√ Definition of Temperature Measuring Instruments, Functions, Types and Working Methods (Complete)
Definition of Temperature Measuring Instruments, Functions, Types and Working Methods (Complete) – In this discussion we will explain about temperature measuring instruments. Which includes the meaning of temperature measuring instruments, the functions of temperature measuring devices, various types of temperature measuring devices and the workings of temperature measuring devices which are explained in full and lightly. For more details, please see the review below carefully.
Definition of Temperature Measuring Instruments, Functions, Types and Working Methods (Complete)
Let's discuss the meaning of a temperature gauge first carefully.
Definition of Temperature Measuring Instruments
Temperature is the degree of hotness of an object. Hot objects have a higher temperature than cold objects. Basically the sensory organs (skin) cannot accurately determine the temperature of objects, only according to estimates and feelings of the subject. This is because the sensory organs have limitations, one of which cannot be used to touch objects that are too hot or too cold
The instrument for measuring temperature is a thermometer. The thermometer uses the thermometric properties of a substance, namely the change in the properties of the substance due to changes in the temperature of the substance. The thermometer was originally invented by Galileo Galilei (1564-1642). This thermometer is called an air thermometer. The air thermometer is composed of a glass tube which is complete with a long glass tube. Next, the pipe is dipped in a colored liquid.
When the glass ball is heated, the air in the pipe will expand causing some of the air to come out of the pipe. However, when the ball is cooled, the air in the pipe will shrink, causing some of the water to rise into the pipe. Air thermometers are very sensitive to changes in temperature so that the air temperature at that time can be known immediately. Although sensitive to changes in temperature, this thermometer must be corrected every time there is a change in air pressure.
The thermometer that is often used today is the mercury thermometer. It can be called a mercury thermometer because there is mercury in the thermometer. The function of mercury is as a temperature indicator. Mercury expands when the thermometer touches an object that is heavier than mercury. Mercury has several advantages, including:
- Sensitive to temperature changes. The temperature of the mercury will be the same as the temperature of the object to be measured.
- Do not wet the glass wall so that measurements can be more accurate
- Can be used to measure low temperatures (-40 °C) to high temperatures (360 °C). This is because the freezing point of mercury reaches -40 °C and the boiling point reaches 360 °C.
- Expands and expands regularly
- Shiny like silver makes it easier to see
Apart from mercury, alcohol can also be used to fill thermometers, with the advantage of being able to measure very low temperatures (up to -130 °C) due to the boiling point. alcohol has a lower freezing point than mercury, but an alcohol thermometer cannot be used to measure boiling water because the boiling point of alcohol is only 78 °C.
Types of Temperature Measuring Instruments (Thermometers)
The various types or types of temperature measuring instruments which are also called thermometers are as follows:
Thermometers Based on Liquid Substances
Room Thermometer
Room thermometers are generally mounted on the wall at home or office. The room thermometer functions to measure the air temperature at one time. The scale of a room thermometer is from -50 °C to 50 °C. This scale is used because the air temperature in some places can reach below 0 oC, for example in Europe. While on the other hand, the temperature never exceeds 50 °C.
Laboratory Thermometer
This tool is often used to measure the temperature of water that is being heated or cold water. Laboratory thermometers use alcohol or mercury as temperature indicators. Mercury is inserted into a very small pipe (capillary tube), then the tube is covered with a thin glass. This is so that heat can be absorbed quickly by the thermometer.
Clinical Thermometer
A clinical thermometer can also be called a fever thermometer. This thermometer is used by doctors to measure the temperature of the patient's body. In a healthy state, the human body temperature is around 37°C, but when you have a fever, your body temperature can exceed that number, even reaching 40°C.
The scale on this type of thermometer is only from 35 °C – 43 °C. This is because it is adapted to human body temperature, body temperature is not possible below 35 °C and more than 43 °C.
Six-Bellani thermometer
The Six-Bellani thermometer can also be called the maximum-maximum thermometer. This type of thermometer can record the highest temperature and lowest temperature within a certain time range. This thermometer has 2 liquids, namely alcohol and mercury in one thermometer.
Thermometers Based on Solid Materials
Bimetral thermometer
The bimetral thermometer uses metal to show if there is a change in temperature on the principle that metal expands when heated and overtakes when cooled. The bimetral head is spiral shaped and thin, while the bimetallic spiral end is held so that it cannot move and the other end is attached to the edge of the pointer.
The greater the temperature, the more curved the bimetallic pieces and make the needle point to the right, towards the larger scale. Bimetal thermometer often found in a car.
Resistance Thermometer
Resistance thermometer is the most suitable thermometer for use in industry as a measure of temperatures above 1000 °C. This thermometer is made on the basis of changes in metal resistance, such as platinum resistance thermometers.
The resistance thermometer contains an inhibitor wire which is touched to the object whose temperature is to be measured, for example in the processing of iron and steel. A constant value of voltage or electric potential is applied along the thermistor, which is a sensor made of metal with resistance that increases when heated.
thermocouple
Temperature measurement with high precision can be carried out using a thermocouple, which is a electric voltage is generated when two wires made of different metals are connected to form a wire loops.
The two connections have different temperatures. To increase the amount of electric voltage that is obtained, several thermocouples can be connected in series to form a thermopile.
Gas Based Thermometers
Gas thermometer is a type of thermometer that utilizes the thermal properties of gases. There are two kinds of gas thermometers, namely Pyrometer and Infrared Thermometer
Pyrometers
The working principle of the pryrometer is to measure the intensity of radiation emitted by objects with very high temperatures. Pyrometer can be used to measure temperatures between 500 °C – 3000 °C.
Infrared Thermometer
Infrared thermometer is used by pressing the button until it shows the highest lift by directing the infrared beam in the intended direction. The light directed at the object being measured will reflect and the reflection will be responded to by the instrument so that the infrared thermometer shows the correct temperature scale.
Thus has been explained about Definition of Temperature Measuring Instruments, Functions, Types and Working Methods (Complete), hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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