Sample Essay About Environment Tentang
The impact of the flood that submerged most of Jakarta this time was truly devastating. It was recorded that more than 40 people died, around 400 thousand people, rich and poor were displaced. Public infrastructure was badly damaged, transportation wheels stopped and economic losses reached almost Rp 4 trillion. The declining ecological carrying capacity, public ignorance about anticipating flood disasters, weak government capacity, have caused the impact of floods to become so severe.
Floods have deprived citizens of their fundamental rights, namely the right to health, food, shelter, education, clean water and a sustainable environment. The poor are getting poorer, many even return to zero, because all their properties are destroyed. Construction assets that were built and maintained over the years are damaged. The wheels of business and government, stalled for a few days.
The problem of flooding in Jakarta is a classic event that keeps on repeating itself, but is always seen as not being serious and being handled partially by the government. The government is still stuttering and does not have a qualified flood prevention and mitigation pattern. In fact, disasters are increasingly occurring in the country and the government should learn from past experiences. Moreover, flood is a disaster category which is dominated by negligence and human error, so its impact should be minimized.
Even more strange, the flood occurred in the nation's capital, where the president, vice president, ministers, members of parliament, state officials and business people with assets of hundreds of billions of rupiah have offices. This is also where most of the economic, political and defense and security resources are available. As a matter of fact, with these resources, the DKI Jakarta government and the central government should have no difficulty in mobilizing them to deal with floods in order to minimize the impact on humans. However, the public can know that the flood victims were not handled properly and properly. Even the loss of life and material this year is greater than the 2002 great flood.
Ecological approach
The problem of flooding in Jakarta cannot be handled unilaterally and partially, but must use an ecological (ecosystem) and humanist approach. This approach can be applied by building understanding and cooperation between the community and the upstream (Bogor-Puncak-Cianjur/Bopuncur) and downstream (Jakarta) local governments.
The ecosystem approach means seeing the causes and effects of flooding in a single ecological space by eliminating administrative, political, social and economic barriers. The Jakarta ecosystem is one space with the Bopuncur ecosystem so that they depend on and influence each other. Spatial planning in the downstream area will not be able to adequately solve the problem if it is not accompanied by spatial planning in the upstream area.
The problem of environmental damage in the upstream is the result of economic demands legitimized by political decisions to increase the coffers of local revenue. The rate of conversion of green land in the upstream area into residential areas reaches around 10 thousand hectares every year. The era of autonomy encourages all regional governments to compete to increase revenue as high as possible by ignoring the ecological balance. Whereas the upstream area has a very important ecological function. The discourse to implement incentives and compensation policies from downstream to upstream areas becomes very relevant to be implemented immediately.
Incentive policies aim to stimulate certain parties to do something they want and disincentives are the opposite, namely to keep away unwanted behavior. Incentives can be in the form of rewards for those who carry out environmental conservation activities. Disincentives can be in the form of fines, sanctions, or penalties that can have a deterrent effect for environmental destroyers, while compensation is the amount monetary and non-monetary given to parties who have conserved the environment so that it has a positive impact on the majority Public.
If the upstream area is willing or required to allocate a certain percentage of its area as an ecological area, that means it will tightly control their economic development so that it has an impact on income, downstream areas must provide adequate incentives and compensation worth it. These incentives and compensation must be commensurate with the economic and social sacrifices that have been made by the upstream areas and sufficient to meet the needs minimum basis for the community, while disincentives are applied to upstream and downstream areas that do not heed the policy to preserve environment.
Humanist approach
The ecosystem approach must be parallel to the humanist approach. Incentive and compensation policies are also a manifestation of a humanist approach. That people living in the upstream area have the same rights to live in prosperity and sufficiency, as those living in the downstream. Incentives and compensation are efforts to increase the welfare of upstream communities by not seeing efforts to preserve the environment as a compulsion.
Another issue is that people living on the banks of the river are considered as one of the causes of the overflow of water due to the narrowing of the river channel. Those living on the edge are not an option, but because of poverty. Their relocation from the riverbanks must be followed by the provision of permanent, cheap and healthy alternative settlements. This is also related to the issue of injustice, where the rich can easily control the land and change the layout, while the poor are always blamed by the government.
The humanist approach will also encourage public participation in flood management policies regardless of social, economic, and political strata. The flood incident this time confirms that all groups make flooding a common threat and preserving the environment is a demand that cannot be postponed any longer.
Don't imagine that the pollution only comes from factory waste. Pollution can happen anywhere and from anything. One source of pollution that is still very neglected is agricultural and livestock waste. This reality does not only occur in developing countries, but also in countries that have advanced waste management systems, such as America.
In Indonesia, the impact of pollution waste agriculture and animal husbandry is especially felt in river waters. Not many realize, agricultural waste in the form of fertilizers and pesticides carried by water or various antibiotics, hormones, wasted feed, and large amounts of animal manure, can be just as dangerous as waste originating from industry.
The impact on the surrounding environment will be even more severe if small farming families who are trying somewhere, then replaced by larger companies operating hundreds of hectares of land or livestock tail.
The fact shows that the increasing volume of waste can no longer be overcome naturally by bacteria or decomposing animals in nature. In fact, once livestock manure contaminates water sources, bacteria and nutrients can harm human health. Therefore, earthworms as a waste treatment can actually be an easy and inexpensive solution. Moreover, earthworms, which have been neglected so far, live in various regions in Indonesia.
In America, the use of earthworms has become a business in itself. On the internet, for example, you can find companies that specialize in selling earthworms for various purposes from fertilizing agricultural land to breaking down organic waste from agriculture and livestock.
A company that calls itself The Yelm Earthworm & Casting Farm, for example, has even been established since 1991. This company sells not only earthworms for fertilizing or decomposing, but also a variety of free information and articles on the ecological and economic benefits of using earthworms.
The results of Trevor Piearce's research from the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Lancaster, England, further expand the use of worms even though they are of different types.
There are many types of worms belonging to the Lumbricidae family. Piearce's discovery of healthy looking Lumbricus rubellus in the toxic soil of the surrounding soil Devon Great Consoles, England, can certainly be used to manage the regional environment in Indonesia. It is no secret that there are still many mining areas in Indonesia that are not managed properly so that they are contaminated with heavy metals.
Not to mention in areas that become final disposal sites (TPA). The method of waste disposal in Indonesia that does not separate the types of waste containing metal or not. For example, bacteria and batteries have the potential to contaminate landfills in the country.
Therefore, information This worm can be one way to overcome environmental pollution in Indonesia Indonesia. The problem is, do we want it or not?