Definition of Ciliates, Characteristics & Classification (Complete)

September 27, 2023
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Definition of Ciliates, Characteristics & Classification (Complete) – still discussing biology again, this time we will discuss ciliates. Surely many people don't know about ciliates and ask what are ciliates?

Therefore, here we will discuss ciliates and can help those seeking knowledge and those who want to understand biology, including ciliates. For this reason, you must read and listen to the review of this article. To easily understand, let's start discussing ciliates.

Definition of Ciliates, Characteristics & Classification (Complete)

Let's discuss the meaning of ciliates carefully first.

Understanding Ciliates

Ciliates are single-celled protists and their body surface is covered with vibrating hairs. Ciliata comes from the word cillium which means vibrating hair, while ciliophora can move using cilia or vibrating hair. So ciliates and also ciliophora are animals that can move using hair tools vibrates or cilia, and at some stage of life they are used as a means of locomotion and also for searching food.

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The cilia themselves are shorter than the flagellum, and have two nuclei. Namely the macronucleus or large nucleus which controls the functions of daily living RNA, and is important for asexual reproduction. And micronuclei or small nuclei that exchange during conjugation for the process of sexual reproduction. And contractile vacuoles were also found which have the function of maintaining water balance in the body.

Characteristics of Ciliates

Ciliates also have characteristics and several characteristics that can differentiate other types of protozoa. So that we can understand more clearly what the characteristics of ciliates are, let's look at them below.

Has heterotrophic characteristics
Moves using cilia (vibrating hairs)
In general, it has a microscopic size, but there are also species that have a size of 3 mm so they can be seen with the naked eye
Binary fission
Helps the movement of food towards the cystoma
Found in all parts of the cell and also in certain parts
It has an oval body shape and does not change or remain fixed
Live freely in a watery environment, whether in sea water or fresh water, which contains a lot of organic substances
Live parasitically, symbiotically and some also live in the wild
There are two cell nuclei, namely the macronucleus and the micronucleus

Classification Of Ciliates

The following is a classification of ciliates.

1. Paramecium

A type of ciliate that is blunt at the front end and tapered at the back so it looks like a shoe or sandal

2. Vorticella

A type of ciliate that has a bell-like shape and also has long stems with a straight or spiral shape and has cilia around its mouth. It lives in fresh water, attached to stems which are contractile and also fibrous. Its food is bacteria or remnants of organic material that enter simultaneously through the gaps in its mouth.

3. Didinium

This type of ciliate is a predator in aquatic ecosystems, namely it is a predator of pramecium

4. Stentor

This type of ciliate has a shape like a trumpet and also lives in stagnant or flowing fresh water. The food of this animal is ciliates which are smaller in size.

5. Balantidium Coli

This type of ciliate is the largest in the largest intestine and is also the only group of human ciliates that is pathogenic and also causes balantidiasis or ciliate dysentery. This type of ciliate can be found in tropical or sub-tropical areas.

The Role of Ciliates

Ciliates also have roles that can be both beneficial and detrimental. Let's discuss the roles of ciliates in the next section.

The beneficial role of ciliates such as Didinium which is similar to stemmed kettles which have a role as predators in fresh water
The detrimental role of ciliates such as Balantidium coli which lives as a parasite in the human intestine which can cause stomach disorders and can also cause bloody diarrhea.

That is the explanation that has been given regarding Definition of Ciliates, Characteristics & Classification (Complete), ciliate, a protist whose body is covered with vibrating hairs which are useful for movement, hopefully useful.

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