21 Melodic Instruments: Examples, Functions, Ways, Pictures
Understanding Melodic Musical Instruments
A melodic instrument is a musical instrument that usually sounds a melody in a song, usually this instrument cannot play chords alone.
In another sense, is a musical instrument that has a rhythm or tone, generally its function is to set the tone of a music or song.
Melodic instruments are one of the elements of musical art that make it feel alive. His trademark is a softer tone and quite comfortable to hear when relaxed.
Well, if this instrument has tone and rhythm. In a song, there are notations, such as do re mi fa sol la si do. This melodic instrument can play these notes, from nand do to si.
Functions of Melodic Instruments
Each type of instrument has a specific function that makes it suitable for a particular type of music. Likewise with melodic instruments that have so many important functions to activate the tone and rhythm of music.
This instrument has the pitch and rhythm you all know in songs in the form, re, mi, fa so, la, do. These instruments can be called basic and rhythmic instruments.
A song or music will not be complete if it is not accompanied by an instrument because its function is to set the tone and rhythm. While the accompanist refers to a rhythmic musical instrument that can be said to be a tool without a rhythm or tone.
How to Play a Melodic Instrument
Here's how to play a melodic instrument, including:
- Picked examples such as harp, mandolin, guitar and sasando.
- Blow, for example, like the flute and the piano.
- Pressed for example like accordion and piano.
- Shake, for example, like angklung.
- Swiped, for example, like a violin.
- For example, smoked like a harmonica.
Examples of Melodic Instruments
The following are examples of melodic musical instruments, including:
Piano
The piano itself was born from a desire to combine the beauty of the clavichord with the power of the harpsichord. That passion prompted Marius of Paris (1716), Schroter of Saxony (1717), and Christofori (1720) of Padua, Italy, to make pianos. However, the complete and complete result was only shown by Bartolomeo Christofori. It is from the piano created by the harpsichord and spinet keeper at the Florentine Palace – the residence of Prince Ferdinand de'Medici – that the modern piano has its roots.
accordion
While most people can conjure up a mental image of an accordian, many can't realized that there are several kinds of accordions, developed over the years for the musical genre certain. As a free reed instrument, the opening and closing of the bellows of an accordion (or squeezebox) causes air to flow over the reed, which makes the sound. An accordion also has buttons, or both buttons and a keyboard. This serves to direct the airflow to certain reeds and not others, thereby controlling the notes played.
piano
Pianika can be played by pressing but with blowing, the scales are the same as ordinary musical instruments do re mi fa so la si do and are blown upright.
Recorder
The record was popular in the Middle Ages through the Baroque era, but declined in the 18th century in favor of orchestral musical instruments, such as the flute, oboe, and clarinet. The recorder was revived in the 20th century, in pursuit of the historic feat of early musical proclamation, but also because of its suitability as a simple instrument for teaching music and its appeal to players amateur. At this time, the recorder is often considered a child's tool, but there are also professional players who show their expertise in playing recorders of various tracks and songs.
Guitar
During the Renaissance, the guitar was unpopular and unpopular. However, after Alonso Mudarra began to introduce this instrument through his works, people immediately became interested in listening to and playing the guitar.
In the 17th century or Baroque period guitar strings were added to five, each in pairs, this allowed players to play more complex and broad music.
harp
The traditional musical instrument, the harp, is a classic musical instrument that always colors some of the arts in this Sundanese land. Making kecapi is not an easy thing. Although at first glance the harp looks like a simple musical instrument, but making it is not easy. For the raw material, it is made of Kenanga wood which is first soaked for three months. While the strings, if you want to produce a good tone, must be made of suasa wire (a mixture of gold and copper), such as the harp made in the past. Since the current atmosphere is expensive, the strings of the Kecapi now use steel wire.
Violin
The violin is a stringed instrument that is played by swiping. The violin has four strings (G-D-A-E) that are tuned differently from each other by a fifth perfect interval. The lowest note is G. Among the violin family, namely the viola, cello and double bass or counter bass, the violin has the highest note. Another string instrument, the bass, technically belongs to the viol family. Musical paper for the violin almost always uses or is written in the key of G.
