97 Use of Punctuation According to EYD and Examples

July 02, 2021
InEyd Eyd Essay Essay Coma Coma Writing Writing Punctuation Point Point

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Use of Punctuation According to Enhanced Spelling (EYD) – In writing punctuation is one of the elements that we must pay attention to. Punctuation is closely related to sound (phoneme). This is because punctuation marks affect intonation when reading a piece of writing and intonation greatly affects the interpretation of a sentence (see also: type of sentence).

Often times, we are still confused with the use of various existing punctuation marks. For this reason, here we provide a review of punctuation marks along with examples of their use based on enhanced spelling rules (EYD).

Dot (.)

As we already know, a full stop is used to end a declarative sentence, but a full stop actually has many other uses. The following are the rules for using periods according to improved spelling (EYD):

1. A full stop is used at the end of a declarative sentence.

Example:

Ani is studying at home.
Toni rejected Budi's statement.

In using a period at the end of a sentence, there are some exceptions as follows,

1.1. Dot not used at the end of the title which is the head of an essay, illustration, or table.

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Example:

Smart Consumer National Seminar (name of event)
Discussion (chapter title)
Figure 3 Animal Cell Structure
Table 6 Indonesia's participation in the 1988 s.d. Olympics. 2012

1.2. Dot not used at the end of the address of the recipient and sender of the letter, as well as the date of the letter.

Example:

Principal of SD Negeri 1 Jayakarta

Youth Street 36

Jayakarta

Jakarta 10320

2. Head of Student Executive Board

Dramaga IPB Campus

Bogor

3. 30 June 2015

4. Jakarta, November 4, 2015

2. A period is used after a number or letter in a chart, overview, or list.

Example:

I. preliminary

1.1 Background

1.2 Goal

III. Conclusions and suggestions

3.1 Conclusion

3.2 Suggestions

General Language Spelling Guide Indonesia

A. Use of Hyphens

B. Use of Punctuation

B.1 Use of full stop (.)

B.2 Use of Commas (,)

In the use of a period after a number or letter, there are some exceptions as follows,

2.1. Dot not used for numbers or letters that are already bracketed in a detail.

Example:

(RIGHT)

Anecdotal Text (see also: example of anecdote text) has the following objectives,

(1) express criticism of a phenomenon or character.

(2) entertain the reader.

(FALSE)

The functions of the national language include,

(1.) national emblem

(2.) identity national

(3.) a tool to unify the nation

2.2. Dot not used at the end of more than one digit digital numbering.

Example:

(RIGHT)

preliminary

1.1 Background

1.2 Goal

(FALSE)

preliminary

1.1. Background

1.2. Destination

2.3. Dot not used after the last number or digits in numbering a digital series that is more than one digit in the title of a table, chart, graph, or figure.

Example:

(RIGHT)

Chart 2 Structure Organization Student Executive Board

Chart 1.1 Distribution of Farmers' Income in Karangmuncang Village

(FALSE)

Picture 7. Wonowari 2 Junior High School Building

Table 1.1. Irrigation Conditions in Village Teak Babakan

3. A period is used to separate the hour, minute, and second numbers that indicate the time or period of time.

Example:

11.25:37 (11 past 25 minutes 37 seconds or 1.25 minutes, 37 seconds)
23.23 (3 hours, 23 minutes, 23 seconds)
00:34 (12 p.m. past 34 seconds)
23.49 hours (23 minutes, 49 seconds)
00.53 hours (53 seconds)

4. A full stop is used in the bibliography between the author's name, year, title of the article (which is not ends with a question mark or exclamation mark), and the place of publication for writing a bibliography in the form of book. As for writing a bibliography of an article, a period is used between the author's name, year, article title, journal name, and edition.

Example:

Satria A. 2009. Coastal and Sea for the People. Bogor (ID): IPB Pr.
Sudirman LI. 2010. party; purification of antimicrobial compound isolated from mycelia of tropical Lentinus cladopus LC4. Hayati J Biosci. 17(2)63-67.

