√ Definition of Acculturation, Forms, Factors, Impacts & Examples (Complete)
Definition of Acculturation, Forms, Factors, Impacts & Examples (Complete) – In this discussion we will explain about Acculturation. Which includes understanding, forms, influencing factors, impacts and examples of acculturation with complete and easy-to-understand discussion. For more details, please see the review below carefully.
Definition of Acculturation, Forms, Factors, Impacts & Examples (Complete)
Let's discuss the notion of acculturation first carefully.
Understanding Acculturation
Acculturation is a social process that arises when a group of people with a certain culture encounters elements of a foreign culture. Acculturation is also defined as the joining of two or more cultures to form a new culture but does not eliminate the original culture.
Understanding Acculturation According to Experts
The following is a definition of acculturation discussed by experts.
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Nardy
Acculturation according to Nardy is a social process that arises when a group of people with a particular culture is confronted with elements of that culture. foreign in such a way that foreign cultural elements are gradually accepted and processed into their own culture without causing the loss of cultural personality Alone.
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Hashim (2011)
According to Hasyim, the definition of acculturation is a combination of the two cultures that occurs in a harmonious and peaceful life.
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John W. Berry (2005:698)
Understanding Acculturation according to John W. Berry is a process of cultural and psychological change that occurs as a result of a contract between two or more groups and members of each group.
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Dwi Hayudiarto (2005:37)
The definition of Acculturation according to Dwi Hayudiarto is a social process that arises when a group of people with a particular culture is confronted with elements of an foreign culture in such a way that the foreign cultural elements are gradually accepted and processed into their own culture without causing cultural personality is lost.
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Suyono
The definition of acculturation according to Suyono is the taking or acceptance of one or several elements culture that comes from the meeting of two or more cultural elements that are interconnected or see each other.
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Koentjaraningrat
The definition of Acculturation according to Koentjaraningrat is a social process that arises when a group of people with a particular culture is confronted with elements of an foreign culture in such a way that elements of the foreign culture are gradually accepted and processed into their own culture without causing the loss of cultural personality itself.
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KBBI (Big Indonesian Dictionary)
The definition of acculturation according to KBBI is the absorption that occurs by an individual or a group of people, towards certain characteristics of the culture of other groups as a result of contact or from the interaction of the two cultural groups the.
Forms of Acculturation
The forms of acculturation are as follows:
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Substitution
Substitution is a replacement of an old element with a new element by adding more value to the wearer. -
Syncretism
The old cultural elements together with the new cultural elements form a new system. From this combination occurs in the religious system. -
Additions
Addition is an old cultural element that is added with new cultural elements so that there is added value. -
Replacement (Deculturation)
Long-lost cultural elements are replaced with new cultural elements. For example delman, or carriage which is replaced by angkot or motorized transportation. -
Origination
The existence of a new cultural element which is certainly not known to bring about major changes in people's lives. Like the inclusion of electricity to the village. -
Rejection
As a result of the process of socio-cultural change that is so fast, it has a negative impact the assessment of several community members who were not ready and did not agree with the mixing process the. For example, some people still believe in shamans.
Factors Affecting Acculturation
There are several factors that influence acculturation, including internal factors and external factors.
Internal factors
- Increase and decrease in population (births, deaths and migration)
- There are new discoveries
- Discovery, the discovery of new ideas and tools that have never existed before.
- Invention or refinement of new inventions
- Innovation or updates that are implemented in people's lives make it possible to add, complement or replace existing ones.
- Conflicts that occur in society.
- Rebellion or revolution.
External Factors
- Nature changes
- War
- Influenced by other cultures by way of diffusion (the spread of culture), acculturation (assimilation of cultures that are still visible with characteristics of each), assimilation (intermingling between cultures resulting in a completely new culture, old cultural boundaries are not visible Again)
Impact of Acculturation
Saebani (2012: 191) states, the impact of acculturation is:
- There has been a change in the perspective of social life from what was previously old to something new, such as friendly gatherings for parents who are also relatives must face to face, now this can be done via cell phones, short messages and etc.
- Changes in association occur and things that are considered taboo become more open, for example relationships among adolescents are becoming more open.
- The opening of a society's insight leads to broad knowledge, for example new discoveries that are easily known and sophisticated technology.
- Changes in mentality, shame and sophistication of society.
Example of Acculturation
The process of acculturation that exists in society shows that many results have played a role to date, starting from the art of buildings such as mosques, dining and also palaces.
The art of carving reliefs that adorn mosques, Islamic tombs and others. Calendar system, Angpaw (China), Hallowen (Europe), Thanks Giving (Europe), Valentine (Europe) and others.
Thus has been explained about Definition of Acculturation, Forms, Factors, Impacts & Examples (Complete), hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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