Esophageal Function: Definition of the Esophagus, Structure and Its Parts
Esophageal Function: Definition of the Esophagus, Structure and Its Parts – What is the function of the esophagus? At this time About the knowledge.co.id will discuss what Esophageal Function is and other factors. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.
Esophageal Function: Definition of the Esophagus, Structure and Its Parts
The esophagus or esophagus is a part of the digestive organ, which is a tube that connects the pharynx (throat) to the stomach. The esophagus is located between the trachea (windpipe) and the spine. The esophagus passes below the neck, pierces the diaphragm just to the left of the midline, and joins the heart (above) to the end of the stomach.
In adults, the esophagus is between 25 cm (10 inches) long. When a person swallows, the muscular walls of the esophagus contract to push food into the stomach. Glands in the lining of the esophagus produce mucus, which keeps the passageway moist and facilitates swallowing.
When food moves down the esophagus, the soft palate along with a tuft-like tissue at the back of the mouth (uvula) lifts up and closes the passage. nose, and when food moves toward the tracheal lid, the epiglottis will close so that food does not enter the trachea and lungs but food still enters esophagus.
The functions of the Esophagus in Humans include the following:
Passing Food From Mouth To Stomach
This is the basic function of the esophagus or esophagus, in the human neck there are two types of channels, namely the esophagus and throat. The esophagus in this case functions as a pipe for food from the mouth to the stomach, and meanwhile the throat is the respiratory tract that connects the mouth to the lungs.
Produces Peristalsis
In the esophagus alone food is not simply channeled. There are muscles that produce peristalsis so that the walls contract and slowly food is pushed into the stomach.
Prevents Gastric Fill And Fluid Rate
In the stomach during the digestive process, it will produce strong acids, namely hydrochloric acid and various enzymes that are in charge of helping the digestive process. The mixture of the two is called stomach acid. With a narrowing of the sphincter in the esophagus, this can prevent stomach fluids from entering the esophagus due to increased stomach acid levels.
Food Swallowing Phase
Swallowing is the process of carrying food from the mouth to the stomach with a combination of muscle and reflex movements from 3 (three) organs of the digestive system including the esophagus.
There are 3 phases of swallowing in humans, namely:
- Oral Phase, in this phase the food that is chewed in the mouth will be pushed to the back of the pharynx by the movement of the tongue muscles
- Pharyngeal phasel, in the phase where food enters, it stimulates the uvula to cover the nasal cavity and the epiglottis will close the respiratory tract so that food does not enter the lower pharynx and go to the esophagus.
- Esophageal Phase, the entry of food stimulates the occurrence of esophageal peristalsis which will carry food to the gastric sphincter and enter the stomach. After that, the food will be digested and temporarily stored in the stomach.
Esophageal Structure
The esophagus is composed of 4 (four) layers of walls, including:
Serous Layer
Is the outermost layer of the esophagus which consists of blood vessels, lymph and nerves. The serosa lining in the esophagus is a connective tissue. The serous layer has small cavities through which serous fluid escapes, which serves as a lubricant for muscle movement.
Muscle Layer
Is a layer of smooth muscle that works involuntarily. There are 2 (two) types of muscle fibers, namely longitudinal (elongated) and circular (circular) muscle fibers. The combination of the contractions of these two types of muscles will produce intestinal peristalsis which functions to break down food and carry it to the next digestive organs.
Submucosa Layer
It is a layer of loose connective tissue that contains blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves and mucous glands. Blood vessels in the submucosa lining of the esophagus play an important role in circulating the food that is absorbed.
Mucosa Layer
Composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells and thin connective tissue. This layer has goblet cells which produce mucus. Under normal circumstances, the esophagus is not resistant to stomach acid so it will feel like pain or burning when there is an abnormality of stomach acid rising to the esophageal mucosa.
Esophageal Parts
The structure of the esophageal tissue is divided into 3 (three) parts, namely:
- Superior Section (upper 1/3 of Esophagus), most of the constituent muscles in this section are skeletal muscles, where these muscles work consciously / can be controlled.
- Mid section (middle 2/3 of esophagus), composed of mixed muscles of skeletal and smooth muscles.
- Inferior Section (lower 3/3 of esophagus), the constituent muscles are smooth muscles that work without us realizing it or cannot be controlled.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Esophageal Function, Hope it is useful.
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