5. The dot is used to separate the thousands or multiples thereof to indicate the number.

Example:

The number of books Raditya Dika sold reached 1,000,000 copies.
To organize the event, the government budgeted Rp 2,789,000,000.00.
The capacity of the new football stadium to be built in Bogor City is estimated to be able to accommodate more than 80,000 supporters.

In the use of a period to separate the number of thousands or its multiples, there are some exceptions as follows,

5.1.Dot not used to separate thousands or multiples thereof that do not indicate the number.

Example:

My father was born in 1956.
word punctuation contained in Big Indonesian Dictionary Language Center page 1078.
Payment can be made by transfer to account number 133007693928.

6. Punctuation marks are used for abbreviations of degrees, both academic and nobility.

Example:

Siti Raminah, S.E.
Otto Iskandar Dijaya, Ph. D.
R.A. Kartini

Commas (,)

The following are the rules for using comma punctuation according to improved spelling:

1. A comma is used between elements in an itemization or numeration.

Example:

The seminar will be attended by ministers, rectors, and other extraordinary speakers.
Wati, Indra, and Siska are three brothers.
This competition will compete for the first, second, and third place winners.

2. A comma is used before a conjunction (conjunction) which shows contradiction, such as but, but, while, and so on in equivalent compound sentences (read: examples of equivalent compound sentences).

Example:

Anita works in a private company, but the salary he received was far below average.
His father was not a bank employee, but a manager in one of the private companies.
Mother is in charge of cooking in the kitchen every day, while Ani washes the dirty utensils.

3. A comma is used to separate a clause that precedes the main clause in its writing.

Example:

In order to prevent the occurrence of crimes, the police officers raided every motorized vehicle that passed on Jalan Juanda that afternoon.
Because the lecturer has a business, today's lecture is cancelled.
When he came, I chose to stay.

As a note, for the main sentence that is written first from the subordinate clause, it is not necessary to add a period punctuation between the two.

Example:

The class was closed because the lecturer who taught was on business.
He got the highest score in the exam because he was the most diligent in class.

4. A comma is used after words or phrases that connect sentences, such as therefore, so, therefore, Therefore, Nevertheless, and so forth.

Example:

Rani is a student from an excellent school. Therefore, his parents hope to focus on studying without being distracted by other activities.
Mr. Salhan is well known by local residents. So, naturally when residents propose to be the head of the RW in the complex where they live.
Raihan had difficulty understanding the lecture material. Meeven so, he never gave up to keep learning.

5. A comma is used before and/or after an exclamation point, such as o, yes, wow, ouch, Hi, and so forth. In addition, commas are also used before and/or after greeting words, such as ma'am, Dick, Sis, and others.

Example:

Good afternoon, Dick! what can i help you with?
ouch, I forgot to bring the second practicum report.
Yes, Shinta just realized the similarities between the two bags.

6. A comma is used to separate direct quotations from other parts of the sentence.

Example:

My father said, "Four years from now, I'm waiting for a proud achievement."
"I met Tania about 4 years ago.", Diska started the story, "His mother is a teacher, while his father is in prison."
"What are you doing?" Tony asked

7. A comma is used between (a) the name and address, (b) parts of the address, (c) the place and date, and (d) the name of the place and region if written sequentially.

Example:

Brother Arya Hendrata, Jalan Beo Raya 45, North Jakarta
Dr. Ir. Lia Mulia, M.Sc.
Bukittinggi, 23 April 1987
Dramaga, Bogor, West Java

8. A comma is used to separate the part of the name that is reversed in the bibliography. In addition, a comma is also used to separate each name if a book or article has more than one author in the bibliography.

Example:

Satria A. 2009. Coastal and Sea for the People. Bogor (ID): IPB Pr.
Sudirman LI. 2010. party; purification of antimicrobial compound isolated from mycelia of tropical Lentinus cladopus LC4. Hayati J Biosci. 17(2)63-67.

9. Commas are used between sections in footnotes or endnotes.

Example:

Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana, New Grammar Language Indonesia, Volume 2 (Jakarta: People's Library, 1950), 25.
J.S. Poerwadarminta, Indonesian for Coral-writing (Jogjakarta: UP Indonesia, 1967), p. 4.

