Understanding genes, components that make up genes and their complete functions

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Understanding genes, components that make up genes and their complete functions – Genes that we know about every day are inherited traits. What is meant by genes in detail? Below we will discuss clearly the meaning of genes, the components that make up genes and their functions.

Understanding genes, components that make up genes and their complete functions

Let's discuss the complete meaning of genes first carefully

Understanding Genes

The term gene has been popularized by Yohansen in 1909 which is considered the smallest unit in a cell that has a role in determining hereditary traits (heredity). Genes are inherited through the reproductive process by individuals to their offspring along with the DNA that carries them. It is now known that the development of molecular genetics is very rapid, and still consists of several constituent components that are very influential in gene activity.

According to Hunt Morgan, an American geneticist & embryologist, stated that genes are the substance of heredity, namely a chemical unit that has the following properties:

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  • Genes are compact particles & contain genetic information.
  • The role of genes is very important in regulating development, individual metabolism and inheritance or hereditary traits.
  • Each gene occupies a gene locus (chromomere) on the chromosome.

Components of Genes

There are three components that make up genes, namely:

Recon
A recon is a smaller component of a gene and consists of only one or two pairs of nucleotides.

Muton
Muton is a component that has more than two nucleotides.

Sistron
Cistrons are components consisting of hundreds of nucleotides.

Understanding Genes, Components of Genes and Their Functions

Gene Function

The functions of genes include:

  • Regulates and controls body development and individual metabolism.
  • Passing genetic information from generation to generation.
  • Determining heredity or inheritance of traits in offspring.

Maybe that's the end of our brief discussion about it here Understanding Genes, Components of Genes and Their Functions, hopefully the article above can be useful for all of us and can increase our insight into what genes are. That is all and thank you.

Source: Biology for Class XII High School, Erlangga publisher

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