√ Understanding the Rutherford Atom, its advantages and disadvantages
Understanding the Rutherford Atom, its advantages and disadvantages - On this occasion About Knowledge going to talk about the Rutherford Atom. Which in this discussion explains the meaning of the Rutherford atom, the theory, its advantages and disadvantages briefly and clearly. For more details, see the following article.
Understanding the Rutherford Atom, its advantages and disadvantages
The electrons in an atom can be bound to the atomic nucleus by electromagnetic forces. From several groups of such atoms can also be related to each other, and can also form a molecule.
Atoms that contain the same number of protons and electrons are neutral, and those that contain a different number of protons or electrons that are positive or negative are often referred to as ions.
These atoms are also grouped based on the number of protons and neutrons contained in the atomic nucleus. The number of protons in the atom will determine the chemical element of the atom, and the number of neutrons determines the isotope of a particular element.
Understanding Atoms
This atom is a basic unit of matter, which consists of an atomic nucleus and also a cloud of negatively charged electrons that will surround it. The atomic nucleus consists of protons which are positively charged, or neutrons which have a neutral charge.
Ernerst Rutherford's Basic Atomic Theory
After John Dalton's Atomic Theory was disproved and later corrected by Jj. Thomson stated that the atom is like Raisin Bread. Then it was Rutherford's turn to refute the truth of Thomsom's atomic theory.
At that time Rutherford said that the atom has a central core or often called a nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons having a negative charge.
Rutherford's atomic theory was based on the experiment of shooting gold plate atomic nuclei at alpha particles which is often known as the Geiger-Marsden experiment. at that time, Rutherford was going to devise designs for experimental bombardment of gold atoms by alpha particles that had been emitted by radioactive elements.
It turns out that some of these radioactive rays have been reflected, deflected, or also forwarded. Rutherford then explained that if the alpha particle hits the atomic nucleus. Then there will be collisions that cause deflection or reflection of alpha particles. This is due to the mass and charge of the atom concentrated in the nucleus.
Rutherford then suggested that the charge of the atomic nucleus would be proportional to the atomic mass in SMA/atomic mass units. Alpha particles that hit the electron cloud will not be deflected or reflected.
From the results of his understanding through his experiments, Ernerst Rutherford finally concluded that:
- Most of the volume of the atom is empty space.
- Atomic mass will be concentrated in the atomic nucleus (nucleus).
- The atomic charge can be concentrated at the center of the atom with a fairly small volume.
- The multiple of the charge is proportional to the mass of the atom.
Through his statement E. This Rutherford could deny that the atom is not like a raisin bun. But like the arrangement of planets orbiting the sun. Where the sun will be likened to a positively charged central core (nucleus) or the arrangement of the planets which will be likened to a negative charge.
Therefore, Dalton's and Thomson's atomic theory has its strengths and weaknesses. Atomic theory E. Rutherford has its strengths and weaknesses. Below are the advantages and disadvantages of atomic theory E. Rutherford.
The Strengths and Weaknesses of Ernerst Rutherford's Atomic Theory.
The advantages and disadvantages of Ernest Rutherford's atomic theory are as follows:
The Advantages of Ernerst Rutherford's Atomic Theory
- Easy to understand to be able to explain very complicated atomic structure.
- Can explain the shape of an electron trajectory around the atomic nucleus.
- Can describe the motion of electrons around the nucleus.
Disadvantages of Ernerst Rutherford's Atomic Theory
- Rutherford's atomic model has not been able to explain where the electrons are located and also how they rotate about these atoms.
- These electrons can emit energy when they move, so that the energy of the atom becomes unstable.
- Could not explain the line spectrum on the hydrogen atom (H).
Thus the explanation about Understanding the Rutherford Atom, its advantages and disadvantages. Hopefully it can be useful and add to your insight. Thank You.
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