50 Active and Passive Sentences
Making sentences also requires a touch of art by the author. The art of writing includes the way a writer composes word-he said, giving affixes and making them more meaningful. Readers will not be bored when we present readings not monotonously, including in sorting out active and passive sentences. For those of you who want to attract more readers' interest by fiddling with sentences to be active or passive, please study the following study.
Active and passive sentences are division type of sentence based on the subject, and in the preparation of a sentence we do not escape from use of punctuation. Before studying active and passive sentences along with examples, we should first study the elements that make up a sentence. A complete sentence consists of the subject (doer), predicate or verb (verb), object and adverb.
- Subject (S) is a word that is part of a sentence that marks something conveyed by the speaker. Examples of subjects include I, you, he, they, we, we, they, Desi, Son, table, wood, eater, etc.
- Verbs or predicates (P) are words that are part of sentences that describe or describe actions, processes or circumstances. Examples of verbs include crying, saying, staring, kicked, eaten, swallowed, etc
- Object (O) is a person, thing, or thing that is the topic of conversation. Examples of object words include ball, door, window, rice, etc.
- An adverb (K) is a word or group of words that describes another part of a sentence. Examples of adverbs include in front of the house, in the afternoon, in the yard.
The position of the subject can be changed into the object word. And vice versa, the position of the object can be the subject. We can change the position when we understand the concept of active and passive sentences. The four sentence-forming elements described above play a role in forming active and passive sentences. Here's the explanation.
Active Sentence
The active sentence is defined as a sentence whose subject acts as an actor where the actor actively performs an action mentioned in the predicate to the object.
Active sentences have the following characteristics:
- The subject of the active sentence becomes the doer of the action
- sentences that use the active verb
- using verbs (verbs) with prefixes (prefixes) me- or ber-
- the sentence pattern is S-P-O-K or S-P-K
Based on the presence of the object or noun (noun) that accompanies it, active sentences are divided into 4 types, including:
- Transitive active sentence
Transitive active sentences are sentences that use active verbs and require an object. Transitive active sentences are divided into three:
a. Monotransitive verbs are transitive verbs that use one object.
Examples of the application of monotransitive active sentences:
Father gave Rani Rp. 20,000.00 (S-P-O-K)
Adek laughs at the cartoon Upin-Ipin (S-P-O)
b. Bittransitive verbs are transitive verbs that use two objects.
Examples of the application of bittransitive active sentences:
you give money and food for beggars. (S-P-O-Konj-O-K)
I want coffee and milk. (S-P-O-Konj-O)
c. A transitive verb is a transitive verb whose verb does not appear, but actually requires an object.
Examples of the application of active ditransitive sentences:
Maulana is home. (S-P)
Roni is fishing. (S-P)
Alvi is playing. (S-P)
- Extratransitive active sentence
Extratransitive active sentences are sentences that use active verbs that require an object, but do not use adverbs. So, this sentence has 3 sentence-forming elements, namely the subject, the predicate, and the object.
Examples of the application of the active expressive sentence:
Arum picks up a book (S-P-O)
Dad rides a motorbike (S-P-O)
Mother brought her child. (S-P-O)
- Intransitive Active Sentence
Intransitive active sentences are sentences that use the active form of the verb and the object is not shown as the recipient of the subject's treatment. In other words, this sentence avoids the use of objects. But usually this intransitive active sentence is followed by adverbs and complements. This sentence usually has an S-P or S-P-K Pattern.
Examples of the application of intransitive active sentences:
Rifki returns from Kalimantan. (S-P-K)
This afternoon, Grandma went to the market. (S-P-K)
Ani studies hard. (S-P-K)
Flowers fall. (S-P)
We must rise. (S-P)
- Active sentence is dwitransitive
Active dwitransitive sentences are sentences that use active verbs and have one predicate (verb) and require an object and adverb (complementary). The dwitransitive active sentence has four elements, namely the subject (S), verb or predicate (P), object (O), and adverb (complement). when one of the four elements is not met, then the sentence will be ambiguous, ambiguous and lose meaning.
