Discussion Text: Definition, Examples, Structure, Characteristics, Types
Do you know what is meant by actual? According to the KBBI, actual is what actually happened or is being discussed by many people (about something). events) Discussion itself means a scientific meeting to exchange ideas on a problem, while discussion text itself is a text that contains discourse that discusses a problem discusses an issue that contains two arguments, namely supporting arguments (pro) and opposing arguments (counter). Anything in the environment that is actual can be used as a material for discussion. In this case, discussion can be done through two activities, namely direct or indirect activities.
Definition of Discussion Text
Briefly, the discussion text is a text that gives two different opinions on a matter (one "pro and one" con) that causes both parties talk to each other about the problem in question Or it can also be defined as writing that reviews a problem (issue) accompanied by arguments/opinions both for and against the issue and ending with conclusions or recommendations author.
Discussion Text Structure
The discussion text has 4 structures including issues, supporting arguments, refusing arguments and the last is the conclusion. To better understand it, see the following.
- Issue: contains problems that will be discussed together
- Arguments in favor: contains arguments (reasons) that support something that is the subject of the discussion. After conveying the problem, the author can express an opinion from a supporting point of view accompanied by reasons and evidence to support the opinion expressed previous.
- Arguments against: contains arguments (reasons) against the supporting arguments. At this stage, the author presents his opinion accompanied by reasons and evidence from a contra point of view.
- Conclusion: the final result that contains conclusions and recommendations on an issue being discussed contains a middle ground between the opinions of pros and cons.
Purpose of Discussion Text
The purpose of the discussion is to seek agreement or understanding of ideas or opinions, discussions involving several people are called group discussions. In group discussions it takes a leader called the discussion leader. The task of the discussion leader is to open and close the discussion, arouse the interest of members to convey ideas, mediate members who argue, and conclude the results of the discussion
Types of Discussion Texts
Discussion texts are divided into several types, including:
Seminar
A seminar is a special meeting that has technical and academic purposes whose purpose is to conduct a thorough study of a particular topic by solving a problem that requires interaction among seminar participants who are assisted by a professor or scholar.
workshop
The definition of a workshop is a meeting held to listen to the opinion of someone who is an expert in the field certain fields, where this activity will be carried out by inviting or presenting a group of invitees certain.
Symposium
The definition of a symposium is a series of short speeches made by someone in front of the participants / visitors who come. Typical example: national accounting symposium.
panel discussion
Definition of Panel Discussion. Panel discussion is a forum for exchanging ideas by a group of people in front of them. group of attendees on a particular issue that he has prepared. Panel Discussion is a group of individuals who discuss the topic of advantages in society or the audience of the discussion.
Congress
Congress is a large gathering of representatives of organizations (political, social, professional) to discuss and make decisions.
Conference
The definition of congress is a meeting / highest deliberation held by the central leadership in an organization, where this meeting will be attended by representatives of the organization to make decisions regarding a problem that is being faced together within the organization that.
Workshop
The definition of a workshop is an event or meeting conducted by experts in a particular field with the aim of to discuss a problem related to their expertise, as well as to find a solution to the problem that.
Language Rules of Discussion Text
In identifying the linguistic elements of the discussion text, it is necessary to pay attention and understand the linguistic features of the discussion text. Thus, identifying the linguistic elements of the discussion text will be easier.
There are several linguistic characteristics in the discussion text, namely using resistance dashes such as:
- a) but,
- b) whereas,
- c) no…. but,
- d) not ….. but,
- e) using lexical cohesion and grammatical cohesion,
- f) begins with an interrogative sentence,
- g) using the word modality.
Discussion Text Function
The social function of discussion text is to see a problem from various perspectives, before making a decision or recommendation.
Example of a Discussion Text and its Structure
Impact of Watching Television for Teenagers
Issue
In this era of globalization, television shows are unavoidable, by watching television we can get various kinds of information, including entertainment. The question is, are there any negative effects from watching television?
Some people think that watching television has a positive impact, but there are also many people who think that watching television has a negative impact.
Supporting Argument
The positive impacts of watching television are as follows:
- First, television has advantages in terms of news presentation, television is generally always up to date. This will certainly make teenagers do not miss information and provide fairly broad insight to teenagers quickly.
- Second, if television presents programs related to education, this is certainly very useful for students. A student can benefit in the form of educational information from the television program.
- Third, another positive influence of television is that teenagers can refresh their brains by watching various entertainment programs presented by television stations. Starting from quiz shows, movies, soap operas or other entertainment.
- Fourth, television shows often broadcast influential figures, whether in the world of education, business, entertainment or others. The characters shown on television can trigger teenagers to imitate their success.
Arguments Against
Meanwhile, the negative effects of watching television are as follows:
- First, television makes teenagers forget the time, for students addicted to watching television it becomes counter productive to the task of a student whose obligation to study.
- Second, the number of programs that are less educational on television can affect the psyche of teenagers. Films that show scenes that are not suitable for teenagers to watch without any censorship are very easy for teenagers to imitate.
- Third, television is able to increase the consumptive power of teenagers, because television is an advertising medium that has a high influence on consumers. Ads are shown continuously throughout the day, teens to buy products promoted by manufacturers.
- Fourth, there are many television shows whose content is not in accordance with the norms of Indonesian society, including news that often broadcasts violence without being censored first. Such programs, if watched by teenagers who in fact like to imitate, can certainly be imitated by them.
Conclusion
From some of these opinions it can be concluded that television has a positive or negative impact, it depends on the television audience.
Cellphones and Children
Handphone or people now use. more often Smartphone is a device that is used to facilitate humans in matters of communication. Not only communication, Smartphones are also used to help other human needs. Almost everyone has a cellphone, even small children. Even so, there are many pros and cons when it comes to giving cellphones to children.
