√ Definition of Capacitors, Their Functions and Types (Full Discussion)
Understanding Capacitors, Their Functions and Types (Full Discussion) - This time around knowledge will discuss about Capacitors. The discussion includes the meaning, function and types of complete capacitors. For more details, follow the review below.
Understanding Capacitors, Their Functions and Types (Full Discussion)
Let's discuss the definition of capacitor first carefully.
Definition of Capacitor
Capacitor or can also be called a condenser is a device that can store energy inside electric field in a certain time by accumulating an internal imbalance of the current charge electricity. This tool was first discovered by a scientist named Michael Faraday so that the capacitor unit is called Farad (F). Because the Farad unit is very large, use:
PikoFarad (pF) = 1 x 10-2 F
NanoFarad (nF) = 1 x 10-9 F
MicroFarad (µF) = 1 x 10-6 F
1 Farad = 1,000,000µF (micro Farad)
1µF = 1,000nF (nano Farads)
1µF = 1,000,000pF (pico Farads)
1nF = 1,000pF (pico Farads)
Casitor / Condenser function
Capacitors have several functions including:
- As an insulator that can slow down DC currents or direct current
- As a filter or filter in the power supply circuit
- As a frequency generator in the oscillator circuit
- As a store of electric current or voltage
- As the frequency in the antenna circuit
- As a power saver in fluorescent lamps
- As a bounce remover (fire jump) if installed as a switch
- As a coupling between one circuit and another
- As the Phase slider
- As a conductor
Types of Capacitors
Capacitors are divided into three based on their use:
- Fixed capacitor (capacity value can not be changed or fixed)
- Electrolytic capacitors (Electrolytic Condenser = Elco)
- Variable capacitor (capacity value can be changed)
Apart from the above, there are also other types of capacitors, namely ceramic capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, paper capacitors, mica capacitors, polyester capacitors, tantalum capacitors, Valco and trimmers.
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Ceramic Capacitor
Ceramic capacitors are capacitors whose insulators are made of ceramic and have a thin round or square shape in red, green, brown and others. This type of capacitor has no direction or polarity, and can be mounted back and forth in electronic circuits. Has a capacitor value of around 1pF to 0.01 µF.
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Polyester Capacitor
Polyester capacitors are capacitors whose insulators are made of polyester material which has a square shape in red, brown, green and others. Polyester capacitors can also be installed upside down in electronic circuits because they do not have directional polarity.
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Mica Capacitor
Mica capacitors are capacitors made of mica. This type of capacitor can be installed upside down in electronic circuits because it has no polarity. Its capacity value is around 50 pF to 0.02 µF.
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Electrolytic Capacitor
Electrolytic capacitors or also known as Elco are capacitors made of electrolyte materials (a kind of chemical oil with some substance in the other), has a shape like a tube or cylinder. Electrolytic capacitors are capacitors with high capacity values, namely between 02 μF to 20,000 μF and can even exceed. Installation of this capacitor should not be reversed, because it can explode and have polarity direction. The use of electrolytic capacitors in all electronic circuits such as amplifiers, power supplies and so on.
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Tantalum Capacitor
Tantalum capacitors are capacitors made of metal tantalum, can work at high temperatures and have high capacitance values. Smaller and more petite. This type of capacitor has direction polarity and insulating material derived from electrolytes. The price of these capacitors is also quite expensive, usually used on cellphones and laptops.
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Valco
Valco or the abbreviation of variable condensator is a capacitor made of large metal. Usually used in radio circuits to select a frequency band. Has a capacitance value of about 100 pF to 500 pF.
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Trimmers
Trimmer is a type of variable capacitor that has a smaller shape so it requires a tool to be able to rotate the adjustment shaft. Trimmer serves to place the selection of frequency waves in electronic circuits. Has a maximum capacitance value of up to 100 pF.
Basically the capacitor is divided into 2 namely:
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Polar Capacitor
Polar capacitors are capacitors whose two poles have positive and negative polarity. Usually polar capacitors are made of electrolyte and have a large capacitance value compared to capacitors that use paper or mica or ceramic materials.
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Non Polar Capacitor
Non-polar capacitors are capacitors that have no polarity at the poles, meaning that the two poles can be used in reverse. Has a small capacitance value and the material is made of ceramic, mica, paper and others.
Thus the explanation about Understanding Capacitors, Their Functions and Types (Full Discussion), hopefully it can add to your insight and knowledge about capacitors. Thank you for visiting
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