20 Types of Poems and Examples

July 06, 2021
InPantun Pantun Sampiran Sampiran Example Of A Poem Example Of A Poem

Pantun is the artistic wealth of the archipelago. Westerners are infatuated with the original Indonesian culture, starting with the language Indonesia to Javanese characters. The sad thing is, often we as children of the nation ignore the uniqueness that we already have. We may be more fluent in foreign languages, however, are we fluent when we make rhymes? The following is a conception of the types of rhymes and examples.

Pantun is a form of Indonesian or Malay poetry. This rhyme is an old type of poetry (read: types of poetry) which is bound by its various provisions and rules. So that a poem cannot be called a rhyme when it does not meet its requirements.

Characteristics of the poem

Pantun has the following characteristics and rules:

Consists of 4 lines
the final rhyme a-b-a-b (not that it must end in the letters a and b, this is just the format that the first line and the third line ends with the same letter/pronunciation, and the second and fourth lines end in the same letter/pronunciation same)

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Generally there are 8-12 tribe word every line
rows 1 and 2 become sampiran
line 3-4 to fill

1-2 Types of Pantun Based on the relationship between Sampiran and Contents

Based on the relationship between sampiran (line 1,2) and content (line 3,4), rhymes are divided into two types, namely:

1. Noble rhyme

It is called a noble rhyme if the sampiran in lines 1-2 functions in addition to preparing the pronunciation for the contents as well as a signal from the contents in lines 3-4.

Example:

1. The water inside is added deep (sampiran)

Rain upstream is not yet shady (sampiran)

This heart is getting revenge (contents – means his heart is getting angry)

The first grudge hasn't healed yet (content – the anger from the past is still there)

2. To the old shop waiting (sampiran)

Wait for mom to buy rice (sampiran)

Be a kind boy (content – means to be a good child, diligent)

In order to be successful (content – meaning in order to achieve learning success)

2. Poems are not noble

It is called a non-noble rhyme if the sampiran in lines 1-2 only prepares the pronunciation for the contents, word-words in the sampiran are not related to the content in lines 3-4.

Example:

Hunting in the plains (sampiran)

Got a camel striped leg (sampiran)

Abysmal learning (content - meaning the knowledge required is not perfect)

Like flowers that don't happen (content – meaning it will be useless)

3-17 Types of Poems Based on Content

3. Children's Poem

Poem rejoice

The rhyme of joy contains an expression of feelings of joy or happiness

Example:

canary bird dara (sampiran)

Fly to the skyUS(sampiran)

Whose heart is not happyra (contents - meaning every child will be happy)

Because beta has gone upUS(contents – means that it has been promoted)

Poem of sorrow

The mourning poem is a poem that expresses sadness or grief.

Example of a poem:

Picking duku in the town of Kedu (Sampiran)

Bought the money tent hilang (Sampiran)

I'm sobbingdu (Fill – meaning I cried until I sobbed)

Haven't found a mother yetlang (contents – means I cry because my mother hasn't come home for a long time)

4. Fate rhyme or trade rhyme

Fate rhymes or trade rhymes are rhymes that describe a person's condition.

Example:

Go to school stop by Cimahi (sampiran)

In front of the hill see defendlang (sampiran)

Maybe it's God's destinyhi (contents – meaning it seems that it has been determined by God)

The sick body is left behindlang (contents – means having an incurable disease)

5. Introductory poem

Introductory rhymes are rhymes that express introduction to someone and greetings when they are acquainted.

Example:

Where are you going from?a (sampiran)

Peeled mangosteen with pisau (sampiran)

If we may aska (Content – means someone wants to get acquainted)

Sweet girl what's your name?u (content – meaning to a girl she asks her name)

6. Friendship poems

Friendship poems are poems with the theme of friendship or relationships with friends.

Examples of friendship poems:

1. Five six seven eight (sampiran)

In Pekalongan buy batik (sampiran)

If you are looking for a friend (Fill – meaning when you choose friend or best friend)

A friend must be good (Fill – means choose a good friend)

2. Buy an expensive motorbike (sampiran)

The shop is not open (sampiran)

Choose me the person (Fill – means you better choose me to be your friend)

There are times of joy (Contents - meaning because I always accompany you when you are happy or sad)

3. Take a walk to the park (sampiran)

Go for a ride odong-odong (sampiran)

If you want to have friends (Fill – meaning when you want to have many friends)

Don't be arrogant (Contents – means must maintain an attitude of not being arrogant)

7. Traditional rhymes

Traditional pantun is a rhyme that contains about customs and culture.

