Types of Roots in Plants, Their Properties, Functions and Structures
Types of Roots in Plants, Their Properties, Functions and Structures – What are the different types of roots in plants? On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss it and of course the things that also cover it. Let's look at the discussion in the article below to understand it better.
Types of Roots in Plants, Their Properties, Functions and Structures
The root is the part of the plant that is in the soil as a place for water and minerals to enter from the soil to all parts of the plant. Roots also function to attach and support the body so that it is sturdy. In some plants, roots are also a place to store food reserves, for example in cassava.
Likewise, plants that are attached to other plants actually also have roots. From here it is very clear that the root is a very basic part of the plant. Roots are also a differentiator of dicot and monocot plants.
In general, the meaning of the root is the base of the plant on the stem that is in the ground and grows towards the center of the earth. But there are also plant roots that do not grow in the soil but attach to other plants.
Root properties
- Is the part of the plant that is usually found in the soil, with the direction of growing towards the center of the earth (geotrop) or toward the water (hydrotrop), leaving air and light
- It has no nodes, so it is also not segmented and does not support leaves or scales or other parts
- The color is not green, usually whitish or yellowish
- It continues to grow at the ends, but in general its growth is still less rapid when compared to the surface of the soil
- The shape of the tip is often tapered, making it easier to penetrate the ground
Function of Roots in Plants
Roots in plants have a major function. The functions of roots in plants in general are as follows:
- To support and strengthen the establishment of plants in their place of life.
- To absorb water and mineral salts "nutrients" from the soil.
- Transport water and nutrients that have been absorbed to places in the plant body that require saints.
- In some types of plants there are those that function as a means of respiration, for example mangrove plants.
- In some plant species, some are useful as a place to store food reserves or as a means of vegetative reproduction. For example, carrots have an enlarged taproot, which is functional
- as a place to store food. Meanwhile, in breadfruit plants from the roots can grow shoots which can grow into new individuals.
- Absorbs and drains water and minerals
- Photosynthetic store products (carbohydrates, sugars, proteins)
Types of Roots in Plants
There are two types of roots in plants, namely fibrous roots and taproots. In addition, there are also special roots, namely hanging roots, supporting roots, respiratory roots and attached roots.
Fibrous roots
This type of root has a fibrous shape. The base and the tip of the root have almost the same size. All parts of the roots come out of the stem. This type of root is only owned by monocot plants such as rice, corn & sugarcane.
Tap root
This root has a principal root. Where the main root branches into smaller parts. This type of root is only found in dicotyledonous plants. Like, orange trees, mangoes, and nuts. However, if dicot plants are planted by grafting or cuttings, the roots are not taproots but are fibrous roots.
The special roots in plants include:
Hanging roots
These roots grow from the stem of the plant above the ground. These roots hang in the air and grow toward the ground. For example, the hanging roots of the banyan tree.
Support roots
It grows from the lower roots in all directions. These roots seem to support the stem so it does not collapse. For example the roots of pandanus and mangrove trees.
Respiratory root
It grows perpendicular to the top so that it appears from the surface of the soil or water. These breath roots are owned by land plants and aquatic plants. The root of the breath has many openings for air to enter. For example kar fire wood tree.
Sticky roots
It grows along the stem which is useful for attaching to wood, walls or other plants. This root is only owned by climbing plants, for example pepper and betel plants.
Root Structure in Plants
In general, roots grow in the ground. The root consists of several important parts namely: root hairs and root cap.
- Root hair
Root hairs or root hairs are the passageways for water and nutrients from the soil to the plant. - Root hood
Has a function as a root protector when the roots penetrate the soil.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Kinds of Roots, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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