
- Collective: Information that can be a correction of previous incorrect information
- Affirmer: Information that can reinforce previously existing information
Example of Information System
Here's an information system and an example:
1. Knowledge Work System
True to its name, Knowledge Work System This is a type of information system that contains the latest information about science.
The knowledge that is loaded can then be accessed by all users and used to solve various kinds of problems.
2. Office Automation System
Office Automation System is a system whose job is to combine several IT equipment in a network and is centered on a particular server.
The incorporation of IT equipment from members or workers aims to simplify and provide efficiency in terms of communication.
3. Transaction Processing System
This type of information system is usually used in organizations or agencies that carry out certain activities or operations on a regular basis.
Examples of routine operations in question are such as conducting financial transactions, periodic re-registration, and so on.
This article was created with the aim of increasing your knowledge of information systems. Hopefully it can be useful.