Example:

Planting coconuts in the land of Bukum (sampiran)

The height of the bicycle has been fruitful (sampiran)

Tradition starts with law (Content – meaning that the customs of a tribe originally came from the rules)

Standard law from the Book of Allah (Content – meaning the rules that become customary rely on the book of Allah)

8. Religious Poem

Religious rhymes are rhymes that contain matters related to religion.

Example:

Many months of months (sampiran)

Not as noble as the month of fasting(sampiran)

Many gods are god matters (Content - meaning in this world there are many religions with many gods)

Not as noble as the One God (Contents – meaning but only one noble, namely the one God)

9. Budi's rhyme

Pantun Budi is a poem that contains politeness, attitude and behavior.

Example:

What are the benefits of batik cloth? (sampiran)

If not with grace (sampiran)

What are the benefits of having a beautiful wife?

If not with his mind

10. Limerick

The witty rhyme is a rhyme that aims to entertain the listener. In addition, this rhyme is also used as a media to quip in a familiar atmosphere, so as not to offend. The use of witty rhymes is useful to lighten the mood.

Example:

Walk around swamp(sampiran)

If you are tired of sitting on a palm tree (sampiran)

Cheerful heart hold laughter (Content – means wanting to laugh because it's funny but being held back)

Seeing a frog wearing a helmet (Content – it's funny when you see a frog wearing a helmet, a frog with a helmet big helmet)

11. Heroic Poem

Pantun heroism is a poem that contains the spirit of heroism, patriotism and nationalism.

Example:

If someone nets the numbers (sampiran)

Sliced bamboo shoots will steam it (sampiran)

If the charcoal is stuck in the face (Contents – means heroes will fight back when invaders attack the nation)

The tip of the keris will erase it (Content – means that the hero's resistance can be done with a dagger, which is the original weapon of the archipelago)

12.Kias Pantun

Figurative rhymes are rhymes that contain connotations, parables and usually use metaphorical figures of speech.

Example:

Tempinis wood from kuala(sampiran)

Taken by people to Melaka (sampiran)

How sweet is the name nira (Fill – means it should be able to change something, sap: coconut water)

Keep long into vinegar (Content – meaning in order to later benefit from it)

13. Advice

Pantun advice is a poem that contains suggestions, appeals and advice that should be implemented.

Example:

1. Kemuning in the middle of the hall (sampiran)

Grow and then get taller (sampiran)

Negotiating with people who are not smart (Content – means to consult with stupid people)

Like a thorn picker (Fill – meaning it won't solve the problem)

2. Go to the market to buy a guitar

Buy it at the store front

study hard

there are benefits in the future

14. Love Poem

Love poems are poems that contain love, affection and affection.

Example:

1. Try planting mumbang (sampiran)

Hopefully it will be a coconut (sampiran)

Try planting honey (Content – means the author is trying to give affection to someone)

Hope it grows love(Content – means the author hopes that other people also have a sense of love)

2. eagle sparrows in the clouds,

basil on the crate.

Already beautiful with a match,

love is stuck in the heart.

15. Proverbs

Proverb rhymes are rhymes that contain expressions that generally have a fixed arrangement.

Example:

Upstream cut the fence (sampiran)

Don't cut the durian tree (sampiran)

Find a teacher where to study (Content – meaning while still young have to study with a teacher)

Don't regret later (Content - meaning so that you don't regret it in the future)

16. Poems Riddles – Puzzles

Riddle rhymes are rhymes that contain guesses or guesses about the rhyme.

Example:

If you bring taro (sampiran)

Also bring the shoots of the bamboo shoots (sampiran)

If sir is wise bestari (Contents – means if the master is knowledgeable and knowledgeable)

what animal is the horn on the nose?( Contents – meaning then what is the name of the animal that has horns on the nose?)