Examples of the application of dwitransitive active sentences:
My mother sends money to my sister every month. (S-P-O-K)
Om Aan always visits his son in Singapore. (S-P-O-K)
My eldest brother drains the bathtub once a week. (S-P-O-K)
in order language In Indonesia, there are two bases used in the formation of verbs (verbs), namely verbs without affixes (affixes). but is independent because it has meaning and affixed verbs (either prefixes, infixes, confixes or suffixes) or derivative.
Based on the completeness of the verb form, active sentences are divided into several types, including:
1. Active sentences that use verbs without affixes or free root verbs.
The base verb is a verb that is in the form of a base morpheme independently.
Examples of the application of active sentences with free basic verbs:
Halwa sit in the guest chair.Hani eat sweet roasted corn in the canteen.
Ria drink orange juice during the day.
Anger go to Papua for duty.
2. Active sentences that use derivative verbs
Derived verbs are verbs that have undergone affixation, combined processes, reduplication or compound forms. Here's a concrete explanation:
a. Active sentences use prefixed verbs. Verbs with prefixes are verbs that get affixes at the beginning of the root word, for example: me, ber, men, meng.
an example of its application in the active sentence:
Arum mengcaricature image of his sister's photo. (base verb 'image')
It's October for farmers mensow rice seeds. (the root word for the verb 'sow)
Anisa berwalk to campus 1 kilometer from the boarding house. (the root word for the verb 'way')
b. Active sentences use verbs with infix affixes. Infix-affixed verbs are verbs that have affixes inserted in the middle of the root word, for example: em, el, in, er, ah.
Examples of its application in the active sentence:
Police sayelinvestigate illegal child trafficking syndicates. (the root of the verb 'sidik')
baby gemetar heard thunder. (basic verb 'vibrate')
berg hedgehog skinervery sharp teeth. (the root of the verb 'tooth')
The ant wasinconnection to food. (basic verb 'connect')
c. Active sentences use verbs with confix affixes. Confix affixed verbs are verbs that get affixes at the beginning and end of the root word, for example ke-an, ber-an, me-kan, per-an.
Examples of its application in the active sentence:
Daughter joins mecrowdedright August 17th memorial carnival. (the root of the verb 'crowded')
Jokowi must join meone by oneright conflict in Papua. (the root verb 'one')
d. Active sentences use suffixed verbs. Verbs with suffixes are verbs that get affixes at the end of the root word, for example -i, -nya, -man, -an, -wan, -wati.
Examples of its application in the active sentence:
Fathur came to the tower every day. (the root verb 'come')
Mother watered it every morning. (the root word for the verb 'flush')
Hero callan for people who fight for the nation and the country. (the root verb 'to mention')
3. Active sentences that use duplicated verbs. Duplicated verbs are verbs that undergo repetition of the root word.
Examples of its application in the active sentence:
We should be sick first have fun later. (basic verbs 'sick' and 'happy')Rizki waved his hand. (basic verb 'lambai')
Bad memories haunted his mind. (base verb 'shadow')
4. Active sentences using compound verbs. Compound verbs are verbs that consist of two basic words.
Examples of its application in the active sentence:
Beta thanks you for your help. (basic verbs 'thank' and 'love')Politicians confuse personal issues with office issues. (base verb 'mix' and stir)
One of my goats breeds to 10. (basic verbs 'anak' and 'pinak')
Passive sentences
Passive sentence is a verb where the position of the subject has the role of sufferer, result or target from object. In general, active sentences can be changed into passive sentences by changing the affixes of the verbs in the sentence. However, there are active sentences that cannot be used as sentence passive (anti-passive).
The conditions that can be changed from active sentences to passive sentences include:
- Active sentences that have an object (transitive active sentences)
- Not a command sentence (command)
- Not a fun sentence
Passive sentences have the following characteristics:
- The subject of the passive voice becomes the object of the object.
- The subject of the active sentence is exposed to the action/treatment of the object.
