Exogenous Energy: Definition, Types and Examples

Exogenous Energy: Definition, Types and Examples - In the discussion this time About Knowledge will explain about Exogenous Power. Exogenous energy is energy that comes from outside the earth.

Exogenous Energy: Definition, Types and Examples

Because it comes from outside the earth, this energy has an impact that can damage the earth. For more details on how exogenous energy and its types and examples, see more carefully below.

Definition of Exogenous Power

Exogenous energy is energy originating from outside the earth with properties that damage the surface of the earth which is formed from endogenous energy. Meanwhile, exogenous energy comes from wind, water, sunlight, glaciers, and organisms which will result in weathering, erosion, sedimentation, and denudation processes. In general, exogenous energy comes from three sources, namely:

• The atmosphere, is the change in temperature and wind
• Water in the form of running water, rain showers, crashing ocean waves, glaciers and so on.
• Living things in the form of microorganisms, plants, animals and humans.

Examples of exogenous forces include cliffs or hills created by endogenous forces which are then eroded by the wind, changing the shape of the earth.

Types of Exogenous Energy

Exogenous energy is divided into several classifications, among others, as follows:

Weathering

Weathering is the process of destroying the earth's crust either physically, chemically or biologically. The destruction process that occurs can be caused in the form of alteration (change in material composition) and fragmentation (separation of crystals from magma solution) of rocks or other materials. above or near the earth's surface caused by several factors such as weather and climate, temperature changes, exposure to chemical elements dissolved in rainwater to the act man.

The weathering process will have an impact on the composition of the soil and the origin of the formation of sedimentary rocks in the soil. More than that, the weathering process results in material that was initially large into smaller pieces.

According to the weathering agent weathering is divided into three types, namely:

• Physical Weathering (Mechanical)
  Mechanical weathering is a change that takes place related to the external shape or movement of the material. In physical weathering, materials break down into smaller pieces without changing the components or chemical composition of the material. The factors that affect mechanical weathering include:
  • Constantly changing temperature
  • Lack of pressure
  • Freezing
  • Crystallization
• Chemical Weathering
  Chemical weathering can form because there is a change in the chemical composition of the materials involved. This change will cause a chemical reaction of the new chemical substance with the existing chemical substance.
  Sometimes these reactions also mix (elements in the atmosphere or minerals in the Earth's crust). So that the impact arising from this reaction is weathering of the material that can occur causing weathering to form.
• Biological Weathering
  Biological weathering or organic weathering is weathering that is often caused by the activities of living things which result in the breakdown of material into smaller components.
  Weathering can occur by physical or chemical means. Often that is physically caused by the actions of large living beings such as humans, animals and plants. As for the chemical method, it is caused by small living things such as bacteria or components secreted by the bodies of large living things.

Erosion (Scraping)

Erosion is the process of removing solids (sediments, soil, rocks, etc.) due to wind, ice, water, rain, the influence of gravity or the activities of living things. The process of erosion can result in a decrease in soil productivity and soil carrying capacity.

Obviously, erosion is a natural process and good for ecosystems. However, erosion is often exacerbated by human activities in poor land management and deforestation and other harmful activities.

According to the cause of erosion is divided into several types, among others, as follows:

• Erosion By Water (Alasi)
  Ablation is erosion caused by running water. The main reason for this ablation is that there is friction between the flow of water and the soil, the greater the speed and amount of water, the faster the soil or relief at the bottom of the land (river) will erode. If friction occurs continuously it will cause a change in the shape of the land earlier.
• Erosion By Wind (Deflation)
  Deflation is erosion that occurs by wind, this process is often found in desert areas and in places where strong winds are accompanied by sand. Deflation will result in the erosion of rock with a mushroom-like shape. The basic principle of erosion is similar to erosion by water, which is due to the friction of wind movement with certain solid objects.
• Erosion by Ice (Excracy)
  Eksaraasi is erosion caused by glaciers or ice. Excursions only occur in areas with winter or high mountain areas. Glaciers or ice will become a thick liquid and move, the movement of the glaciers will erode the right and left of the mountain valley. The rocks in its path will be scratched and then eroded by glaciers.
• Erosion by Sea Waves (Abrasion)
  Abrasion is erosion caused by sea water. The level of sea water erosion is affected by the size of the strength of the sea waves.
• Corrosion
  Corrosion is a type of erosion similar to deflation, because it is also caused by wind media. What distinguishes the two types is the type of particles carried by the wind. Deflation occurs because of the force of the wind without involving particles in it. While corrosion occurs because the wind carries grains of sand or grains of rock.

Sedimentation (Settling)

Sedimentation is the process of depositing rock material by gravity that can occur in land, transition zones (coastlines) or on the seabed because they are carried by wind, water or other media ice.

When the erosion of weathered rock occurs, the material is caught by wind or water when the strength of transporting rock material is reduced then the rock will settle in the area the flow.

Not only wind or water, glaciers are also included in the transport media. Although the transport movement by the glacier is slower, the carrying power is very large. Precipitation that occurs on the sea or lake bottom causes the seabed to become shallow.

According to the cause, sedimentation is divided into several types, namely:

• Fluvial Sedimentation
  Fluvial sedimentation is the process of settling material carried by water along a river. Places of deposition include at the bottom of rivers, lakes or river mouths. The main source of fluvial deposited material is the fragments of weathered rock. Weathered rocks are gradually transported to other places by hydropower.
• Marine Sedimentation
  Marine sedimentation is a deposition process carried out by ocean waves along the coast. According to the grain size, marine sedimentation can be sized from sedimentation with the grain size of clay to gravel.
  The supply of very large sediment loads causes that sedimentation can only come from land which is carried to the sea by passing rivers or beach sand by waves.
• Aeolis or Aeris Sedimentation
  Aeolis sedimentation is sediment deposited from the wind. Gusts of wind can also carry dust, sand, and even larger materials. The stronger the gusts, the greater the carrying capacity. This event is called disintegration, the process of which can be physical or chemical. As a result of this process, soil grains with different types of properties will be formed, depending on climatic conditions, topography, rock type, time of day and organisms.
• Glacial Sedimentation
  Glacial sedimentation is sediment deposited by glaciers. The natural landscape resulting from the deposition of glaciers will form valleys. When spring comes, there is erosion by glaciers that lead down the valley. Rock or soil from erosion will also descend down the slope and settle in the valley.

Movement of Soil or Movement of Stone (Mass Wasting)

Movement of soil or rock is the movement and/or destruction of masses of rock or soil on a large scale to a lower place than their place of origin. Rock or broken soil moves to a lower area due to the force of gravity. According to the size and speed of the moving soil or rock, mass wasting can be divided into several types, namely:

• Slow Movement (Crawl)
  Slow movement or creep is the movement of soil or rock that has a small mass and runs slowly. The descending rock will slowly descend down the slope making some cases more difficult to observe.
• Fast Movement
  Fast movement, namely the movement of rock debris which often contains watercolors, makes the speed higher. An example is a mud flow.
• Landslides
  Lanslides or landslides are large rock mass movements that occur quickly. Often this material and erosion fall vertically.

Thus has been explained about Exogenous Energy: Definition, Types and Examples, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.