√ Definition of chloroplasts, function, structure and how they work
Understanding Chloroplasts, Function, Structure and How They Work - On this occasion Regarding Knowledge will discuss the meaning of chloroplasts. This discussion explains the meaning of chloroplasts, their parts, functions, structure and how they work briefly and clearly. To understand it more easily, see the following article about the meaning of chloroplasts.
Understanding Chloroplasts, Function, Structure and How They Work
In the plant system there are several forming structures, one of which is chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are organs in cells found in plants. This part functions to carry out photosynthesis in plants.
The definition of chloroplasts is an organelle that has a double membrane. Almost every type of plant has it, but it is not common in all cells. If there is, then each cell can have 1 or even more plastids.
Generally, chloroplasts in higher plants such as flowering plants and fern plants are like discs which have a diameter of around 2×5 mm and sometimes larger. The chloroplasts are composed of a single layer in the cytoplasm and sometimes change their shape and position, this is due to the intensity of light.
Adult cloplasts specifically have a stromal membrane where the dark reaction occurs during photosynthesis. Within the stroma there are a number of grana, each part of which consists of a stack of thylakoids in the form of bubbles that have membranes, discs and flattened. The thylakoid membrane stores photosynthetic pigments and the electron transport system found in the photosynthesis phase which is very dependent on sunlight.
Chloroplast Function
The function of chloroplasts is the site for the process of photosynthesis which requires sunlight energy absorbed by chlorophyll so that it can be converted into chemical energy. Then it is stored in the form of carbohydrates or other organic compounds that are important and needed by plants.
The reaction that occurs in photosynthesis is the ATP formation reaction which involves 2 transports, namely electron transport and hydrogen transport in compounds such as NADH and Cytochrome.
Chloroplast Structure
The following are parts of the chloroplast structure, including:
Outer Membrane
The outer membrane in the chloroplast structure is a very permeable membrane. This membrane is a type of cell membrane through which all substances, whether liquid or solid, can pass without exception.
Space between membranes
The intermembrane space is the part of the chloroplast that forms a barrier or boundary between the wild or inner membrane. The intermembrane space is located between the outer and inner membranes which separates them into 2 different parts.
Inner Membrane
The inner membrane is the part of the chloroplast which functions as a barrier between the stroma and cytosol.
Stroma
The stroma is the inner membrane that encloses the chloroplast fluid. The stroma is where the dark reaction occurs. The stroma is also the basic material (matrix) of chloroplasts where photosynthesis occurs which stores the results of photosynthesis in the form of starch (starch).
Thylakoid
Thylakoids are part of the inner membrane which function as a site for light reactions and play a role in capturing sunlight as a process of photosynthesis.
Granum
Granum is the part in the form of a collection of thylakoids stacked like coins. Granum has a membrane system which functions as a site for light photosynthesis reactions.
Plastid DNA
Plastid DNA is the part of the chloroplast that carries the genes that carry traits in plastids. This functions as a replica of chloroplasts and chloroplast cell division. In this section there is DNA which has a circular shape and does not have histones, where in one chloroplast there are 20-100 circular DNA.
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are part of the inner membrane of chloroplasts which have the function of protein synthesis.
Plastoglobula
Plastoglubola is a chemical compound contained in chloroplasts which is composed of lipids in the form of globules.
Starch
Starch or starch is a product produced from plant photosynthesis.
How Chloroplasts Work
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis where part of the photosynthesis reaction occurs on the internal membrane in the organelle. Chloroplasts contain many internal membranes, making photosynthesis very efficient.
Internal membranes that stack on top of each other. Photosynthesis is a biochemical process carried out by living creatures with chlorophyll to produce usable energy (nutrients) by utilizing light energy. This photosynthesis is one way of assimilating carbon because in photosynthesis the free carbon from CO2 is bound (fixed) into sugar which is an energy storage molecule. Below is a brief chemical reaction from the photosynthesis process
12H2O + 6CO2 + light → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 + 6H2O
That's the explanation about Understanding Chloroplasts, Function, Structure and How They Work, hopefully it can be useful and broaden your insight.
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