Those who support or those who are pro against giving HP to children consider that with the With this communication tool, parents will find it easier to monitor and supervise their child's condition anytime and anywhere anywhere. In addition, the presence of a cellphone or smartphone makes it easier for children to access the information they need to support the learning process at school.
Meanwhile, those who are against or those who are against giving cellphones to children have reasons
that children are not yet given this sophisticated technology. This is because not all information on the internet is good, there is also a lot of harmful content that children should not access. In addition, giving cellphones to children makes them passive and difficult to get along with the environment because they are more fun playing games on their cellphones.
Based on the two arguments above, the conclusion that we can draw is that giving cellphones to children is actually not mandatory. However, if it is absolutely necessary, parents must provide close supervision to their children. Parents must know what their children have access to and always remind them of the good things that can be accessed and bad things that should not be accessed so as not to fall into things that are negative.
On text Cellphones and Children we can identify the structure of the text as follows!
Structure Teks Title Cellphones and Children Problem. (Issue)
Handphone or people now use. more often Smartphone is a device that is used to facilitate humans in matters of communication. Not only communication, Smartphones are also used to help other human needs. Almost everyone has a cellphone, even small children. Even so, there are many pros and cons when it comes to giving cellphones to children.
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How to tell the difference between discussion text and exposition text
Comparing the discussion text with the exposition text is done to find the differences between the two texts. Texts or discourses can be distinguished based on their structure and language features. The structure formed from the different functions of paragraphs in constructing a discourse. While language features are the use or utilization of language to build a discourse or text.
In order to better understand the difference between the two texts, please Ananda pay attention to the following table!
| Comparison Element | Teks Discussion | Teks Exposition |
| Text structure | 1. Issue. 2. Arguments (Pros and Cons) 3. Conclusion/ Suggestion |
1. Thesis. 2. Argument 3. Reaffirmation |
| language | 1. Using the word modality, Example: should, will, want, maybe. 2. Using conjunctions of resistance, among others, but, while, but, and vice versa. 3. The use of gamatic and lexical cohesion. |
1. Using the word modality, Example: should, will, want, maybe. 2. Using transitional conjunctions (connecting) namely words such as, then, and, or, because of that. 3. use of action verbs |
Read the following two texts!
Teks Discussion
Isu
Lately, criminal acts committed by students in big cities are very worrying. They not only go to school, but also vandalize, fight, and even hijack a bus. One of the officials instructed the head of the local Education Office (Disdik) to impose sanctions on naughty students who have committed crimes. Society in general agrees that students who commit crimes need to be punished. What kind of sanctions are given? Until now there is still debate in the community.
Supporting Argument
Some people suggest that there are three strict sanctions that they recommend. First, the students were transferred from their original school to another school. Naughty students are usually in groups. Thus, transfer them to another school, but spread out, so that they are completely separated from each other and are expected to not commit a crime again. Second, namely the sanction of not going to class for all students who are proven to have done harmful actions and endanger the safety of others. The third sanction is that if the two punishments fail to change behavior, the problematic student is expelled from his current school and returned to his parents. Even so, the official criticized teachers at the school for not being able to educate their students to stay away from negative behaviors.
Argumen refuse
Meanwhile, some people do not agree that naughty students are expelled from school. The reason is that students still need coaching. The school must nurture these naughty schoolchildren. What's the point of a school if it can't nurture and guide its students. In order to avoid fights, for example, schools need to hold activities that make students feel at home at school. It should be noted that students, especially junior high schools, are transitions from children to teenagers. Psychologically, they need attention. Activities that make students feel at home at school include sports, music, dance, writing, and scouting. Every day, the students always interact with the teachers. So, teachers should supervise, monitor, and guide students not to take actions that harm others.
Siconclusion
In principle, sanctions for naughty students are fine. However, the sanctions must educate students to change their behavior for the better. If the sanctions are not appropriate, it is not impossible that the student will be even more naughty.
Teks Exposition
Tesister
Lately, criminal acts committed by students in big cities are very worrying. They not only go to school, but also vandalize, fight, and even hijack a bus. One of the officials instructed the head of the local education office (Disdik) to impose sanctions on naughty students who have committed crimes. Society in general agrees that students who commit crimes need to be punished. What kind of sanctions are given? Until now there is still debate in the community.
Argument
Some people suggest that there are three strict sanctions that they recommend. First, the students were transferred from their original school to another school. Naughty students are usually in groups. Thus, transfer them to another school, but spread out, so that they are completely separated from each other and are not expected to commit crimes again.
Second, namely the sanction of not going to class for all students who are proven to have done harmful actions and endanger the safety of others.The third witness, if the two punishments did not succeed in changing his behavior, the student who The problematic person is expelled from his current school and returned to their respective parents. respectively. Even so, the official criticized teachers at the school for not being able to educate their students to stay away from negative behaviors.
Every day, students always interact with teachers and other students. So, teachers should supervise, monitor and guide students not to take actions that harm others. If there are one or two students who are naughty, it will directly or indirectly affect other students.
Affirmation
In principle, sanctions for naughty students need to be done. However, the sanctions must educate students to change their behavior for the better. If the sanctions are not appropriate, it is not impossible that the student will be even more naughty.
After reading the examples of discussion texts and exposition texts, Ananda understood the comparison of the two texts better. Try to mark the language characteristics of the two texts! Apart from the structure and linguistic features, is there anything else that distinguishes the two texts?
That's the discussion about “Discussion Text” Definition & (Structure – Objective – Type – Example) I hope this review can add to your insight and knowledge, thank you very much for visiting.
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