10. A comma is used between the person's name and the abbreviation of the academic degree that follows it. The use of a comma is intended to distinguish academic degrees from abbreviations of self, family, or surname.

Example:

Ayu Aji Putri Setia Utami, S.E., M.Agribuss.
Bambang S.H.

Just because of a comma, a sentence can have very different meanings.

Example:

Dara Atika, S.H. (bachelor of law, academic degree) is different from Dara Atika S.H. (Faithful Hasna, short name)

11. A comma is used before a decimal number or between rupiah and cents which is expressed as a number.

Example:

The distance from city A to city B is about 14.2 km.
Diana bought 3.5 kg of sugar.
Ima department store provide a special price for all the skirts they sell, which is Rp. 99,999.99.

12. Commas are used to enclose additional information or appositions.

Example:

Suharto, the second President of the Republic of Indonesia, is often referred to as the Father of Development.
Leiden, one of the cities in the Netherlands, offers a tourist charm of the old city for its visitors.

13. A comma is used after an explanation that is at the beginning sentence to avoid misreading or misunderstanding.

Example:

In order to introduce culture Sunda to Indonesia, BEM FEM IPB held the Bogor Art Festival.

If you don't use a comma, the sentence above will be, In order to introduce Sundanese culture to Indonesia, BEM FEM IPB held the Bogor Art Festival, which is difficult to read and understand.

Semicolon (;)

Here are some uses of the semicolon (;) for various texts:

1. A semicolon can be used instead of a conjunction to separate one equivalent sentence from another in a compound sentence.

Example:

Dad just got home; the kids still haven't slept.
Tono is in charge of preparing tools and ingredient; Wati is in charge of making pudding; Cita is in charge of selling the pudding that has been made.

2. A semicolon is used at the end of the details in the form of a clause.

Example:

Job opening for Management Trainee, with the following criteria:

(1) S-1 graduate with a minimum GPA of 3.00/4.00 (for public universities) or 3.25/4.00 (for private universities);

(2) have fluent English language skills, both written and oral;

(3) physically and mentally healthy;

(4) willing to join the program training for one year.

3. A semicolon is used to separate the details in a sentence that already uses a comma.

Example:

Here's the schedule for this morning's event:

Opening by MC;
Singing Indonesia Raya, IPB Hymn, and Mars FEM;
Message from the Chairman of the Committee; …

Each participant must choose one item from the umbrella, coat rain, or hat; camera, laptop, or smartphone; vacation to Bali, Lombok, or Yogyakarta.

Colon (:)

Following are the various uses of colon punctuation according to the Enhanced Spelling Rules (EYD):

1. A colon is used at the end of a complete statement followed by details or explanations.

Example:

Andi and Sila filled their new home with various household items: sofas, mattresses, cupboards, and so on.
Andi risked everything in this test because for him there were only two choices: pass the scholarship test to the Netherlands or return home to work on the family's rice fields.

Although used in detailing, colons are not used for explanations or details that end a statement.

Example:

(RIGHT)

To decorate the classroom, we need balloons, color corks, and also decorative ribbons.

(FALSE)

To decorate the classroom, we will need: balloons, colored corks and also decorative ribbons.

2. Colons are used after words or expressions that require description.

Example:

Chairman: Ramadhan F.N.

Secretary: Riana Putri

Treasurer: Sita Novita

3. The colon is used in the script drama or a play after a word that shows the actor in the conversation.

Example:

Youth: "This can't just be bred, Mr. Kades!"

Villager: "That's right, sir."

Youth: "Two people have died because of the shaman's behavior, sir!"

4. Colons are used between (a) volume or number and page, (b) surah and verse in the holy book, (c) title and sub-heading, and (d) name of koa and publisher in the bibliography.

Example

Horizon XLII, No. 8/2008: 8
Surah Al-Baqarah: 2-5
From Hunter to Therapeutic: Archipelago Short Story Analogy
Satria A. 2009. Coastal and Sea for the People. Bogor (ID): IPB Pr.

