Scientific, Semi-Scientific and Non-Scientific essays and their differences

In linguistics, there are three types of essays produced by one or a group of writers to provide knowledge, or just entertainment for the reader. The essays consist of scientific essays, non-scientific essays, and semi-scientific essays. In general, we have often read these three types of essays. It's just that sometimes we still have difficulty distinguishing the three types of essays. In this discussion, we will describe the forms, differences, and examples of the three types of essays.

Scientific Writing

Scientific essays are science-based essays made by the author with the aim of to present facts to be known by the reader and compiled with the correct writing methodology and right. The definition of an essay or scientific work according to some experts is a form of written report published for describe the results of research conducted previously by a person or group by meeting the rules of writing that raw and recognized by the scientific community.

In the science of writing, there are several kinds of scientific works such as research reports, papers, symposia, or journal articles. All scientific works are official in nature presenting knowledge with functions

education for his readers. The following are the characteristics of scientific works that must be known as starting material for writing.

Characteristics of Scientific Writing

• Objective, none data manipulated or altered, facts.
• Right and Right
• Non Persuasive, the essay is not intended to influence
• Non argumentative, the essay is not the author's personal opinion
• Not emotive
• Not for your own benefit

Types of Scientific Writing

1. Thesis

Thesis is a type of scientific essay that is widely known and written by undergraduate students who have completed their studies in college. Thesis is a scientific essay that must be written by students as part of the final requirements for academic education (KBBI online, 2016).

Example of Thesis Title:

• Deixis in Mata Najwa Metro TV Program
  This thesis discusses research on several deixis (pronouns) based on certain categories that exist or are spoken in a program on a private TV station.
• Heroic Representation in Kasongan Novel by Satmoko Budi Santoso
  The thesis discusses research on the embodiment of heroism which is described through the paragraphs in the novel Kasongan

2. Papers

Papers are official writings on a subject that are intended to be read in public at a trial and which are often prepared for publication; student or student writing as a report on the results of the implementation of school or college assignments (KBBI online, 2016). Briefly, a paper can be interpreted as a scientific paper containing research results that are packaged lightly but formally to be displayed to the public.

Example of Paper Title:

• How to Overcome Globalization of Culture
  The presented paper discusses the various impacts of globalization that affect a culture belonging to a particular region. Then the impact is minimized in several ways so that culture not fade.
• The Role of Computers on Human Activities
  The paper presents the convenience felt by humans to make all their activities more practical with the sophistication offered by computers. Ease of data administration, making it easier for humans to know the outside world with social media is including the role of computers for humans.

3. Thesis

Thesis is a type of scientific work intended for undergraduate students to obtain a Master's degree. Thesis contains a statement or theory that is supported by the arguments put forward in the essay; to obtain a bachelor's degree at a university; scientific essays written to obtain a bachelor's degree at a university (KBBI Online, 2016).

Example of Thesis Title:

• Supernova Novel Study by Dewi Sustainable and the Novel Pintu by Fira Basuki (Intertextuality and Educational Values)
  The thesis with the title above discusses two novels by well-known authors, namely the novel Supernova and the novel Pintu to be compared with the theory of educational values.
• The Effect of Training and Work Motivation on PTPN X's Employee Performance
  The thesis with that title is found in the management economics study program which discusses research on various influences obtained by PTPN X employees after going through the training process and motivational seminars work.

4. Dissertation

A dissertation is a scientific work written to obtain a doctorate degree at a university. A more in-depth dissertation for discussion of the material and requires research that is more focused on the object of the problem.

Example of a Dissertation Title:

• Wayang Sasak Play Dewi Rengganis (Study of Sociology of Arts)
• Analysis of Character Education Policy for Elementary School Students

The Purpose and Benefits of Scientific Writing

Making scientific essays in the form of theses, papers, theses or dissertations aims as follows:

• Expressing thoughts and research results in a systematic written form
• Bringing up a scientific ethos, so that they are not only consumers but are able to produce works
• Proving the expertise and insight possessed in solving problems
• Able to practice basic skills

While the benefits of writing scientific papers are:

• Improve the systematization of data clearly
• Get intellectual satisfaction
• Get to know library activities
• Develop reading skills objectively
• Train to reference reading
• Expand knowledge
• As ingredient reference for future research

Semi-scientific essay

Semi-scientific essays, also known as popular science, are essays based on science and presented with the correct writing method. Scientific writing presents more general facts that are not tied to the style of the scientific method of writing. Semi-scientific essay writing presents fact and fiction in one piece. Another definition of semi-scientific essay is an essay that is scientific in nature, but uses common language so that it is easily understood by ordinary people (KBBI Online, 2016).

Characteristics of semi-scientific essays

• Facts are concluded subjectively
• Exaggerating something
• persuasive
• Formal and popular language style
• The proposal is argumentative
• Written based on the author's personal facts

Types of Semi-Scientific Essays

1. Article

Articles are factual essays made in full with the provisions of the number of words and made to be published via email media mass media that aims to convey opinions or facts to entertain, convince and educate.

2. Editorial

Editorials are not much different from articles. The definition of an editorial is an article in a newspaper or magazine that expresses the position of the editor or director letter the news is about a number of issues; editorial (KBBI Online, 2016).

3. Features

Feature is a form of presenting news scripts that are entertaining, based on journalism literature and contains about situations, circumstances or a life event that aims to provide information while entertaining the general public.

