√ Sedimentary Rocks: Definition, Types, Examples and Formation

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Sedimentary Rocks: Definition, Types, Examples and Formation – Here we will discuss one of the elements of the earth, namely Sedimentary Rock. What is sedimentary rock? Surely many don't know, right? Let's see the full explanation.

Sedimentary Rocks: Definition, Types, Examples and Formation

Let's discuss the meaning first.

Definition of Sedimentary Rocks

Sedimentary rocks come from igneous rocks that appear on the surface of the earth from the deposition process. Sedimentary rocks can be divided into three groups, namely according to the method of deposition, according to the energy that precipitates and according to the place of deposition.

Sedimentary Rock Formation Process

Seeing how this sedimentary rock was formed, there are 3 ways that we can see here.

According to the Method of Precipitation

There are three types of sedimentary rocks according to the way of deposition, namely organic sedimentary rocks, chemical sedimentary rocks and mechanical sedimentary rocks.

  • Organic Sedimentary Rocks is rock that was deposited through rock organisms. Examples are limestone and coral.
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  • Chemical Sedimentary Rocks are rocks that are chemically deposited and change their chemical composition. Examples of stalactites and stalagmites are derived from limestone sedimentary rocks.
  • Mechanical Sedimentary Rocks is a rock that undergoes mechanical crushing from large to small without changing its chemical composition. Examples are sandstone and claystone.

According to the Energy that Precipitates It

There are three types of sedimentary rocks according to the energy that precipitates them, namely aquatic sedimentary rocks, aerial sedimentary rocks and glacial sedimentary rocks.

  • Aquatic Sedimentary Rocks originates from the deposition of rock grains by water. For example conglomerate rock.
  • Aeris Sedimentary Rock originates from the deposition of rock grains by wind. For example los soil and desert sandy soil.
  • Glacial Sedimentary Rock originates from the deposition of rock grains by glaciers. For example, moraine.

According to the place of deposition

There are five types of sedimentary rock according to the place of deposition, namely glacial sedimentary rock, fluvial sedimentary rock, limnic sedimentary rock, marine sedimentary rock and terrestrial sedimentary rock.

  • Glacial Sedimentary Rock is the deposition of rocks in areas where there is ice or glaciers.
  • Fluvial Sedimentary Rock is the deposition of rocks in river areas.
  • Limnic Sedimentary Rocks are sedimentary rocks deposited in lakes.
  • Marine Sedimentary Rocks is a sedimentary rock deposited in the sea.
  • Territory Sedimentary Rocks are sedimentary rocks that were deposited on land.

Examples of Sedimentary Rock Types

There are several types of sedimentary rocks that you need to know, here are explanations and examples.

Conglomerate Stone

Conglomerate Stone

This rock is made up of rocks, pebbles, and sand where they are bonded together. This stone is composed of material that is detached due to the influence of the weight of the stone and compacts and then binds to one another. This stone is usually used to support building materials.

Sandstone

Sandstone

We can see from the name, if the conglomerate rock above is formed from stone, gravel and sand, this stone is only formed from sand. The process of formation is also fairly the same, grains of sand that are loose and compact due to gravity, the particles are automatically bound to one another.

Limestone

Limestone

For this stone, the color is white to gray and not hard or soft, this stone can form CO2 gas when it gets acid droplets. Limestone is usually formed from the shells of dead animals such as turtles, snails, clams etc.

Shale Stone

Shale Stone

This stone is made of fine and loose material which is caused by the gravity of the solid stones and are bound to one another. This stone is unique, namely it has a distinctive smell like clay and has fine grains and various colors.

Stalactites and Stalagmites

Stalactites and Stalagmites

If you go into a cave and find a cave wall that is pointed downwards, that is what is called a stalactite and stalagmite. Both are formed from a solution of water that descends from the roof of the cave to the bottom or bottom of the cave. The water drops that fall contain lime and over time will freeze, forming stalactites.

Breccia Stone

Breccia Stone

The new breccias are rock fragments which then come back together again. These fragments originate from volcanic eruptions which are blown into the air which then fall and settle somewhere.

Claystone

Claystone

This claystone is formed from igneous rock that undergoes a weathering process which then forms clay material around the parent rock. The parent stone will enter the deposition process and then harden.

That's a little about the explanation above Sedimentary Rocks: Definition, Types, Examples and Formation. See also other stones in the next article, I hope this is useful for all readers. Thank You.

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