Nephron Parts: Definition of Nephrons and Their Functions
Nephron Parts: Definition of Nephrons and Their Functions – What are the parts of the nephron? On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss what a nephron is, its parts and functions. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.
Nephron Parts: Definition of Nephrons and Their Functions
The kidney consists of three structures namely the renal cortex (cortex), renal medulla (medulla) and renal pelvis, where the smallest functional part of the kidney is called the nephron. The nephron is the smallest functional part of the kidney consisting of the proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Each human kidney is made up of approximately one million nephrons, each capable of forming urine. Nephrons are located in the renal cortex and renal medulla.
The kidney cannot form new nephrons, so if there is nephron damage due to kidney trauma or kidney disease the number of nephrons will gradually decrease. The number of functioning nephrons will decrease by approximately 10% every 10 years. This loss of function is not life-threatening because the adaptive changes in the remaining nephrons allow them to excrete water, electrolytes, and waste products in the right amount. Each nephron consists of a vascular component and a tubular component.
Functions of Each Part of the Nephron
The functions of the nephron parts of the kidney are:
Malpighian bodies
The malpighi body is the part that stores Bowman's capsule and glomerulus to filter blood. The function of the malpighi body is as a place where there is a blood filter.
Bowman's capsule
Bowman's capsule is a kind of capsule / bag that wraps around the glomerulus. Sir William Bowman is the discoverer of Bowman's capsule. The function of Bowman's capsule is to collect fluid filtered by the glomerulus.
glomerulus
The glomerulus is a small blood vessel or capillary that looks like a ball of thread. The function of the glomerulus is as a filtering site for blood which will filter water, glucose, amino acids, salts, and urea to produce primary urine.
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
The proximal convoluted tubule is the site of primary urine reabsorption, which absorbs water, salt, glucose, and amino acids. The function of the proximal convoluted tubule is to produce secondary urine with a high urea content.
Henle's arc
The loop of Henle is a U-shaped or semicircular canal that connects the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The loop of Henle prevents urine from returning to the proximal convoluted tubule. The descending portion of the loop of Henle is highly permeable to water but impermeable to ions. causes a large amount of water to be reabsorbed, which increases the osmolarity of the liquid by approx 1200mOsm/L. In contrast, the ascending portion of the loop of Henle is impermeable but highly permeable to ions, which results in a large decrease in the osmolarity of the liquid, from 1200 mOsm/L to 100 mOsm/L.
Distal Convoluted Tubule
The distal convoluted tubule is the site for releasing other useless or excess substances in the secondary urine. The process carried out by the distal convoluted tubule is called the augmentation process (collection). The result of the fluid that has passed through the distal convoluted tubule is true urine.
Collective Tubules
The collecting tubules are long narrow tubes in the kidney that collect urine from the nephrons, to be channeled down the pelvis to the bladder. In other words, the collecting tubules function to collect urine from several proximal convoluted tubules and then carry it to the pelvis.
Main Functions of the Nephron
Following are some of the main functions of the kidney nephrons, namely as follows:
- Recovering particles, for example potassium, sodium or phosphorus whenever these particles are used up in the body.
- Helps to remove excess water, waste and other particles from the blood.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Nephron Section, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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