Types of Antonyms in Indonesian
According to Suladi (2014), what is meant by antonyms is the opposition of meaning in lexical pairs that can be leveled. In general, antonyms have the following characteristics.
- Antonyms are full of gaps (mostly adjectives and some verbs).
- Pair level members show several characteristics of variables such as length, speed, accuracy, and so on.
- To indicate somewhat/more and more, pair members moving in opposite directions, the length of the scale indicates the level of the relevant variable trait.
Furthermore, Suladi explained that antonyms can be divided into five, namely as follows.
- Absolute opposition
Absolute opposition is an absolute contradiction of meaning, such as life and die.
- Polar opposition
Polar opposition is a contradiction that is not absolute, but is graded or there are levels of meaning in words.word that. Examples of polar opposition include: rich-poor, big-small, far-close, long-short, high-low, light-dark, broad-narrow.
- relational opposition
In this relational opposition (relationship), the meanings of the opposite words are complementary. That is, the presence of one word because there are other words that are in opposition. Without the presence of these two, this opposition does not exist. Examples of relational oppositions include:
buy-sell, husband-wife, backward-forward, round-trip, pair-recede, give-take, teaching-learning, father-mother, teacher-student, top-down, north-south, employer-labor.- Hierarchical opposition
The meaning of the word in opposition to this hierarchy expresses a series of levels or levels. Therefore, these opposing words are words in the form of the name of the unit of measure (weight, length, and content), the name of the unit of calculation and calendar, and the name of the rank level. Examples of hierarchical opposition include meter-kilometer, quintal-ton, soldier-officer. This multilevel opposition is also known as a stratified antonym.
- Compound Opposition
A compound opposition is a word that is in opposition to more from one word, like standing with the words sitting, lying down, lying down, squatting. This compound opposition is also known as compound antonym.
Thus a brief review of the types of antonyms. Other articles that can be read and related to the word and its meaning include antonyms and example sentences; examples of antonyms, synonyms, and hyponyms; example sentences of synonyms and antonyms; example of hypernym in a sentence; examples of hypernym and homonym sentences; various meaning relationships in Indonesian; meaning of words, meanings of terms, and expressions; types of word meaning; example of word meaning; and types of meaning shift. May be useful. Thank you.