Imperative Declarative and Interrogative Sentences and Examples

Sentence is a unitary word that expresses a concept of thoughts and feelings (KBBI 2016). In type of sentenceIn terms of function, the sentences are divided into imperative sentences, declarative sentences and interrogative sentences.

In the previous discussion, lecturerBahasa.com has reviewed several other types of sentences, including sentences raw and not standard, active and passive sentences, simple and complex sentences, direct and indirect sentences, denotative and connotative sentences, and conditional sentence. In this discussion, we will describe in more detail about declarative and interrogative imperative sentences along with examples.

Imperative Sentence

Imperative sentences are included in the type of sentence which based on the syntactic form is not related to the pragmatic function (language as a tool). communication practical).

Definition of imperative according to the Big Dictionary Language Indonesia (KBBI) is commanding or commanding; has the right to give orders; mandatory. So, the meaning of imperative sentences when viewed from the meaning is a sentence that contains a command in it. Command sentence is defined as a sentence that functions to ask/forbid someone to do/not do something.

Imperative sentences can usually be seen from the intonation of speech. Imperative sentences are spoken (language oral) by speakers with a high tone/ intonation, whereas in written language imperative sentences are marked by the use of an exclamation mark (!) at the end of the sentence. However, it is possible if imperative sentences are spoken with a flat intonation depending on certain conditions.

In addition to these characteristics, imperative sentences can be identified from several other characteristics, including the following;

•  Using affirmative, smoothing and commanding elements (expectations, prohibitions, invitations, or requests)
• In general, high intonation is only used at the beginning of a sentence, while at the end of a sentence it is often used in a lower tone
• Having an inverse arrangement (reverse position) means that it is not always predicate-subject
• The perpetrator of the action is not always revealed

Basically, imperative sentences function as commands to a speaker's expectations or wishes. Usually the imperative sentence contains an invitation, request, or prohibition.

Types of Imperative Sentences

Based on the characteristics above, imperative sentences are divided into several types, namely intransitive; transitive; smooth; Request; hope; ban; and omission. In the following description, several types of imperative sentences will be described.

1. Intransitive Imperative Sentence

An intransitive imperative sentence is a command sentence that is formed from an intransitive declarative sentence (statement) with a predicate. word basic verbs, adjective phrases, and verbal phrases with prefixes of ber-, and meng-, or prepositional phrases.

Example:

• Exit !
• Go!
• Relax in the botanical gardens!
• You're in!
• Shut up !
• Leave us!

2. Transitive Imperative Sentence

A transitive imperative sentence is a command sentence that is formed from a transitive verb predicate, a transitive imperative sentence is almost the same as a passive declarative sentence.

Example:

• Go wherever you want!
• Change all your bad habits!
• Enjoy all your wealth!
• Fix your roof!
• Buy your sister her favorite ice cream!
• Just eat here!

3. Subtle Imperative Sentences

Subtle imperative sentences are imperative sentences that use subtle vocabulary such as the word try; Please; please; would you please; etc.

Example:

• Please make me coffee !
• Please enter our director's office!
• Try my cake!
• Would you please come to my house!
• Please send this letter to my homeroom teacher!
• Please check completeness letter- the letter!
• Let's wait for the next investigation!

4. Imperative Sentences of Request

The imperative sentence of a request is a form of a command sentence that uses the word "ask" or "beg". The subject of the imperative sentence request is not always raised and usually the subject is the speaker himself.

Example:

• Please welcome this file !
• Please pay attention, gentlemen!
• Ask for a piece of paper in the next room!
• Apologize to your mother!
• Ask your parents permission!
• Just a moment please!

5. Imperative Sentences of Hope

Imperative sentences of hope are also commonly referred to as imperative sentences of invitation. Imperative sentences of hope or invitation are imperative sentences that contain the word invite or hope in it, usually followed by the word "come on" or "let's go".

Example:

• Let's work together to improve our school!
• Let's all citizens work together to clean the waterways!
• Let's keep the beach clean from now on!
• We should work together to build worker solidarity !
• Let's be diligent in saving!
• Let's go to Monas a lot!