17. Farewell poem

A farewell poem is a poem that contains about someone who will leave or be left by someone else.

example:

Pomegranate stone mango(sampiran)

Nines in the palm of the hand(sampiran)

Let's be far away in one country(Contents – meaning that even though they are far away, they are still in one country)

Lost in the eyes in the heart don't (Content – meaning that even though it can't be seen directly, don't let the feeling also disappear)

18 – 20 Types of Pantun Based on Regional Ethnicity

Each ethnic group in the archipelago has a unique rhyme. The following are rhymes from several ethnic groups in Indonesia, namely:

In Java the poem is called parikan
Person Sunda name it follow-up or satire
Person Mandailing name it ende-ende
Person Aceh name it boligon or rejong
Person Malay, Banjar and Minang name it pantun.

18. Sundanese rhymes

The Sundanese pantun has a different meaning from the Malay pantun. The Malay pantun means closer satire Sunda. Sisindiran Sunda is a poem that consists of two parts including sampiran and contents. However, the Sundanese pantun is a performing art in the form of story speech in the form of literature Sundanese are presented in a prologue, dialogue, and often sung.

Examples of Sundanese satire:

Seng eager to drink jajamu (Sampiran – be diligent in drinking herbal medicine)

Nu to strengthen the veins (sampiran - which is useful for strengthening the veins)

Sing passionate about knowledge (content - means diligently diligently studying)

nu guna dunya hereafter (content - meaning that is beneficial to the world hereafter)

19. Pantun Banjar

Banjar rhymes are rhymes that are written or spoken in the Banjarese language. Language Banjar is used by the Banjar tribe of South Kalimantan and surrounding areas as well as the overseas areas of the Banjar tribe. Pantun Banjar is poetry folk entertainment, which is written and spoken in the Banjarese language with certain mental and physical forms according to special conventions that have been applied in Banjarese folklore literature.

Banjar rhyme example:

Do not throw away the main rack
Until the rope is broken home
Ratik a lot is not a big fan
The river can't be thrown away

20. Betawi Pantun

Betawi rhymes spread across the region culture Betawi includes: Tambun suburbs, Krawang, East Bekasi, Cimanggis, Depok, Ciputat and Cibinong in the south, Tangerang in the east.

The most prominent thing in this rhyme is the strong characteristics that show spontaneous expression. Most sampiran show this tone. It could be that the enthusiasm and expression of spontaneity is based on the desire to build sounds that end in the same: a-b-a-b. Therefore, almost all Betawi rhymes sampiran are not related to the content. Sampiran like thrown out as it is, free, loose, without a burden.

The following is an example of a Betawi rhyme:

Split jackfruit in daon waru (sampiran)

Daon is called a pengjeg (sampiran)

Who would have thought that the fate of the teacher (Contents - means that no one can determine the fate of a teacher)

In the morning, teach, in the afternoon, ngojeg (Fill – meaning in the morning teaching students, then in the afternoon working as a motorcycle taxi)

The content of the Betawi pantun relates to expressing various advice related to ethics, adab, morals, courtesy, courtesy and religious teachings, as well as social criticism. Therefore, we can see that the Betawi rhyme can be said to be a representation from dynamics of social and cultural life, as well as the history of the Betawi people.

Here are some examples of Betawi rhymes:

Ke Setu ngorak harp (sampiran)

Kedebong is cut down by a cousin (sampiran)

Only one he has a tipi (Contents – means having only one television)

Eh, it's arrogant to apologize (Content – means to make someone very proud of their TV)

The example of the Betawi rhyme above contains elements of social criticism and polite advice

Cimuning the way is redug (sampiran)

After the rain was struck by lightning (sampiran)

The yellow shirt is beating on the drum (Content – means someone wearing a yellow shirt beating the drum)

Don't even pray (Contents - meaning the drum drummer does not perform the prayer)

The example of the Betawi rhyme above contains elements of criticism, religion.

Betawi people face change era in their daily life is poured in the form of rhymes. As a result, some rhymes, apart from containing social criticism and portraits of the Betawi people, also seem to be egalitarian. Any events, whether related to life in the home, the relationship between the daughter-in-law and the in-laws, can be freely disclosed. example:

Areca nut star fruit

Betiga ame mango

It's really fun, Mr. Suwing

Let the angry laugh too