- sentences using passive verbs
- using verbs (verbs) with prefixes (prefixes) di- or ter-, ke-an
- the sentence pattern is S-P-O or S-P-O-K
The following are passive sentences that use derived verbs. As explained earlier, derived verbs are verbs that have undergone affixation, combined processes, reduplication or compound forms. Here's a concrete explanation:
1. Passive sentences use verbs with prefixes. Verbs with prefixes are verbs that get affixes at the beginning of the root word, for example: di, ter.
examples of its application in passive sentences:
sister photo caricature inimage by Arum. (base verb 'image')
This October, rice seeds insown by the farmers. (the root word for the verb 'sow)
There are a lot of gravel on the road near the Semarang intersection. (the root word for the verb 'way')
Lutfi's inedible sponge bread. (the root verb 'to eat')
My body is held up by rocks. ( root verb 'hold')
Mohammad Ali was punched by his co-star to lose. (the root word for the verb 'boxing')
My skin was scratched by nails until it bled. (the root verb 'scratch')
My path was slowed by a group of students going to school. ( root verb 'slow')
My sister was locked by me in the house. (the root verb 'key')
2. Passive sentences use verbs with infix affixes. Infix-affixed verbs are verbs that have affixes inserted in the middle of the root word, for example: em, el, in, er, ah.
Examples of its application in passive sentences:
Illegal child trafficking syndicateselinvestigated by the police. (the root verb 'vibrate')
Melga was surprised by Ratna who came suddenly. (the root verb 'climb')
The baby is turned over by the mother to practice on her stomach. (the root word for the verb 'tungkup')
My son inflated the balloon until it burst. (the root word for the verb 'bloated')
My mother covered my hair with a thick hat. (the root word for the verb 'kudung')
Earthquake victims are still being crushed by buildings. (the root verb 'to collapse')
3. Passive sentences use verbs with confix affixes. Confix affixed verbs are verbs that get affixes at the beginning and end of the root word, for example ter-i, per-an, di-kan, di-i, per-i
Examples of its application in passive sentences:
Grobogan Tourism has been explored by travelers. (the root word for the verb 'roam')
My clothes were stained with lizard droppings. (the root word for the verb 'stain')
The bear is covered with thick fur (the root word for the verb 'sheath')
The body was interred in the Heroes Cemetery. (base verb 'earth')
My second cellphone is valued at IDR 400,000.00 by the buyer. (the root word for the verb 'price')
If a match, we will be reunited. (the root word for the verb 'temu')
Android apps need to be updated by their users. (basic verb 'new')
The community throws the garbage into the river until they are flooded. (base verb 'waste' and 'landa')
Patients with Dengue Fever have been treated by doctors. (basic verb 'medicine')
The Ministry of Education and Culture is chaired by Minister Muhadjir Effendy. (the root of the verb 'chairman')
My heart is hurt by your attitude over and over again. (the root verb 'sick')
4. Passive sentences use suffixed verbs. Verbs with suffixes are verbs that have an affix at the end of the root word, for example -i
Examples of its application in passive sentences:
The house of the suspected terrorist was visited by the State Intelligence Agency this afternoon. (the root verb 'come')
Mother watered flowers every morning. (the root word for the verb 'flush')
The thief's guilt was forgiven by the victim. (the root word for the verb 'forgiveness')
5. Passive sentences that use duplicated verbs. Duplicated verbs are verbs that undergo repetition of the root word.
Examples of its application in passive sentences:
Money is wasted by people who do not appreciate its value. (the root verb 'scatter')
The ball was kicked by a child until it was damaged. (the root word for the verb 'kick')
My mind is haunted by past memories. (the root word for the verb 'shadow')
Susi tore the paper to pieces. (the root verb 'torn')
6. Passive sentences using compound verbs. Compound verbs are verbs that consist of two basic words.
Examples of its application in passive sentences:
Politicians confuse personal issues with office issues. (basic verb 'mix' and 'mix')
Seaweed is cultivated by people who live around the coast. (basic verbs 'mind' and 'daya')
Asus Zenfone 2 laser begins to be traded by manufacturers in Indonesia Indonesia starting in 2015. (basic verbs 'sell' and 'buy')
Java chickens are bred by Javanese breeders for profit. (basic verbs 'flower' and 'biak')
Sorting out active and passive sentences is indeed useful to attract readers' interest. With the variety of sentences that the author has presented above, I hope you understand more about its use. Of course understanding must be accompanied by implementation. Have fun practicing using active and passive sentences. May be useful.