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14 Examples of Abbreviations in Indonesian Sentences

In Indonesian, sometimes there is a difference between pronunciation and writing. This is because in oral we can convey the whole word in Indonesian according to its meaning as a whole. While in writing words, sometimes we feel that the words to be written are too long and make writing longer for points that are not the essence of the intended meaning.

Therefore, abbreviations or acronyms appear in Indonesian which then also have rules its use to clarify the expected meaning without being long-winded writing down words so that they look long and no need. In this article, we will discuss examples of abbreviations in Indonesian sentences to better understand their use. Before getting to know examples of abbreviations in sentences, let's understand the meaning and examples first.

Abbreviation is a form of shortening of words or sentences consisting of: from one or more letters that are spelled according to their constituent letters or can also be interpreted as a combination of letters from two or more words that are pronounced into one natural word.

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Types of Abbreviation Patterns

The use of abbreviations in Indonesian is not only in words or sentence only, but there is also a combination of letters and numbers or what is called a numeronym. Here are some patterns of abbreviations:

1. Abbreviations of official names of government agencies, organizations, and names of official documents

This abbreviation is all letters using capital letters, generally an abbreviation of the name of an institution, agency, institute, organization or agency. The form of this abbreviation pattern is taken from each initial letter only and in writing it does not use a period. In reading this abbreviation spelled letters.

Example:

  • fuel (Boh my Broot Moil)
    • Fuel prices are currently rising due to the increasingly expensive world oil prices.

  • STATE BUDGET (Agranny Pincome and Belanja Ncountry)

    • The President is reviewing the APBN report.

  • foreigners (Wprice Ncountry Asing)
    • Toni is a foreigner who has lived in Indonesia for five years.
  • PT (Pcompany Tlimited)
    • Nila's sister works at PT Pertamina, North Jakarta as a technician.
  • PGRI (Punity Guru Republik Iindonesia)
    • A group of teachers who are members of PGRI held a demonstration in front of the DPR office.
  • TVRI (Televation Republik Iindonesia)
    • Even though private television stations are mushrooming, TVRI stations are still in demand by their loyal viewers

2. Abbreviation of person's name, position, title name, rank.

This short form can be a letter at the beginning of a word or a combination of several letters from the word. This abbreviation uses a period in each letter separator from the abbreviation result.

Example:

  • Degree: K.H. (Kyai Haji), S.Pd. (Bachelor of Education), R.A. (Raden Ajeng)
    • K.H. Rahman Maulana is giving Islamic studies in the South.
    • The proposal must be approved by the head of the institution, Juli Suminar, S.Pd.
    • R.A. Kartini is a female hero in Indonesia until now.
  • Greeting: Mr. (Mr.), Mr. (Brother), Mr. (Sir)
    • Mr. Tumenggung as the head of the school was present at the event commemorating August 17.
    • Welcome to Mr. Rian to give a speech.
    • Mr. Alfonso had just gone to London.
  • Rank: Capt. (Captain), Col. (Colonel), Gen. (General)
    • Capt. Joko leads a night training expedition.
    • Cabbage. Suparman devised a slick strategy to outwit enemy ships.
    • Gen. Suparman Diningrat was my father's leader 2 years ago.
  • Name of person: B.W. (Bruce Willis), B.M. (Brandon Mull), Y.K. (Yoyok Winarno)
    • B.W. is a famous Hollywood actor who often plays in action films.
    • The author of the Beyonders trilogy, initials B.M.
    • The chief perpetrator of the robbery case at the elite house has the initials Y.K.

3. Common abbreviation consisting of a combination of letters

In this form of abbreviation, a period is used to separate the abbreviated results and is written in lowercase.

Example:

  • date (date)
    • Mom's insurance policy is almost due, tomorrow June 14th.
  • page (page)
    •  My sister often slips bookmarks on pages she hasn't finished reading.
  • blm (yet)
    • The photo that Andi printed yesterday wasn't finished yet
  • sd (already)
    • He always comes late, for us it's normal.
  • tb (that)
    • There are so many unclear words in the opinion column.