Hyphen (-)

The following are examples of the use of hyphens according to EYD:

1. Hyphens are used to mark the part of a word that is broken off by a line break.

Example:

In its implementation, errors often occur that are not

I don't want.

While washing in the river, Bawang Putih saved an i-

right, sir.

2. Hyphens are used to connect elements of repeated words.

Example:

pretend
back and forth
rosy

3. Hyphens are used to connect dates, months, and years written with numbers or connect letters that have been spelled one by one.

11-12-2013
Indonesia

4. Hyphens are used to clarify the relationship of words or expressions

Example:

change
Twenty-five thousand (25 x 1000)
Twenty-five-thousand (20 x 5000)

5. Hyphens are used to string together.

Example:

A-Regency, All-Central Java
2nd, 3rd
2000s, 1960s
ID card, X-ray, your ID card, my driver's license
D-3, S-1, S-2, S-3

However, hyphens cannot be used between letters and numbers, if the number indicates the number of letters, for example BP3K; LP3I; first aid kit; and so forth.

6. Hyphens are used to frame Indonesian elements with other languages, both regional and foreign languages.

Example:

to-upload
In-sowan-i

7. Hyphens are used to mark the bound form that is the object of discussion.

Example:

word post- comes from Sanskrit.
Suffix –ization the word concretization should be changed to concreting.

Dash (—)

The following are the rules for writing dashes (—) in accordance with EYD,

1. A dash can be used to limit the insertion of words or sentences that provide explanations other than those mentioned in the sentence.

Example:

Rani fell—I'm sure she was crying—from her moped and into the sewer in front of the complex.

2. A dash is used to emphasize the existence of an appositional statement or other information.

Example:

Athletes in the class of Taufik Hidayat—a gold medal winner in Greece—should receive proper appreciation from the state for their efforts to make Indonesia proud.
Theory discovery Big Bang—the theory that the universe was formed in one huge explosion—has changed our understanding of the universe.

3. A dash is used between two numbers, dates, or places to mean 'up to' or 'up to'.

Example:

23-28 January 2016
From 1997-2007
Jakarta-Bandung

Question mark (?)

Below is an example of the use of question marks in writing,

1. Question marks are used at the end of interrogative sentences.

Example:

When is Indonesia's independence day?
How many provinces are in Indonesia?

2. A question mark in brackets is used to end an expression or statement that is doubtful or not proven to be true.

Example:

Dimas Kanjeng is able to double the money (?)
There's a 'Flying Security' ghost roaming the dorm (?)

Exclamation mark (!)

An exclamation mark is used to end a sentence in the form of an exclamation or command that describes a strong emotion, earnestness, disbelief, or awe.

Example:

Student life!
This beach is absolutely beautiful!
Describe the picture in one sentence!

Ellipsis sign (…)

The following are some examples of the use of ellipsis according to the EYD rule.

1. The ellipsis is used to indicate that a sentence or quotation has a part that has been intentionally omitted.

Example:

In the 1945 Constitution, it is stated that the four goals of the Indonesian state are to protect the entire Indonesian nation and the entire homeland of Indonesia, to promote public welfare, and to...
According to … it is predicted that the world will suffer from food shortages in less than 50 years.

2. Ellipses are used to write words that are not finished in a dialogue.

Example:

“What if we… Wouldn't that be better?”
"... Yes, I have followed what they said."

In the use of the ellipsis sign, there are several writing rules that must be considered, namely,

The ellipsis is preceded and followed by a space.
For the use of an ellipsis at the end of the sentence followed by a period, so that the period will be 4 pieces.

Quotation mark ("…")

Below are the rules for using quotation marks based on EYD.

1. Quotation marks are used to enclose direct quotations that come from conversations, scripts, dialogues, and the like.

Example:

"What time is it?" Andri asked the woman beside him.
According to Article 31 of the 1945 Constitution, "Every citizen has the right to education".

2. Quotation marks are used to enclose the title rhyme, songs, films, soap operas, articles, scripts, book chapters, and others that are mentioned in a sentence.