6. Imperative Sentences of Prohibition

The imperative sentence of prohibition is a sentence of command which contains a prohibition marked with the word "don't".

Example:

• Never step on this house again!
• Don't throw trash anywhere!
• Don't joke while eating!
• Do not violate traffic signs!
• Don't forget to turn off the stove on the go!

7. Imperative Sentences of Omission

The imperative sentence of omission is a form of command sentence which contains the word let; let. The imperative sentence of omission is the opposite form of the imperative claim of prohibition. The imperative sentence of omission means to let something happen without being forbidden.

Example:

• Just let him go!
• Let everything happen!
• Let the turtle go back to its habitat!
• Let him fill it all data itself !
• Let him cry as loud as he can!

In short, imperative sentences are interpreted as imperative sentences that are expressed based on different intentions. Commands can be in the form of prohibitions, requests, or let, depending on the intonation and word elements included in the sentence.

Declarative Sentence

The word declarative comes from the Latin "declaratio" which means "statement". Declaratives are also referred to as news sentences that are informative, facts (opinions). From this brief understanding, a declarative sentence can be interpreted as a sentence in the form of a statement and serves to provide information information about something without expecting a specific response. Declarative sentences are simple sentences that have only one subject and predicate ending in quotation marks (“).

(Read: declarative sentence example kalimat)

Other characteristics of declarative sentences include:

• The sentence structure is not a characteristic (same as other sentences)
• Spoken with a flat and neutral intonation (no part is considered more important in the sentence)
• Declarative sentences can be placed at the beginning or end of the sentence (the subject of the conversation)

Types of Declarative Sentences

Declarative sentences are grouped into active declaratives; passive; inversion; live; and indirectly. Here's an explanation of each:

1. Active Declarative Sentence

Active declarative sentences are sentences that are active, the subject takes action on the object.

Example:

• A car hit the shoulder of the Gajah Mada Buleleng road at around 05.00 this morning
• Me and uncle went on vacation to grandma's house a week ago
• The National Police Chief asked all his staff to jointly safeguard the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia
• Grandpa teaches sister to plant sunflowers in the yard
• Brother is repairing a broken sister's toy
• Elke borrowed his sister's desk to study
• Dian admitted that she accidentally threw away the important document
• A sharp knife is used to slaughter the sacrificial animal

2. Passive Declarative Sentence

Passive declarative sentence is a form of news sentence whose subject is subject to action by the object.

Example:

• The accident victim's necklace was looted by those who are still being chased by the authorities
• Fish thief ship in the sea Indonesia was sunk by order of the Minister of Marine Affairs
• The palm flower pot in front of the house last night was hit by a pick-up car belonging to Mr. RT
• The decomposed organic waste is made into compost by grandfather
• The cell phone thief who was caught in the act this afternoon was beaten by the locals mercilessly
• The fence of the DPR building became the victim of a mob rampage last Monday
• The chicken coop next to the house was swept away when the flood hit the yard yesterday
• The electricity in our house was cut off due to the lightning that struck last night
• Some of the books in his collection are sold cheaply to pay for his mother's treatment at the hospital
• The walls of the living room had to be repainted because of the graffiti of his nephew who was still a toddler

3. Inverse Declarative Sentence

An inverted declarative sentence is a sentence whose predicate precedes the subject.

Example:

• Comes his father who has not seen him for fifteen years
• The stone was shaped to resemble a statue of Ganesha according to his mother's instructions before he died
• Cry mother after being yelled at by her daughter
• He saved the money well for tomorrow's trip
• He visited Kalimantan where his ancestors came from
• He hit the plant pot in front of the fence as he forced his way into the council building
• Grandma's favorite sponge cake was made as a Christmas gift from Mom
• He ran to his mother's arms
• He rubbed the grandmother's face which was already wet with sweat after selling all day
• He came to his brother's grave in tears after arriving from Palu

4. Direct Declarative Sentence

Direct declarative sentences are the form of news sentences in the form of quotes from someone's conversation according to what was said.

