Understanding the Atmosphere, Layers and Its Utilization (Complete)
Understanding the Atmosphere, Layers and Its Utilization (Complete) – Of course we all have often heard the word atmosphere, but in reality many of us still don't know the definition of the atmosphere and its uses. The atmosphere is one of the important things for our beloved earth, we must protect the atmosphere for various reasons.
Understanding the Atmosphere, Layers and Its Utilization (Complete)
If you want to know the complete discussion of the atmosphere, let's look at the review below.
Understanding the Atmosphere
The word atmosphere itself comes from the word atmo which means air while the word sphere means layer. So the meaning of the atmosphere is the layer of air that envelops the earth that has a certain nature. Meanwhile, air is a transparent object that has several forms of radiation, is colorless and odorless, tasteless and cannot be touched, unless it is moved by the wind.
Air is mobile, can be compressed, and can expand. The atmosphere consists of various elements that are very useful for life, which include the following:
- Nitrogen – N2 (78%) can be used as an ingredient in fertilizer.
- Oxygen – O2 (21%) for respiration.
- Argon – Ar (0.98%) is very important in the fluorescent lighting industry.
- Carbon dioxide – CO2 (0.03%) is needed in the photosynthesis process of plants.
- Neon – N (0.0018%).
- Helium – He (0.0005%).
- Ozone – O3 (0.00006%).
- Hydrogen – H (0.00005%).
- Krypton – K (very little).
- Xenon – X (very little).
- Methane – M (very little).
Ozone is useful for life on earth because it can absorb and reflect ultraviolet rays from the sun so that the earth and life on it can be protected from the heat of ultraviolet rays which have very high burning power.
The gaseous elements present in the air are mixed in a relatively constant ratio with a height of up to 50 km. This can happen because all of these gases are needed, consumed by living things, but also produced by other things. The atmosphere is also very useful as a climatological process.
Atmosphere Layer
The following are the layers of the atmosphere:
Troposphere (0-12 km)
The troposphere is a layer which is at the bottom, the height of the troposphere is not the same as the location depending on the shape on the earth's surface. Weather phenomena (clouds, typhoons, lightning, storms and rain) occur in the troposphere.
Stratosphere (12-60 km)
The layer of the atmosphere above the tropopause is the inversion layer, which means higher air temperature (hot) which goes hand in hand with increasing altitude. Also called isothermic layer. This increase in temperature can occur because the ozonosphere layer absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun. At the top of the stratosphere is bounded by a temperature discontinuity surface which is also called the stratopause. The layer in the stratosphere is above the troposphere until it reaches a height of 50 km. The temperature of the stratosphere will also increase with increasing altitude.
Mesosphere (60-85 km)
The mesosphere is a protective layer of the earth from falling meteors and has a temperature of 500 to 700, As happens in the troposphere, the mesosphere also experiences a decrease in temperature with each increase height. The boundary that marks the end of the mesosphere is called the mesopause.
Thermosphere (85-500 km)
In the thermosphere, ionization of gases due to solar radiation also occurs, so this layer is known as the ionosphere. Thanks to these ionized gases, signals on radio communication from the earth's surface can be reflected back to the earth, so that communication activities can run smoothly. In this layer there are also polar rays (auroras) that appear at dawn or evening.
Exosphere (>800 km)
This layer is the outermost layer of the earth, the influence of gravity on this layer is very small. The main gas content contained in the ecosphere layer is hydrogen. The air density is also getting thinner, which is almost finished on the verge of outer space.
Functions and Benefits of the Atmosphere Layer
The function of the atmosphere is as a shield for the four gas elements from the earth's gravity as well as defense and protection from external attacks. The composition of these four elements is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.03% carbon dioxide and 0.9% argon.
In simple terms the function of the layers of the atmosphere are:
- Earth protector. The atmosphere layer is to keep the temperature on the earth stable and keep the weather and air humidity on the earth stable.
- As a balancer of conditions inside and outside the earth.
- To reduce the feeling of heat given directly by the sun.
- As a protector of the earth from meteor attacks and from other space objects.
- Keeping the gravity of the earth remains stable.
The point is the function of the atmosphere as a regulator of the process of receiving heat from the sun. By absorbing sunlight and then reflecting the heat from the sun. About 34% of the 100% of the heat from the sun that is reflected will be returned to space with the help of the atmosphere, clouds and the earth's surface. Then around 19% will be absorbed by the atmosphere and clouds.
And the remaining 47% reaches the surface of the earth, which means that the heat that reaches our skin has been absorbed or filtered by the atmosphere and clouds. Not only the four gaseous elements, there are other elements that envelop the earth's atmosphere, which include water vapor, neon, krypton, hydrogen, xinon, and ozone.
You need to know that this layer of the atmosphere is surrounded by a very thick layer, the thickness of which reaches thousands to tens of thousands of kilometers from the planet to outer space. The atmospheric layer on planet Earth has a thickness ranging from 1000 km from the surface and the bottom of the earth and has a mass of 59 x 1014 tons. In order to know the distance between the atmosphere and the earth's surface, it is necessary to use a radiosonde, this is used specifically at a distance of 30 km down.
Whereas in measurements above 30 km - 90 km can only use rockets. Meanwhile, measurements above 90 km use satellites. One of the branches of science that deals with the atmosphere is called Meteorology. Meteorology is a branch of science that studies the atmosphere or layers of air that cover the planet (including Earth).
Not only that, the benefits of the atmosphere include:
- As a protector of the earth from the threat of space objects that fall to earth caused by the force of gravity of the earth.
- As a protector of the earth from ultraviolet radiation which is very dangerous for the life of living things on earth with the ozone layer.
- There are various kinds of gas content needed by humans, animals and plants that are useful for breathing and other purposes such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and so on.
- Weather media which can affect wind, rain, typhoons, clouds, snow, storms and others.
That's a glimpse of our brief explanation of Understanding the Atmosphere, Layers and Its Utilization (Complete), hopefully can increase your knowledge. Thank You ?
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