√ Definition of Thalamus, Function, Structure, Parts & Location (Complete)
Definition of Thalamus, Function, Structure, Parts & Location (Complete) – In this review we will explain about the Thalamus or Thalamus. Which includes the meaning, function, structure and parts, as well as the location of the thalamus with a complete and easy-to-understand discussion.
Definition of Thalamus, Function, Structure, Parts & Location (Complete)
For more details, please see the explanation below carefully.
Definition of thalamus
The thalamus or thalamus comes from the Greek language which means inner space. The thalamus is a structure located in the center of the brain. More precisely between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. The thalamus is the largest structure in the diencephalon, or a part of the brain that is located between the midbrain (mesencephalon) and the forebrain (telecephalon).
The function of the thalamus gland is to transmit sensory and motor signals related to wakefulness, sleep and alertness to the cerebral cortex. Or in short, the function of the thalamus is to send relay sensory messages from the body to the brain and also regulate the level of consciousness. The thalamus is a sub organ of the diencephalon.
Another understanding of the thalamus is part of the limbic system and as a connecting area of the cerebral cortex responsible for the control of movement and sensory perception with other parts of the brain related in function the same one.
Functions of the Thalamus/Thalamus
The main function of the thalamus gland is to convey information related to consciousness, sleep cycles and alertness. In addition to the above, the thalamus also has a function as a transmitter and forwarder of information about sensory receptors such as sight, hearing, touch and taste except smell.
The thalamus is usually described as a relay station. That's because almost all sensory information (except smell) that is passed on to the cortex first stops at the thalamus before being sent to its destination.
The thalamus is divided into several nuclei that have functional specializations for handling certain types of information. Sensory information travels to the thalamus and is routed toward the nuclei adapted to play a role in the types of sensory data.
Then, the information is sent from the nucleus to the appropriate area in the cortex where it is further processed.
Structure and Parts of the Thalamus/Thalamus
The thalamus is located at the top of the brainstem, near the center of the brain. The thalamus consists of a bulb-shaped mass divided in two about 5.7 vm in length and symmetrically left and right.
The thalamus receives nutrients and oxygen from the 4 branches of the posterior cerebral vessels. The thalamus contains lamellae, which are myelinated nerve fibers.
The thalamus is one part of the complex nuclear system, along with the Hypothalamus, Epithalamus, and Prethalamus (Ventral Thalamus) and Dorsal Thalamus. Some of the nuclei present in the thalamus include the following:
- Anterior Thalamus Nucleus. Enter the limbic system that channels stimulation to the cingulate cortex.
- Anterior Ventral Nucleus. It is related to the corpus striatum.
- Lateral Ventral Nucleus. Has the function of receiving nerves from the globus pallidus and cerebellum and also secreting fibers that travel to the cerebral cortex.
- Posterolateral Ventral Nucleus. It is the station where the spinothalamic tract and medial lemniscus synapse, which then travel to the cerebral cortex.
- Center Medianum. It relates to the starting corpus.
- Medial Nucleus. It pertains to the hypothalamus and frontal lobe
- Pulvinar Nucleus. It pertains to the occipital lobe and the parietal lobe.
- Medial geniculate body. Is a liaison station for conducting auditory stimuli.
- Reticular Formation. This is the anatomical substrate of consciousness.
The thalamus is directly related to the hippocampus (ie the part of the cerebrum which is located in the temporal lobe) via the mammillo thalamic pathway. And it also communicates with the cerebral cortex via thalmocortical channels.
Location of thalamus/thalamus
The location or location of the thalamus in humans is at the top of the brainstem. The average human brain weighs about three pounds. The top is divided into two halves. The lower part of the brain is connected to the spinal cord by the brainstem. The thalamus is located at the top of the brainstem which consists of constellations of two parts commonly referred to as lobes.
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