Art: Definition, Functions, Types, Branches and Basic Characteristics
Art: Definition, Function, Types, Branches and Their Basic Characteristics – What is meant by Art? On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss what art is and the things that surround it. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.
Art: Definition, Functions, Types, Branches and Basic Characteristics
Art is an expression of human feelings which has an element of beauty in it and is expressed through it a medium that is real, both in the form of tone, form, motion, and poetry, and can be felt by the five senses man.
There are also those who argue that art is all things created by humans that contain elements of beauty and can affect the feelings of others.
In essence, art is the result of one's inner activity which is expressed in the form of works that can affect human feelings.
Etymologically, art is derived from Sanskrit, namely Sani which means worship, offering and service. In other words, art is closely related to religious ceremonies which are also called art.
Definition of Art According to Experts
Aristotle
According to Aristotle, art is a form of expression and appearance that never deviates from reality, and that art imitates nature.
Plato
According to Plato, art is an imitation of nature and everything in it (ars imitator naturam).
Herbert Read
According to Herbert Read, art is an expression of pouring observations and experiences associated with feelings, physical and psychological activity into works.
Ki Hadjar Dewantara
According to him art is the result of beauty that can move one's feelings about beauty for those who see it. Therefore, human actions can influence in growing beautiful feelings that is art.
Ira Ardianti
Art is a process and a product of selecting media, a rationale for the use of that media, and a set of values that determine it what is appropriate to convey through expression through the media, whether in the form of ideas, sensations, feelings, or beliefs in the most effective way possible.
Koentjaraningrat
Art is a complex of ideas, notions, values, norms, and rules which are complex patterned activities and actions of humans in society and are usually tangible objects results man.
William A. Haviland
Art is the creative use of the human imagination within a group of people with a particular culture.
Nandawan L. Hasanah
Art is an expression shown by humans which has an element of beauty which is then expressed in a real medium and can be enjoyed by all five human senses.
Thomas Munro
Art is a man-made tool that creates psychological effects on other humans who see it in the form of responses.
Emmanuel Kant
Art is a dream because formulas cannot represent reality.
Indonesian Encyclopedia
According to the Indonesian Encyclopedia, the notion of art is the creation of all things, because of its beauty, people are happy to see or listen to it.
Art Function
The following are functions of art and can be divided into two groups, namely:
Functions of Art for Individuals
Meanwhile, individually, art has a function as a means of fulfilling their needs. The forms of these needs include:
- Art as a Tool for Fulfilling Physical NeedsHumans are creatures that have the ability to appreciate the beauty and use of various objects.
- Art as a Tool for Meeting Emotional NeedsEmotion is a feeling in human beings, be it feelings of joy, anger, sadness, emotion, love, hate, and others.
The Function of Art for Social
Humans are social beings who have a need for interaction with other people and their environment.
- Art as a Media of Religion/Belief
- Art as an Educational Media
- Art as Information Media
- Art as a medium of entertainment
Types of Art
Art can be easily enjoyed through the media of hearing (audio art), sight (visual art), and a combination of the two (audio visual art). In general, art is divided into several groups, including:
Music Art
Is a work of art that uses sound as its main element. In addition, in music there are also other elements such as harmonization, melody, and notation. Apart from musical instruments, the sound of music also comes from humans, for example a cappella or beatbox.
Art
Fine art is a work of art that can be enjoyed through the medium of sight, or visual art. Fine arts focus on works that have a form and appearance that are expressed in the form of paintings, drawings, sculptures, handicrafts, multimedia, and others.
Dance Arts
Dance is an art form that utilizes body movement as beauty. A dance director (choreographer) can convey certain intentions or messages through dance movements. In general, dance is combined with music. That way, the concentration and consistency of dance movements becomes more perfect in conveying messages and feelings.
Literary Arts
Literary art is an art form that is enjoyed through the media of hearing and sight. Through the art of literature in words, one can convey messages and impressions in a beautiful way. Examples of literary arts include poetry (sound) and calligraphy (writing).
Theater Arts
Theatrical art is an art that visualizes imagination or depicts one's thoughts. The results of the imagination relate to the behavior of living things, both individually and in groups. Some of the basic abilities in theater are the ability to create scripts, understand characters, and express characters in scripts.
Arts Branch
The art of sight
- Two Dimensional Art, two-dimensional art consists of two types. The first is two-dimensional art without motion (eg drawing and painting). The second is two-dimensional art with motion (eg fireworks and film art).
- Three Dimensional ArtIn three-dimensional art, there are two types as well. The first is three-dimensional art without motion (eg carving and sculpture). The second is three-dimensional art without movement (eg dance and pantomime without music).
- Integral ArtsIntegral art is an art that combines words and tones, for example songs and songs.
Hearing art
- Tone artInstrumental music from a single instrument (eg violin and piano). The second is musical instruments from a combination of several musical instruments (eg symphony orchestras and band concerts).
- Word artIn word art, there are two types of art. Namely poetry with rhythm (eg pantun) and poetry without rhythm (eg short stories or novels).
- Integral art, namely art that combines words and tone. For example, a song.
The art of sight hearing
In the art of hearing and sight, there are three types of art. Namely the art of movement and tone (eg, dance, choreography and music), the art of movement of words and scenery (eg, drama) and the art of movement of words, scenery and tone (eg, opera).
Nature of Art
- Creative, Basically, art is the result of creative activities, namely the creation of new things that are not yet known.
- Individual, The resulting art will have the characteristic twist of the artist who created it.
- Expressive, Various expressions and emotions that come from the life experiences of an Artist will shine through in his work. The impact will be felt by the appreciator and is a form of expression of the appreciator himself on what he interprets from the artist's work.
- Eternal, The concept of a work of art that has been produced by an artist and has been appreciated by society cannot be recalled or erased by time, even though the creator has passed away. Even when works of art have been damaged by age, the basic concepts will be carried on by the legacy of the Artists.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Art, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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