Organic Waste: Definition, Impact on the Environment and How to Process It.
Organic Waste: Definition, Impact on the Environment and How to Process It – What is organic waste?? Waste is also known as trash. Waste is divided into two, namely organic and inorganic waste. This time we will discuss what organic waste is and the things around it. For more details, let's see below.
Organic Waste: Definition, Impact on the Environment and How to Process It
The definition of organic waste is waste that can be broken down again by bacteria. The definition of organic waste itself comes from various kinds of remnants of human, animal and plant activities. Organic waste or waste itself can be recycled again into various kinds of things useful, for example animal or human waste that can be used as fertilizer or as gas source.
Examples of organic waste include excrement from living things, leaves, carcasses, cardboard, paper, leftover food. Organic waste can also be processed and used for handicrafts, which of course is done creatively in order to be able to produce high-value handicraft products.
Types of Waste
To better recognize organic waste, it would be better for us to know the types of waste first below:
Waste by Source
There are 6 types of waste based on the source, namely:
- Industrial waste, which is derived from the results of an industrial activity
- Domestic waste, originating from household activities as a result of consumption by members of the occupants of the house
- Mining waste, waste products can usually be in the form of mining materials, metals, and also rocks.
- Agricultural waste, comes from the results of agricultural processes, for example when fertilizing, wasted liquid fertilizer flows into rivers or irrigation canals and causes water pollution and can become toxic.
- Tourism waste, derived from tourism products produced by means of transportation, tourist vehicles throw waste into the air and will cause pollution.
- Medical waste, comes from health activities, from hospitals, pharmacies, clinics and the like. This waste is produced from remaining medicines, and other types of chemical waste.
Waste Based on Its Characteristics
The next type of waste is based on the nature of the waste. This type can be divided into 2 types namely:
- Ordinary waste: An example of ordinary waste is organic waste, this waste can produce pollution that can damage nature, but can be broken down by bacteria or by nature itself. This type of waste can cause damage on a small scale or on a large scale. This type of waste is included in the types of waste that we often encounter in everyday life.
- Hazardous and toxic waste or also commonly referred to as B3 waste: has corrosive properties, easily flammable, explosive, toxic, and harmful to the surrounding environment, and a threat to survival life.
Waste Based on Its Form
The types of waste based on their form can be divided into 3 types, namely liquid waste, solid waste, and gaseous waste.
Types of Organic Waste
Organic waste comes from living things, both humans, animals and plants. Organic waste itself is divided into:
Wet-Organic-Waste
Wet organic waste consists of the remains of animal or vegetable scraps resulting from the processing and manufacture of decomposing food.
Dry Organic Waste
While materials that include dry organic waste are for example paper waste, wood or tree branches, and dry leaves.
Due to Organic Waste
The following are some of the consequences of organic waste, consisting of:
Effects on Health
The health hazards that can be caused are as follows:
- Diseases of diarrhea, cholera, typhus spread quickly because the viruses that come from garbage with
- Improper management can mix with drinking water. Dengue fever (haemorhagic fever) can also increase rapidly in areas where waste management is inadequate.
- Fungal diseases can also spread (eg skin fungus).
- Diseases that can spread through the food chain. One example is a disease that is transmitted by tapeworms (taenia). This worm previously entered the livestock digestion through its food in the form of leftovers or garbage.
- Toxic waste: As reported from Japan approx 40. 000 people died as a result of consuming fish that had been contaminated with mercury (hectogram). This mercury comes from waste dumped into the sea by factories that produce batteries and accumulators.
Effects on the Environment
- Liquid seepage of waste that enters the drainage or river will contaminate the water. Various organisms including fish die so that some species will disappear, this causes changes in the biological aquatic ecosystem.
- The decomposition of waste dumped into the water creates organic acids and liquid organic gases, such as methane. Not only does it smell unpleasant, this gas can explode in large concentrations.
Waste Management Principles
The principles that can be applied in dealing with waste including organic waste known as 3R are:
Reduce (Reduce)
Minimizing objects or materials used, in this case, the more you use the material, the more waste will be generated.
Reuse (Reuse)
Sorting several items that are still suitable for use by avoiding the consumption of several items that are used once and then discarded or single use.
Recycle (Recycle)
Using and reprocessing items that are thought to be useless or unused for recycling.
Benefits of Organic Waste
If it has undergone decay, one of the main benefits of this waste can increase soil fertility. Garbage decomposed by germs can be a natural fertilizer for the soil. Generally, this fertilizer is called manure or compost depending on the source of the waste. Other uses include cardboard or paper which are then recycled into works of art so that they can be sold at high prices. Or, the excrement of living things that have been successfully converted into gas energy that is used when cooking.
Organic industrial waste in Indonesia is generally in the form of palm oil mill waste (PKS). PKS waste continues to increase along with the growth of the palm oil industry which is increasing so that the quantity and waste The solid produced also continues to increase, therefore it requires standardized management of industrial solid waste (Asbudi, 2012).
Simple Organic Waste Treatment Method
Composting Using Plastic Drums
Composting using plastic drums is very suitable for processing household waste.
Materials And Equipment Used :
- Modified (perforated) plastic buckets or drums with a minimum capacity of 100 kilograms.
- Liquid bioactivator or bioactivator on.
- Raw materials for organic waste (meat scraps, bones, fish needles, leftover fatty foods, milk, dog and cat feces, etc.).
Making Method:
- Chop raw materials to dimensions of 2-5 centimeters.
- Sprinkle the OrgaDec 0.5% bioactivator over the raw materials, stir until well blended.
- Flush with water until 50-60% humidity is obtained, immediately put it in a plastic drum.
- Incubation for 1-2 weeks, depending on the raw material.
- On the third day or the eighth day, you need to try stirring or turning it over manually so that aeration in the drum takes place properly.
Production of Express Active Compost (24 hours)
Materials And Equipment Used:
- Dry straw, dry leaves, husks, sawdust, or any organic matter that can be fermented (20 parts).
- Finished compost (2 parts).
- Bran 1 part.
- Dectro adjusted to the dose (5 tablespoons).
- Water adjusted to the dose (20 liters).
Create Method
- Chop or grind the raw materials for compost until it is rather smooth, then combine it with the finished bran and compost.
- Dissolve Dectro in water.
- Thoroughly pour the Dectro solution into the raw material mixture until the water content reaches 45-50%.
- Stack the combination of raw materials on top of the dry tiles with a height of 30-35 centimeters, then cover with a gunny sack.
- Maintain temperature 40-60 C.
- After 24 hours, the active compost will soon be fermented and ready to be used as organic fertilizer.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Organic Waste, Hope it is useful.
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