4.General abbreviation consisting of a combination of words

For general abbreviations in the form of a combination of words, a period is used and in writing it uses lowercase letters.

Example:

  • etc. (and others)
    • Fruits that are good for baby's digestion are bananas, papaya, pears, avocados, etc.
  • Dear. (Dear)
    • Dear. The head of the Indonesian Plantation Hospital is welcome to come forward.
  • etc. (etc)
    • Examples of four-legged animal names are elephants, giraffes, goats, horses, pigs, rabbits, etc.
  • et al (and friends)
    • This morning, the PKK group was escorted to Mr. RT's house by Adi et al.

5. Common abbreviations consisting of the first letters

Abbreviations consisting of the results of abbreviating the first letters of each word. It is written in lowercase and uses a period in each letter.

Example:

  • a.n. (On behalf of the)
    • The signature of the Head of the Health Center a.n. Mr. Mansyur has not been given.
  • p.p. (round-trip)
    • Dewi travels p.p. Surabaya – Jakarta in a day.
  • d.a. (by address)
    • On the parcel receipt is written d.a. Daanmogot KM 22
  • a.l. (among others)
    • Several types of sentences, a.l. direct and indirect sentences, active voice and passive voice, noun sentences and verbal sentences, complete sentences and incomplete sentences, denotative and connotative sentences, and so forth.

6. Abbreviations for chemical symbols, sizes, quantities, and scales

Writing abbreviations in this form does not use a period.

Example:

  • Ca (calcium)
    • Ca is an important component in bone formation.
  • TNT (trinitroluene)
    • material TNT explosives are used by soldiers to destroy enemies.
  • cm (centimeter)
    • Donita's waist is 42 cm.
  • Kg (kilogram)
    • The uncle weighed 5 kg of rice.
  • Rp (rupiah)
    • Mother sent Rp. 500 thousand to my independent account.

7. Abbreviation that represents the number in the same letter

In this abbreviation, numbers are used to abbreviate the same letter. The abbreviations are written in capital letters and do not use a full stop.

Example:

  • First aid (first aid in an accident)
    • Not only in schools and hospitals, now at home we also have to have a first aid kit.
  • P4TK (Center for Development and Empowerment of Educators and Education Personnel)
    • In order to improve the quality of educators, the Ministry of Education and Culture organizes P4TK.
  • G6PD (Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase)
    • G6PD is a type of enzyme found in blood cells that is useful for counteracting free radicals in the body.

8. Abbreviation that symbolizes level/level/stage

The abbreviation of this form is written in capital letters and is connected with a (-) sign.

Example:

  • S-1 (strada one)
    • After completing his high school education, my brother wants to take an S-1 majoring in Accounting, in Malang.
  • D-3 (diploma three)
    • Ayu who works as head of PR in the company communication it turned out to be a D-3 hospitality graduate.
  • D-4 (fourth diploma)
    • The company posted a vacancy to look for D-4 archiving graduates

9. Abbreviations that represent the date or year

Generally written in capital letters and do not use a period

Example:

  • 1945 Constitution (Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Indonesia 1945)
    • The 1945 Constitution was ratified by PPKI on August 18, 1945 as the state constitution.

10. Abbreviation that represents a comparison

Example:

  • Kw-1 (quality no. 1)
    • Currently in the market there are many Kw-1 goods circulating, depending on the buyer's choice in observing the product.
  • Sp-1 (letter warning 1)
    • Because he often does not come to work, he gets a Sp-1 from the company where he works.

11. Abbreviation that symbolizes the type/brand/type

Example:

  • BMW X5
  • ip7 plus (iphone 7 plus)
  • H5N1

12. Abbreviations to shorten syllables

Example:

  • country (country)
  • b'lum (yet)
  • no (no)

13. Abbreviation to remove tribe a word if followed by a consonant 'r'

Example:

  • across (across)
  • thanks (accept)

14. Abbreviation to shorten the word absorbed from language foreign

Example:

  • lab (laboratory)
  • information (information)
  • cafe (cafeteria)

Abbreviations are usually used to abbreviate word in writing but does not eliminate the meaning. Hopefully the discussion of examples of abbreviations in Indonesian sentences above is useful.