4. Review

A review is an essay that reviews all objective criticisms, summaries and opinions about a book that has been read before. Classification in making scientific book reviews, among others, consists of a summary, description, criticism, appreciation, and presumption. Reviews are not only used to describe a scientific book, but also several works fiction such as novels or romances.

5. Opinion

Opinion is a form of manuscript that contains opinions and is written by someone to express his opinion to the public. Opinions are widely presented in the mass media such as newspaper and contains the opinion of the editor who is in charge of the media.

Non-scientific essay

Non-scientific essays are essays that reveal facts about knowledge and experiences in life, usually using language that is not too standard/official. Non-scientific essays do not need to be supported by general facts and are mostly fictitious.

Characteristics of non-scientific essays

• Based on personal facts
• Subjective writing
• Style popular language and meaningful connotation
• Not relying on hypotheses
• Dramatic, Persuasive, Imaginative, Descriptive
• Emotive

Types of Non-Scientific Writing

1. Fairy tale

A fairy tale is a non-scientific essay in the form of a story that did not really happen. Fairy tales are usually enjoyed by children who like stories about animals, myth kingdoms, as well as various interesting stories that are synonymous with entertaining elements.

Example of a paragraph in a fairy tale:

• In the end the princess understood. He departed at dusk accompanied by a magic squirrel. They were not aware of the danger that was threatening them when they passed through the wolf forest. With supplies that have almost run out, and water that has not been found, Putri and Squirrels are magic together through the wilderness all night in hopes of finding his little brother who was held hostage by the king wolf.
• Timun Emas could only cry when she found out that her mother had promised the giant to give herself up. But for the sake of comforting his mother's heart, Timun Emas finally gave in when she had to run to the forest behind her house and avoid being chased by a giant with the provisions her mother gave her.
• Striped cows love farmers and their families very much. That's because, Striped Cow feels indebted to the farmer who once saved his life. The farmer's name is Mardi, who lives alone with his wife. Seven years ago, the Striped Cow was cared for by farmer Mardi and his wife. The two have not been blessed with a son since their marriage twenty years ago. Farmer Mardi always gives his love to his pets, sometimes his neighbors also leave their children to Mardi's farmers.

2. Short story

Short story is short from A short story is a non-scientific essay in the form of a fictional story that does not really happen and consists of several vocabulary words word. Short stories are often found in several print media, as well as electronic media that allow readers to easily enjoy and make it a source of entertainment.

Example of a paragraph in a short story:

• It's too long a trip from home to work, so sometimes sleepiness hangs over a pair of eyes. I fell asleep. Feel how the wind passes through the glass windows in the bus that makes the voices of the occupants. Exactly at eight in the morning the bus driver woke me up. Quickly waking up even though I was still in hallucinations, I immediately asked the bus driver to stop. A little hastily I jogged towards the office, until I didn't realize……”My bag!”
• Knowing Rifan is a pride that I feel. Among the men who have ever existed, Rifan is the one who can control me. At first I felt it was an act of restraint that he shouldn't have taken. But when I think again using logic and faith reasoning, I realize that such things might also be worth doing to protect me.

3. Drama

Drama is a composition of poetry or prose that is expected to describe life and character through behavior or dialogue that is staged. Script drama usually written in hyperbole language and try to draw the audience into the scene.

Example of a paragraph in a Drama script:

• I'M DEAD
  Uh, sorry, I mean, I, I want to say, before the show starts, I want us all to agree first that this place used to be one of hundreds of WISMA that housed girls… wait… is the term girls appropriate yes? Anyway girls.

4. Novel

Novel is a long prose essay containing a series of story a person's life with the people around him by highlighting the character and nature of each actor (KBBI Online, 2016).

Example Paragraph in Novels:

• Maybe dad feels embarrassed, the salary he gets is not comparable to what mom gets. After all, how much does a factory foreman make? Meanwhile, mom rarely asks dad for money for shopping, not because she's arrogant, but mom realizes that dad's salary is only enough to cover my electricity, water, telephone, and school fees. Meanwhile, sometimes mom even often gives dad money just to hold on to.

Difference Between Scientific and Non-Scientific Work Karya

Scientific works are also known as non-fiction works, while non-scientific works are known as fiction works. Fiction is a work that is not based on the existing reality. Both scientific and non-scientific works show significant differences significant from several aspects of writing. Here are some observable differences between scientific and non-scientific works.

1. Scientific work is more methodical and systematic. That is, in the discussion material, certain methods or methods and regular steps are always used through the process of identifying problems first.
2. Scientific work is the result of a study. The results of the research are presented in the form of factual and objective discussions. That is, everything that is explained is a reality between the writings and the facts on the ground.
3. Scientific works use a variety of standard languages, with a special code of ethics for scientific writing.
4. Non-scientific works are emotive, unsystematic and more for profit.
5. Non-scientific works tend to be influential, showing judgments without accurate evidence, often persuading their readers.
6. Non-scientific works look more like hyperbole in the choice of words, because they are personal opinions.

Difference Between Scientific and Semi-Scientific Work

The difference in the types of scientific and semi-scientific essays lies in the language. In semi-scientific essays, it is more free, often using words that have connotations. other than that language in semi-scientific essays tend to be more easily understood by even lay readers. Sometimes use sentence less effective like a sentence in literature.

The three types of essays in this discussion already have their respective writing references and are intended for certain groups so that the differences are more visible. As a reader, there are various literatures on the three types of essays that can be found in several locations such as libraries, bookstores and spread on the internet. Thus it is very easy to learn this material at this time.

Thus the discussion of scientific, semi-scientific and non-scientific essays and their differences. May be useful !