√ Definition of Chemical Compounds, Characteristics, Types & Nomenclature (Complete)
Definition of Chemical Compounds, Characteristics, Types, Complete Nomenclature – In this discussion we will explain about Chemical Compounds. Includes understanding, characteristics, types and nomenclature of chemical compounds with complete and easy-to-understand discussion. For more details, please see the review below.
Definition of Chemical Compounds, Characteristics, Types & Nomenclature (Complete)
Let's discuss the meaning of chemical compounds first.
Definition of Chemical Compounds
A chemical compound is a pure chemical substance composed of two or more elements which can be broken down by chemical reactions. Chemical compounds can be distinguished by chemical formulas by looking at the number of constituent atoms. Chemical compounds can be found in various forms, such as solids, liquids, and gases.
Characteristics of Chemical Compounds
There are characteristics of chemical compounds, including:
- A chemical compound is a single substance
- It can be broken down into several elements according to the number of elements that make up or form it through chemical processes or reactions.
- The composition or number of elements used to form a compound varies. This makes the properties of a chemical compound different from the properties of its constituent elements.
- A chemical compound is a combination of chemical elements in a certain ratio.
Properties of Chemical Compounds
Chemical compounds consist of several chemical elements, but the properties of chemical compounds and their constituent elements are different. The following are the properties of chemical compounds, including:
- Compounds are made of several chemical elements by going through chemical reactions.
- The properties of a compound differ from the properties of the elements that make it up. This is due to differences in the composition of the elements used in a chemical compound.
- Compounds can be broken down into certain elements
- Physically inseparable
Types of Chemical Compounds
The classification of various types of chemical compounds, among others:
Ionic Chemical Compounds
Ionic compounds are chemical compounds made of ionic elements. The ion elements are united by using electrostatic forces. The bonds in these compounds are called ionic bonds.
Ionic compounds are a type of compound that are neutral overall. But the ions that form it are positive ions and negative ions. Positive ions are called cations and negative ions are called anions. Examples of ionic compounds include Sodium Chloride with (Na+) and (Cl-). Potassium Chloride with (K+) and (CL-) and so on.
Oxide Chemical Compounds
Oxide compounds are a type of chemical compound whose constituent elements are composed of oxygen and other elements. In general, this compound is formed due to the oxidation of elements carried out by oxygen in the air.
Organic Chemical Compounds
Organic compounds are a type of chemical compound that is composed of carbon and hydrogen as the main elements. But in this compound there are also other elements such as oxygen, halogens, sulfur and phosphorus.
Acid Chemical Compounds
Acidic compounds are a type of chemical compound that has the general formula HA. However, this compound is dissolved in water so it will have a pH below 7. Acidic compounds will give H+ ions in other compounds (bases)
Basic Chemical Compounds
Basic compounds are a type of chemical compound that accepts or absorbs H+ ions. This compound has a pH greater than 7 and releases OH+ ions.
Nomenclature of Chemical Compounds
According to the constituent elements, the nomenclature of compounds or the naming of compounds can be seen below:
1. Chemical Compounds Formed From Metal And Non-Metal Elements
Compounds formed from these two types of metal elements have a compound nomenclature with certain rules. The name of the metal element will be the first name, then the name of the non-metal element will be used as the last name. Examples of compounds composed of metal and non-metal elements include:
- Calcium Bromine is written CaBr
- Magnesium Oxygen is written MgO
2. Chemical Compounds Formed From Non-Metal And Non-Metal Elements
Writing the names of compounds consisting of non-metallic and non-metallic elements has certain rules, namely:
If it consists of two non-metallic elements, the last name should end with da.
If it consists of more than two elements, the naming can be done by mentioning the index number in Greek. Below is the naming of the compound element index numbers.
1 = Mono
2 = In
3 = Tri
4 = Tetras
5 = Penta
6 = Hexa
7 = Hepta
8 = Octa
9 = Miss
10 = Dec
The following is an example of naming compounds that are formed from non-metal elements only, including:
- CO is pronounced Carbon Monoxide
- CO2 is read Carbon Dioxide
- CO3 is read Carbon Trioxide
- CO5 is read Carbon Pentoxide
3. Chemical Compounds Formed From Hydrogen And Non-Metal Elements
Rules for writing or naming compounds consisting of hydrogen elements and non-metallic elements, namely:
- The word hydrogen as the first name is then followed by the name of the non-metallic element as the last name. Then add -ida to the ending. An example is the compound HF having the name Hydrogen Fluoride.
- The word acid is used as a preposition and as a substitute for the name hydrophene. Then followed by the name of the non-metal element and added with the suffix ida. For example, the HF compound known as Hydrogen Fluoride becomes HF with the name Hydrofluoric Acid.
4. Chemical Compounds Formed From Metal Elements, Oxygen And Hydrogen
The rules for writing compounds composed of three types have the following rules:
- If the element oxygen is the second element and then behind it is the element hydrogen, then in naming or writing the compound you can use the name of the metal element as the first name.
- The combination of the names of the elements hydrogen and the element oxygen is used by the name hydroxide which is used as the last name.
Examples of naming compounds consisting of the elements Metal, Oxygen and Hydrogen include:
- NaOH is read with Sodium Hydroxide
- MgOH is read with Magnesium Hydroxide
- KOH is read with Potassium Hydroxide
Thus has been explained about Definition of Chemical Compounds, Characteristics, Types & Nomenclature (Complete), hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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