South Sulawesi Traditional House

South Sulawesi Province has several other traditional houses besides the Tongkonan traditional house which is already very well known.

Among them are the traditional house of the Makassar tribe, the traditional house of the Luwuk tribe, the traditional house of the Bugis, and the traditional house of the Mandar tribe.

Where each traditional house symbolizes the identity and life values ​​of each tribe.

However, each of these traditional houses has one thing in common, namely that it is considered a sacred place with a high philosophy.

List of South Sulawesi Traditional Houses by Tribe

The following is a complete review of the uniqueness, characteristics, values ​​of life, and forms of 5 Indonesian traditional house

1. Makassar Traditional House

The traditional house of the Makassar tribe is called the Balla traditional house.

Balla's house has a stage design with a height of about 3 meters from the ground.

The stilt house is supported by using wood where each side is supported by 5 poles.

Meanwhile, in the design of the roof, the roof of this traditional Balla house is in the form of a saddle with a sharp angle facing downwards.

The roof of the house is usually made using bamboo, fibers, thatch, reeds, or nipah.

The uniqueness of this traditional house of the Makassar tribe is at the top of the roof bordering the triangular-shaped house wall called timbaksela.

Timbaksela, which is located on the top of the roof, has its own meaning for the people of Makassar, which signifies the degree of their wealth or nobility.

Timbaksela with three layers and above means that the house belongs to the nobility, while Timbaksela with five layers and above means that it belongs to the nobility who also holds government positions.

Besides Timbaksela, there is also a section called an ulcer, which is the staircase used in the house.

For nobles, there are usually an even number of ulcers starting from four steps which are also equipped with a handrail (coccorang).

As for ordinary people, there are usually odd numbers of ulcers and are not equipped with handles (coccorang).

There are also several other parts of Balla's house, namely:

• Dego-dego
  Dego-dego is a small room like a terrace outside the house.
• Kala Balla
  Kala Balla is part of the body of the house which consists of several rooms located in the whole house.
• Paddaerang Dallekang
  Paddaserang Dallekang means the living room which is located on the inside after the entrance.
• Paddaerang Tangnga
  Paddaserang Tangnga is a private family room or living room, where only family members are allowed to be in the room.
• Paddaerang Riboko
  Paddaserang Riboko is a back room where there is usually a room reserved for girls who are still girls in the family.
• Balla Pallu
  Balla Pallu is part of the kitchen which is located at the back of the house and its position is lower than the other rooms.
• Pammakg
  Pammakg is a room that is usually used as a warehouse or attic, which is located at the bottom of the roof.
• Siring
   Siring is a warehouse room located at the bottom of the house.

2. Bugis Traditional House

The traditional house of the Bugis tribe itself has very high Islamic and cultural values.

This is because Islam has grown rapidly in Bugis society.

So when building a traditional house, the Bugis build the house by facing it towards the Qibla.

The uniqueness of the Bugis traditional house is that it is made without using a single nail, and is replaced by using wood or iron.

In addition, another uniqueness of the Bugis traditional house is that it is made based on their social status.

There are two types of Bugis traditional houses, namely the Saoraja traditional house used by the nobility, and the Bola traditional house used by ordinary people.

The two types of Bugis traditional houses consist of 3 parts, namely:

• Rakkaeng
  This rakkaeng section functions as a place for storing valuables and items that are considered sacred.
• Kalle Bala or Bola
  Kalle Bala is a special room in the house that is used for all purposes, such as the family room, living room, bedroom, to the kitchen.
• Passing or Awasao
  This section is used as a cage for livestock, such as chickens, cows, buffalo, and goats. In addition, this section also serves to store agricultural products and tools.

3. Luwuk Traditional House

The traditional house of the Luwuk Tribe of South Sulawesi was once the house of the King of Luwu.

The uniqueness of this traditional house is that it was built using 88 wooden poles.

This traditional house is rectangular where the windows and doors are the same size.

In addition, this traditional house of the Luwuk Tribe has three to 5 ridges to be used as a marker for the owner of the house.

The traditional house of the Luwuk Tribe is divided into 3 parts, namely:

• First part
  In this first part there is a room that is quite spacious, which in ancient times was usually used as a place for meetings and discussing royal issues with the people.
  But for now, the first part, also known as tudang sipulung, is used to receive guests.
• The second part
  In the second part, which is located after the first part, there are two rooms that are used as the king's room and the datuk's room.
• Part Three
  In this last section there are also two smaller rooms.

In addition, what distinguishes the traditional house of the Luwuk tribe from other traditional houses in South Sulawesi is located in the ornaments and carvings.

The ornaments in this traditional house are called the prengreng flower, which symbolizes the philosophy of life that propagates the tendrils.

Spreading the vine means that his life will continue to be connected and will not be interrupted.

These ornaments are usually used on the stairs, anjong (building cover), and windows.

4. Mandar Traditional House

The traditional house of the Mandar Tribe has a shape that is almost the same as the traditional house of the Bugis and Makassar tribes.

Although similar, there is a difference that lies in the terrace (lego) which has a larger size.

In addition, the roof also forms like a bucket that tilts forward and is the uniqueness of this traditional house.

Traditional Mandar houses in general have a dark color, even a few who prefer to maintain the original color of the wood used.

5. Toraja Traditional House

The last South Sulawesi traditional house is a traditional house from the Toraja tribe called Tongkonan.

The uniqueness of the Tongkonan traditional house is that it stands on a pile of wood carved in black, red, and yellow.

In addition to its unique shape, the Tongkonan traditional house also has a philosophy that symbolizes the relationship with their ancestors.

So it is not wrong if this traditional house is usually used as a place for the spiritual center of the Toraja Tribe.

This Tongkonan traditional house is divided into 3 parts, which consist of the roof (ulu banua), the body of the house (kalle banua), and the foot of the house (suluk banua).

As for the layout itself, the Toraja traditional house has a north room (living room), a middle room (family room), and a south room (ambung).

Tongkonan traditional houses are also divided into three types, namely:

• Tongkonan Layuk
  The traditional house of Tongkonan Layuk has a function as a place of highest power which is usually used as the center of government.
• Tongkonan Pekanberan
  Tongkonan Pekanberan, also known as Tongkonan Pekaindoran, is a Tongkonan traditional house owned by a family who has a position in the Toraja tribe.
• Stone Tongkonan
  Tongkonan Batu is a traditional Tongkonan house owned by ordinary Toraja residents or people.

Conclusion

South Sulawesi Province has another traditional house besides the traditional house of the Toraja Tribe called the Tongkonan traditional house.

The traditional houses include the traditional house of the Makassar tribe, the traditional house of the Bugis, the traditional house of the Luwuk tribe, and the traditional house of the Mandar tribe.

Where each traditional house in the province of South Sulawesi has its own values ​​of life, philosophy, uniqueness, uses, and different forms.