Water hyacinth characteristics: body structure, habitat, benefits and negative effects of water hyacinth
Water hyacinth characteristics: body structure, habitat, benefits and negative effects of water hyacinth – Does anyone not know what water hyacinth is? ,On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss it and of course the things that also cover it. Let's look at the discussion in the article below to understand it better.
Water hyacinth characteristics: body structure, habitat, benefits and negative effects of water hyacinth
Water hyacinth or Latin name Eichhornia Crassipes is a type of aquatic plant that can float. In some areas in Indonesia, this water plant has various names, for example, in the Palembang area, water hyacinth is known as Kelipuk.
In Lampung, water hyacinth is known as Ringgak, in Dayak water hyacinth is known as Ilung-ilung, and in Manado, water hyacinth is known as Tumpe.
Water hyacinth grows so fast that this aquatic plant is mistaken for a weed that can disturb water areas. One of the factors that triggers the rapid development of water hyacinth is caused by water that has a large amount of nutrients, especially those rich in nitrogen, phosphate and potassium.
Water hyacinth can be found in places such as shallow ponds, wetlands and swamps, slow streams, lakes, water reservoirs and rivers. Ten water hyacinth plants can grow to 600. 000 within 8 months. Water hyacinth can grow to a height of 40 centimeters to 80 centimeters.
Water hyacinth plants have special characteristics, including:
- Has a fiber base but does not branch out. The roots also have a cap which is commonly called a root cap.
- The roots are covered with hairs that act as a kind of anchor for the plant. At the end of the base there is a base pocket which is slightly reddish in color when exposed to the sun.
- Has leaves that are included in the macrophyte type (located above the water surface). The leaves are single, stemmed, arranged in a row above the base with a length ranging from 7 to 25 centimeters, with a green color.
- Has an air cavity structure that makes it able to float on water.
- It has leaves that are ovate (ovate), tapered at the tip and base (acuminatus), with non-serrated edges (flat) and a shiny surface.
- Has a flower in the form of a capsule (true box), green color and three bears.
- It has small dark colored seeds. It is with these seeds that water hyacinth grows.
This plant was first encountered by a German botanist named Carl Friedrich Philipp Von Martius accidentally while on an expedition in the Amazon River, Brazil.
In its classification, water hyacinth is categorized as:
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Division: Magnoliophyta
- Class: Liliopsida
- Order: Commianales
- Family: Pontederiaceae
- Genus: Eichhornia, Kunth
- Species: E. Crassipes
Water hyacinth body structure
Water hyacinth leaves
- Water hyacinth leaves are classified as macrophytes which are located above the water surface. The leaves are single, stemmed, arranged in a row above the base (base rosette) with a length ranging from 7 cm to 25 cm, green in color.
- Has an air cavity structure that makes it float on the water.
- The leaves are ovate (ovate), tapered at the tip and base (acuminatus), with non-serrated edges (flat) and a shiny surface.
Water hyacinth flower
- The flowers can reach 6 to 35 pieces. Water hyacinth flowers contain compound interest.
- Water hyacinth flowers are in the form of a capsule (true box), green color and three bears.
Water hyacinth seeds
- Water hyacinth seeds have a small dark pattern. With these seeds, water hyacinth grows (generative propagation)
Water hyacinth Habitat
This water plant usually grows in wet soil, swamps, and shallow ponds. We can also find it in waters with a slow flow, lakes and river estuaries.
Water hyacinth plants themselves are able to adapt to even extreme weather changes, starting from changes in nutrient availability, water level, water PH, water flow, so that the temperature and toxins contained in the water itself, the growth of water hyacinth will be hampered if there is water that contains salt.
Benefits of Water Hyacinth
- Health Benefits
In terms of health, the water hyacinth plant has many benefits, including; contains protein, carbohydrates, iron, calcium, calories, and phosphorus. Has vitamins A, B1, and C. Water hyacinth can treat urinary problems due to blockages, treat heat throat, treating itching effects on the skin caused by caterpillars or similar animals, and coping ulcers.
- Benefits As Organic Fertilizer
The humic acids contained in water hyacinth can form phytonutrient compounds that act as acceleraters the base development of plants, water hyacinth also has triterpenoid acids, cyanides, alkaloids and is rich in calcium. Because like that water hyacinth is very good as organic fertilizer.
- Benefits As a Source of Biogas
Water hyacinth can be processed into biogas. Not only that, water hyacinth can also be used as a growth medium for mushrooms, made into handicrafts, paper and so on. Therefore water hyacinth needs to be managed properly, so that it can create something more useful.
Negative Impact of Water Hyacinth
- Reducing the amount of oxygen and light entering the water
Due to the rapid development of water hyacinth, this plant can cover the surface of the water, resulting in too much light Entering into the water will continue to decrease due to obstruction, and the level of oxygen solubility will also decrease.
- Disturbing Transportation in Waters
For residents, especially for residents who still make the river their main water source, This water hyacinth plant is very annoying, because their boat is often stuck and difficult to make move.
- Accelerates the Water Siltation Process
Water hyacinth can also disturb the area around the waters, and causes shallowness of the water, that is due to several reasons Dead water hyacinth will sink and accumulate at the bottom of the waters, causing siltation water.
- Disturbing Aquatic Aesthetics
If on land there are weeds, in the waters water hyacinth is the weed.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Water hyacinth characteristics , hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles
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