Race is: Definition, Types, Classification and Examples
Race is: Definition, Types of Race, Classification and Examples – In this discussion Regarding Knowledge will explain about Race. Which includes the definition of race, types of race and examples, as well as the classification which is discussed completely and lightly. For more details, please read the review below carefully.
Race is: Definition, Types of Race, Classification and Examples
Let's discuss the meaning of race first carefully
Race
The word race comes from the French and Italian "razza" to describe and describe groups of people who can be differentiated according to their physical characteristics. The original use of the term race is thought to have appeared around the early 1600s. Frangois Bernier, a French anthropologist, first put forward the idea of human differentiation based on physical categories or characteristics, in the form of skin color and facial shape.
The term race in life can be applied in a variety of different fields. For example, in the United States, the legal pillar uses the term "race" in determining the background of a suspect in a legal matter and redrawing certain objects that have not been identified.
Additionally, throughout society, classification based on “race” follows the rules of the social stratification model. For social scientists who study social inequality, “race” is an important factor. As a sociological element, the category “race” can be limited to describing subjective explanations, including self-profile and related social institutions.
Understanding Race
Race is a classification system used to classify humans into groups or categories are large, and vary according to inherited place names, geography, physical characteristics and ethnicity.
In general, other definitions of race are based on biological characteristics rather than groupings based on social structural characteristics. It can be interpreted that race is a group of residents of an area who have certain hereditary characteristics that are not the same as residents of other areas.
Understanding Race According to Experts
The following is the definition according to experts, namely:
Banton
The definition of race is a characteristic that indicates a role, as well as physical proportions that are used as rules to indicate various existing roles. Race can be defined physically and socially. Physical race includes visible physical conditions, while society includes frequently performed cultural roles as well as customary roles and elements.
Grosse
The meaning of race is a social group of humans who are united because of the inheritance of similar physical and spiritual characteristics, so that they can be differentiated from different entities.
Gill and Gilbert (1988)
Race is a biological characteristic of humans that can explain a group of humans who can be classified based on physical characteristics produced in the reproductive process. In the social reality that exists in society, race is usually used as a kind of social status, which is explained from a cultural and not a biological point of view.
Types of Race
The types of races that exist in the world according to A.L Krober are divided into four types, namely as follows:
Mongoloid race
Is a type of race with yellow skin. National groups that include the Mongoloid race include:
- American Mongoloids include: the Eskimos in North America to the Terra del Frugo people in South America.
- Malayan Mongoloig, namely: Southeast Asia, Malaysia and the Philippines, the Indonesian Archipelago
- Asiatic Mongoloid includes: North Asia, Central Asia, East Asia
Negroid Race
Is a type of race with black skin. National groups included in the Negroid race include:
- African Negroid (African Continent)
- Melanesia (Papua and Melanesia)
- Negrito (Central Africa, Malay Peninsula, Philippines)
Caucasian race
Is a race with white skin. National groups that include the Caucasian race include:
- Nordic (Northern Europe around the Baltic Sea)
- Mediterranean (Around the Mediterranean, North America, America, Arabia, Armenia, Iran)
- Alpine (Central Europe and Eastern Europe)
Unclassifiable Special Breeds
These races include:
- Ainu (Kurufoto Island and Hokaido in northern Japan)
- Polynesian (In the Islands of Micronesia and Polynesia)
- Australoid (Native Australians)
- Veddoid (Inland Sri Lanka and South Sulawesi)
Types of Race in Indonesia
In Indonesia there are several types of races, namely:
1. Melanesoid (Negro Melanesian)
The ethnic groups included in this race are Papuans and Maluku people.
2. Malay Mongoloids
This type of Indonesian race is located in central and western Indonesia.
3. Residents of Foreign Descent
This group includes descendants of Chinese (Mongol race), Arabs, Pakistanis and Indians (Caucasoid race).
Racial Classification
Racial classification or racial division can be done by looking at physical signs or physical characteristics. These physical characteristics include:
- Body shape
Basically, body shape is not a big deal in racial divisions. You could say the average height of an adult is 150-178 cm.
- Head Shape
Head shape can be calculated by calculating the head index. In this way, head width x head length x 100.
- Shape of the Facial and Lower Jaw Bones
In terms of facial shape and lower bones, there are five things you need to pay attention to, namely:
- The shape of the cheekbones looks prominent, as in East Asians, some Russians, South Pacific people and Indians.
- Prognathism or degree of facial and facial projection
- The width of the face or the maximum distance between the two cheeks. Facial length is the maximum distance between the boundaries of the forehead bone and the nose bone and the lower center of the upper jaw bone. The facial index can be obtained by dividing the length and width of the face multiplied by 100.
- Teeth are less useful in examination, because the shape of teeth in humans is not much different.
- Ancient humans and modern humans have very visible differences. Ancient humans did not have a chin bone, this bone developed in humans at a higher level of evolutionary development.
- Nose Shape
The lifestyle index can be obtained by dividing the length and breadth of life by 100.
- Skin Color, Hair Color and Eye Color
Human skin color can basically be divided into white and black. Apart from that, there are other skin colors, such as the white Nordic race, the yellow Chinese race, tan in the Dravidian race, brown in the Polynesian race, and brown in the black race. The types are black, brown, gold, white and light yellow. There are black, brown, blue, green and gray eye colors.
- Hair Shape
There are various shapes in human hair, including straight, curly, and curly, woolly and wavy hair.
Example of Race
-
Mongoloid race
Examples of the Mongoloid race include: Indigenous people from Europe, parts of Africa and Asia. -
Negroid Race
Examples of the Negroid race include: Native people of Africa, parts of Asia -
Caucasian race
Examples of the Caucasian race include: Indigenous people from the Northern European region around the Baltic Sea, Central Europe, Eastern Europe, North Africa, Arabian Armedia, Iran -
Special Race
Examples of special races include: Inland residents of Sri Lanka, residents of the island of Karafuto, Hokkaido, Japan
Thus has been explained about Race is: Definition, Types of Race, Classification and Examples, hopefully it can increase your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read our other articles.
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