Cytoplasm: Definition, Function, Structure and Parts
Cytoplasm: Definition, Function, Structure and Parts – In this discussion we will explain about the cytoplasm. Which includes the meaning, function, structure and parts of the cytoplasm with a complete and easy-to-understand discussion.
Cytoplasm: Definition, Function, Structure and Parts
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Definition of Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is the part of the cell that is protected by the cell membrane. This cytoplasm is in the form of liquid in cells that are wrapped in cell membranes. Each cell has cytoplasm, but the structure of the cytoplasm between cells is still not the same as one another, according to the function of the cell.
In the cytoplasm there is a cytoskeleton, various organelles and vesicles as well as a cytosol which is in the form of a liquid where the organelles float inside. 70-90% of the cytoplasm is a colorless liquid, the rest is the cytoskeleton (cell skeleton) and various organelles.
Cytoplasm Function
There are cytoplasmic functions, including:
- To intermediary transport of substances from outside the cell to the organelles or cell nucleus.
- The place where metabolism and synthesis take place by way of a chemical reaction
- As a storage place for nutrients and various chemical substances that can be used for cell metabolism processes
- As a solvent for all proteins and compounds in cells
- Ensuring the exchange of substances so that cells can function properly.
- Give shape to cells
- Encourage the movement of cells from one part to another.
Structure and Parts of the Cytoplasm
70-90% of the cytoplasm is cytosol, which is a colorless liquid. The cytosol contains ions such as potassium, sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, amino acids, magnesium, calcium, enzymes and proteins. The cytoplasm consists of three main structures, namely:
Cytoplasmic Matrixa
The cytoplasmic matrix is a homogeneous liquid that makes up cells that are colloidal in nature, namely a mixture of two or more homogeneous substances. The characteristics of the cytoplasm are:
- Can change phase
- Has a certain surface tension
- Has the properties of irritability (sensitive to stimuli) and conductivity (can move stimuli or impulses)
- Having the ability to reflect light and this reflection in the shape of a cone, this ability is called the Tyndall Effect.
- The motion of the particles making up this solution in a zigzag form or called Brownian motion, and also the motion of the matrix, is a current motion or what is called cyclosis motion.
- Can act as a buffer solution or buffer solution.
Cell Organelles
Cell organelles are solid objects that are in the cytoplasm and are alive or perform related cell life functions. According to its function related to cell metabolism, organelles are divided into two types, namely active organelles and inactive organelles.
Active Organelles
- Ribosomes are the site for protein synthesis
- Mitochondria, have a function in the process of oxidation and nausea
- Endroplasmic reticulum, divided into two, viz.
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: where ribosomes are attached
- Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Golgi Apparatus or Golgi Body: It functions actively in the secretion and synthesis of polysaccharides
- Lysosomes, have a role in the process of cell death
- Vacuoles (bubbles), have a function in storing food substances
Inactive Organelles
- Centrioles
- Microtubules
- Fibril-Fibril
- Microbodies
Cytoplasmic Inclusions
Cytoplasmic inclusions are non-living structures in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are usually called paraplasm or dentoplasm. This structure can be in the form of fat, oil granules, glocogen or secretory granules.
Thus has been explained about Cytoplasm: Definition, Function, Structure and Parts, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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