Harmonica
The harmonica is the easiest instrument to play. Just blow and suck the harmonica will make a pretty good sound. The harmonica comes from a traditional Chinese musical instrument called 'Sheng' which has been in use for about 5000 years since the Nyu-kwa empire.
The modern harmonica was invented in 1821 by Christian Friedrich Buschmann. A simple wind instrument consisting of vibrating plates of metal arranged horizontally with an unfavorable design and providing only chromatic wind notes.
Angklung
Angklung is one of the traditional Indonesian melodic musical instruments whose name is worldwide because it has a unique shape and way of playing.
Angklung is a traditional musical instrument from the Sunda region of West Java. This musical instrument is made of bamboo. An angklung produces notes by shaking it.
The sound produced is caused by the impact of the body of the bamboo pipe, so the sound vibrates in a sequence of 2, 3 to 4 tones in each size of the angklung, both small and large.
In his book Dictionary of Sundanese, published in 1862 in Batavia, Jonathan Rigg wrote that angklung is a musical instrument made of bamboo pipes.
The bamboo is cut at the end like a pipe in an organ, then tied together in a frame and vibrated to produce sound.
necklace
In addition to the angklung, a musical instrument made of rows of bamboo that sounds when shaken is the calung. This instrument is generally played with the angklung, because this sound produces a pentatonic sound that is very suitable to be combined with the instrument.
Bonang
Bonang barung is one of the Javanese gamelan instruments. Bonang is divided into two types, namely bonang barung and bonang successor. How to play bonang is to be nailed at the top.
Bonang is a typical Javanese musical instrument with 5 types of notes that are usually played with gamelan. This tool is very similar to the typical Minangkabau Talempong.
Flute or Flute
A flute is a musical instrument that can be sounded when we blow on one end. The first time this musical instrument was introduced from the West Java region. The main material for making the flute itself is from selected bamboo, then how to play it can be combined with other musical instruments.
Because it is able to issue beautiful tones and notations, this instrument is a melodic instrument.
Sasando
The origin of this instrument is from East Nusa Tenggara, precisely Rote. Residents there named it by the name sasandu which means vibrating or sounding. How to play a musical instrument by picking.
People from Rote themselves have been using this instrument since the 7th century AD. Usually this musical instrument is used for entertainment media and accompaniment during local community activities. Each of the strings and strings of this instrument produces a different tone.
There are 3 types of sasando that we usually know, namely violin sasando, gong sasando, and electric sasando. Each type of Sasando has a different way of playing.
Talempong
Talempong (also known as Cak Lempong in Malaysia) is a traditional percussion instrument typical of the Minangkabau tribe. The shape is almost the same as the bonang instrument in gamelan instruments. Talempong can be made of brass, but some are made of wood and stone. Currently talempong of the brass type is more widely used.
Talempong is a circle with a diameter of 15 to 17.5 centimeters, with a hole at the bottom while at the top there is a protruding roundabout five centimeters in diameter as a place for hit. Talempong has different tones. The sound is produced by a pair of wood hitting its surface.
Talempong is usually used to accompany performance or welcoming dances, such as the typical Plate Dance, Pasambahan Dance, Alang Suntiang Pangulu Dance and Wave Dance. Talempong is also used to sing music to welcome special guests. This Talempong play requires carefulness starting with the do scale and ending with si. Talempong is usually performed to the accompaniment of an accordion, an organ-like musical instrument that is pushed and pulled with both hands of the player. Apart from the accordion, instruments such as saluang, gandang, serunai and other traditional Minang instruments are also commonly played with talempong.
In Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, Talempong is known by the name Calempong. Negeri Sembilan has been visited by Minangkabau tribes who migrated from West Sumatra in the 15th century AD and is the only state in Malaysia that practices the Lareh Bodi Caniago system.