Example:

The movie “Dr. Strange” starring actor Benedict Cumberbatch is now reigning supreme box office.
Make a review from the novel “Laskah Pelangi”!

3. Quotation marks are used to enclose terms with special meanings or scientific terms that are not well known.

Example:

In this election season, it is feared that there will be many "dawn attacks".
The practice of giving “envelopes” to officers is still common today.

Single Quotation ('…')

The following are the rules for using single quotation marks according to enhanced spelling (EYD).

1. Single quotation marks are used to enclose quotations within quotations.

Example:

"It seems I have enough time to read the novel 'Edensor' while waiting for your arrival," said Wati annoyed.
"Andreas, did you also hear the 'pluk' sound behind the tree over there?", Rey whispered fearfully at Andreas.

2. Single quotation marks are used to enclose the meaning, translation, or explanation of a word or expression.

Example:

defendant 'indicted'
punctuation 'punctuation'
thank you 'thank you'
policy 'Policy'

Brackets ((…))

Parentheses have several uses in everyday writing, here are some uses of brackets according to the EYD rule.

1. Parentheses are used to enclose descriptions or explanations.

Example:

The credit institution provides credit services with a guarantee of proof of motor vehicle ownership (BPKB).
IPB Agribusiness Students successfully held a Workshop (workshop) in seven different sub-districts in Kuningan Regency.

2. Parentheses are used to enclose information or explanations that are not the main part of the sentence.

Example:

This information (see Table 2.4) shows that there is a positive trend of Islamic investment in Indonesia from year to year.
The Singaporean artist looks charming in clothes traditional Chinese dragon pattern (Chinese mythological creature) in red carpet last night's event.

3. Parentheses are used to enclose letters or words whose presence in the text can be raised or omitted.

Example:

Ani went shopping using the Kopaja (bus).
This holiday, it is estimated that there will be a lot traveler who visited (island) Bali.

4. Parentheses are used to enclose letters or numbers that are used to indicate details.

Example:

Determination of this marketing mix considers (a) product, (b) price, (c) place, and D) promotion.
Application documents must attach

(1) Birth certificate,

(2) Letter good behavior from the police,

(3) A health certificate issued by a hospital, doctor, or health center.

Square Brackets ([…])

Square brackets may rarely be found in written texts or other manuscripts, but we also need to know the use of square brackets according to the EYD rules as mentioned below.

1. Square brackets are used to enclose letters, words, or groups of words as a sign of correction or addition to errors or deficiencies in the original manuscript written by others.

Example:

[Second Youth Congress] October 28 is a very historic day for the Republic of Indonesia so that it is commemorated as Youth Pledge Day.

2. Square brackets are used to enclose information in explanatory sentences contained in brackets.

Example:

The similarities between the two (the differences have been mentioned in Chapter II [see pages 73-74]) will be discussed in this chapter.

Slash (/)

Here are some examples of using slash punctuation marks based on the EYD rule.

1. The slash is used in writing letter numbers, address numbers, and marking the period of one year which is divided into two calendar years.

Example:

Number: 023/A.1/BEMFE/XI/2016
Youth Street III/10
2015/2016 term of service

2. Italics are used instead of the word and, or, as well as every.

Example:

student/student ‘student and student’
boiled/fried/grilled bananas ‘boiled or fried or grilled bananas’
before and/or after 'before and after' or before or after'
the price is Rp. 15,000.00/piece 'the price is Rp. 15,000.00 for each fruit'

3. Italics are used to enclose letters. word, or group of words as a correction or reduction of errors or excesses in the original manuscript written by others.

Example:

Kong/g/res Pemuda II was held on October 28, 1928, on that occasion the song "Indonesia Raya" was sung for the first time.

Abbreviation or Apostrophe (‘)

Abbreviations are used to indicate the omission of part of a word or number of years in certain contexts.

Example:

The package has been received, right? ('kan means not)
Holidays have arrived. ('lah means already)
3-3-'14 ('14 means 2014)

This is a discussion about the use of punctuation and examples. Hopefully this article is useful.