Understanding Ground Water and Its Types (Complete Discussion)
Understanding Ground Water and Its Types (Complete Discussion) – Water and soil are two different elements, but it turns out there is a term where these two elements are combined in one meaning. What is the meaning of groundwater? Is groundwater water mixed with soil? Let's discuss it here.
Understanding Ground Water and Its Types (Complete Discussion)
Let's discuss the meaning first carefully.
Understanding Ground Water
Groundwater is water contained in soil pores or in rock crevices. Ground water is formed from rainwater. When it rains, some water droplets seep into the ground (infiltration). The incoming rainwater becomes a groundwater field. The volume of water that seeps into the soil depends on the type of rock layer. Based on this fact, there are also two main types of rock, namely impermeable layers and non-permeable soil layers.
The pore content of the impermeable or impermeable layer is very small, so its ability to transmit water is also small. Examples of impermeable layers are galuh, marl and clay. Meanwhile, the pore content of the non-waterproof or water-permeable layer is quite large. Therefore, the ability to transmit water is also large. Examples of permeable layers are sand, clay, gravel and lime.
Various Types of Ground Water
There are several types of groundwater, here are the explanations:
According to location
Groundwater can be divided into two, namely surface groundwater (phreatic) and deep groundwater.
- First, surface ground water (phreatic) is ground water that is found above layers of soil/rock that are impermeable. The water in wells, rivers, lakes and swamps is of this type.
- Deep ground water is ground water that is found under layers of soil/rock that are impermeable. To obtain this type of groundwater, drilling must be done. Drilled or artesian wells are an example of a well whose water comes from deep soil.
According to origin
Groundwater can be divided into groundwater that comes from the atmosphere (space) and groundwater that comes from deep within the earth.
- Ground water that comes from the atmosphere is called meteoric water, namely ground water that comes from rain and snowmelt.
- Originating from within the earth, for example turbir groundwater (i.e. groundwater stored inside sedimentary rock) and juvenile groundwater, namely groundwater that rises from magma when the gases are released through hot springs.
Groundwater Sharing
Groundwater is divided into 4 areas, namely:
1. Areas still affected by air
At the top of the earth's surface there is a layer of soil that contains water. Due to the influence of gravity, the water in this area will be free to move downwards. Plants use water in this layer to support their survival.
2. Water saturated area
This area is called the well depth area. The depth of this region depends on topography, soil type and season.
3. Air capillary region
This area is a transition between the air-affected area and the water-saturated area. Ground water is obtained from the capillaryization process (upward seepage) and water saturated areas.
4. Deep water area
This area contains water that is found under soil/rocks that are impermeable to water.
That's our brief discussion about Understanding Ground Water and Its Types (Complete Discussion)Hopefully, from the explanation above we will understand more about what groundwater is and its types. Thank you 🙂
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