Example:

• Lina said, "I'm going to grandma's grave this afternoon,"
• “The financial supervisory team will be here to check the office tomorrow.” Manager said
• "I'll take you to the hospital now." Dad said to mom
• Grandpa said, "Let's do some farming tomorrow morning."
• The teacher once said, "Our children must keep the school clean together."
• "How's the ice cream, Sis?", asked Dad when he bought my sister's favorite ice cream this afternoon.
• The judge had warned, "If the audience cannot calm down, I will postpone this trial."
• Fajar's father said, "Please take care of Fajar, he is still spoiled by his character."
• "Before leaving, let's pray first, brothers and sisters," said the scout coach.
• "Come on Iwan, come eat with us here," said the mother to my little friend.

5. Indirect Declarative Sentence

Indirect declarative sentences are sentences that restate what someone else has said.

Example:

• Mom said last night dad had a high fever
• Denis said that he doesn't like taking the bus
• The Semampir Police Chief explained that the accident was purely because the bemo driver was sleepy
• Mr. Bondan said his son was being treated at the hospital because he was infected with typhus
• Ari had a message to buy him a gift on his birthday
• Mrs. Kadek always reminds her children not to sleep late at night
• This morning Adit ordered him to buy yellow rice for lunch
• Mr. RT advised all residents to take part in healthy exercise tomorrow morning
• Teacher says we are all required to read even if it's only for five minutes a day
• The President reminded his people not to get emotional about SARA issues

Interrogative Sentence

An interrogative sentence is a sentence that contains an interrogative sentence. Judging from the origin of the language, namely interrogation, it can be interpreted that interrogative sentences function to ask something or news to others. Interrogative sentences most often use a question mark (?) at the end of each sentence.

(Read: example of interrogative sentence)

Another characteristic of interrogative sentences is that it looks from question word at the beginning of a sentence that becomes ingredient to get answers like, what; Who; Where; When; Why; How; etc.

Types of Interrogative Sentences

Interrogative sentences are divided into several types, namely:

1. Interrogative Sentences Asking for Confession

This interrogative sentence is a type of interrogative sentence that expects a confession answer from the interlocutor. Interrogative sentences asking for confession usually already contain a definite answer and consist of choices or offers. Sentences of this type are marked with the question word "what"

Example:

• Have you sent the file?
• Are you a policeman?
• Were you the one who scribbled on our classroom wall?
• Do you know about the shop owner who is a fugitive now?
• Are you sure about the college major you will choose?
• Have you paid off arrears before?
• Have you previously had a mortgage?
• Is she sure about her decision to divorce?
• Are all the files in order?
• Is it mandatory for every resident to have an NPWP?

2. Interrogative Sentences Asking for Answers Question Words

An interrogative sentence that asks for an answer to a question word is indicated by the sentence that uses what; Who; Where; When; How; etc.

Example:

• When do you go to Bandung?
• How are your report cards this semester?
• Where do you put your motorbike?
• Who will accompany you to the party this afternoon?
• What's your favorite color?
• Where is your house?
• What did you bring for tomorrow's picnic?
• When will he pay his debt?
• Where is your mother now?
• What can you do to atone for your mistake?

3. Sentence Interrogative Answer Reason

An interrogative sentence with an answer to reason is an interrogative sentence that is preceded by the word "why" or "why".

Example:

• Why don't you come to work?
• Why did your bike break?
• Why are your clothes so messy?
• Why does your hand hurt
• Why did he come here again?
• Why did your pencil break?
• Why are you afraid to meet your mother?
• Why did you come home so soon?
• Why is your house so hot?
• Why did you come late today?

4. Opinion Answer Interrogative Sentence

Opinion-answer interrogative sentence is a type of interrogative sentence that usually uses the word "how" at the beginning of the sentence.

Example:

• How is your grandma in village?
• How did the theft happen?
• How did the fire burn so many houses?
• How are your mom and dad?
• How did you learn this computer?
• How did that money get out of your bag?
• How can this faucet leak after repair?
• What do you think about the SARA issue lately?
• How do mice get into the house?
• How about we go together to Dufan on vacation later?

Thus a brief explanation of declarative and interrogative imperative sentences along with examples. Hopefully it can add insight and be useful!