Fiddle
Fiddle (Arabic الربابة or ابة – “bow (instrument)”), also rebap, rabab, rebeb, rababah, or al-rababa) is a type of stringed instrument so named no later than the 8th century and spread through more Islamic trade routes from North Africa, the Middle East, parts of Europe, and the East Far. Some varieties often have stalks at the bottom so the fiddle can rest on the ground, and are thus called stalk fiddles in certain areas, but there are plucked versions such as kabuli rebab (sometimes referred to as robab or rubab).
The fiddle size is usually small, the body is round, the front is covered in a membrane like parchment or sheepskin and has a long neck attached. There is a long thin neck with a pegbox at the end and there are one, two or three strings. No toneboard. This musical instrument is made upright, either resting on the lap or on the floor. The bow is usually more curved than the violin.
The fiddle, although valued for its tonality, has a very limited range (a little more than an octave), and was gradually replaced in much of the Arab world by the violin and kemenche. It is related to the Iraqi instrument, the Joza, which has four strings.
The introduction of the rebab to Western Europe has probably coincided with the conquest of Spain by the Moors, on the Iberian Peninsula. However, there is evidence of the existence of this instrument in the 9th century as well in Eastern Europe: 9th century Persian geographers Ibn Khurradadhbih cites the Byzantine lira (or lūrā) as a typical Byzantine bow musical instrument and its equivalent with rabab Arab.
Kolintang
Kolintang or kulintang is a musical instrument consisting of rows of small gongs placed horizontally. This instrument is played accompanied by a larger hanging gong and drum. Kolintang is part of the Southeast Asian gong culture, which has been played for centuries in the Eastern Malay Archipelago – the Philippines, East Indonesia, East Malaysia, Brunei and Timor. This musical instrument evolved from a simple signaling tradition to its present form. Its usefulness depends on the civilization that uses it. With influences from Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and the West, Kulintang is a growing gong tradition.
In Indonesia, Kolintang is known as a wooden percussion instrument originating from the Minahasa region of North Sulawesi. The wood used to make Kolintang is light but strong local wood such as Egg wood (Alstonia sp), Wenuang wood (Octomeles Sumatrana Miq), Cempaka wood (Elmerrillia Tsiampaca), Waru wood (Hibiscus Tiliaceus), and the like which have construction parallel fiber. Kolintang name comes from his voice: keg (low tone), Ting (high pitch) and pliers (regular tone). In the local language, the invitation "Let's do TONG TING TANG" is: "Mangemo kumolintang". The invitation finally turned into a word kolintang.
Mandolin
The mandolin is a musical instrument that can be played by picking it just like a guitar. The basic difference between this instrument and the guitar is that it has more strings than the guitar.
The function of this musical instrument is very much, including as an accompaniment to the rudat dance and various traditional songs, even if it is combined with other types of musical instruments. The first time this instrument appeared in Italy and then a lute soprano named Mandore inherited it.
Hobo
Hobo, which is a wind instrument with a soft voice with double vibrating tongue. The pitch ranges up to two and a half octaves. Hobo is known since the time of Ancient Egypt. In the 18th century, this instrument appeared in chamber music or concertos. Hobo is divided into three types, namely hobo cast anglais, hobo diamore, and hobo today. We can hear the works that feature many musical instruments in the works of Bellini, Berio, and Rossini.
Trumpet
Trumpet is a wind instrument that can emit a fiery sound produced by the amount of energy used to play fanfare but also due to the narrow metal tube, cylindrical bore and wide mouthpiece and expand. Jazz musicians make use of all the sounds produced by trumpets and trombones. By playing these two instruments, it is hoped that it will produce a charming solo game.
Saxophone
The saxophone is a metallic wind instrument with a wide range of tones and expressive abilities. The saxophone was invented by Adolphne Sax in 1846. There are four types of saxophone, namely soprano, alto, tenor, and baritone saxophone. All four can form a quartet which is equivalent to a string quartet.
Clarinet
The clarinet is a wind instrument developed by Theoblad Boem with a high and sonorous tone. The clarinet began to be used in orchestral music and military bands in the mid-18th century.
That's a review of 21 Melodic Musical Instruments: Definition, Examples, Functions, Methods and Pictures. Hopefully what has been reviewed above is useful for loyal readers TeacherEducation. That is all and thank you.
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