Formal Education: Definition of Education According to Experts, Characteristics, Purpose and Functions
Formal Education: Definition of Education According to Experts, Characteristics, Purpose and Functions - What is Formal Education? Education itself is a systematic teaching and learning activity. There are three types of education, namely formal, informal and non-formal. At this time About the knowledge.co.id will discuss matters related to Formal Education. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.
Formal Education: Definition of Education According to Experts, Characteristics, Purpose and Functions
According to Article 1 paragraph 6 Government Regulation Number 17 of 2010 concerning Management and Implementation of Education, Formal Education is a structured and tiered educational path consisting of basic education, secondary education and higher education.
According to the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), Formal Education is all forms of education or training provided in an organized and tiered manner, both general and specific special.
The definition of formal education in general is that formal education is an activity that is systematic, structured, tiered, tiered, starting from elementary school to university and The equivalent includes academic and general oriented study activities, specialization programs, and professional training, which are carried out continuously. continuously. In addition, formal education is an educational institution that is pursued through institutional pathways that have already been established determined and determined, and regulated by a group of authorized persons, in this case the government or a foundation.
Definition of Education According to Experts
Dr. Nanang Fattah
Education is the process of a person developing abilities, attitudes and other behaviors in the society where they are born.
Notoatmodjo, 2003
Education in general is any effort that is planned to influence others well individuals, groups, or society so that they do what is expected by the perpetrators education.
Mudyahardjo, 2008
Education is a basic business carried out by the family, community and government, through guidance, teaching and/or training activities, which take place in school and outside of school throughout life, to prepare students to be able to play roles in various living environments appropriately in the future come.
Faud Ihsan, 2010
Education is a human effort to grow and develop innate potentials both physically and spiritually in accordance with the values that exist in society and culture.
Indonesia Dictionary
Education is the process of changing the attitudes and behavior of a person or group of people in an effort to mature humans through teaching and training efforts, processes, methods, making education.
H. Horne
According to H. Horne, education is a continuous (eternal) process of higher adjustment for human beings who have developed spiritually physical and mental, free and conscious of God, as manifested in the intellectual, emotional and human surroundings of man.
Plato
According to Plato, education is something that can help the development of the individual from the body and mind with something that can enable the achievement of perfection.
Ki Hadjar Dewantara
According to Ki Hajar Dewantara, education directs all the forces that exist in nature so that students as humans and members of society can achieve high safety and happiness in life.
Imam Al-Ghazali
According to Imam Al-Ghazali, Education is the process of humanizing humans from the time of their occurrence until the end of their life through various knowledge conveyed in the the form of teaching in stages, where the teaching process becomes the responsibility of parents and society towards approaching yourself to God so that you become human perfect.
Ministry of National Education Language Center (2002:263)
According to the Language Center of the Ministry of National Education, education is the process of changing one's attitude and behavior or groups of people in an effort to mature humans through teaching and training efforts, processes, methods, actions educate.
Aristotle
According to Aristotle, education is one of the functions of a state, and is carried out, especially at least, for the purposes of the state itself.
Characteristics of Formal Education
In formal education there are clear and tiered levels of education. Some of its characteristics are as follows:
- Have a clear curriculum.
- The learning materials used are academic in nature.
- Imposing certain conditions for students.
- The educational process is quite long.
- The provision of education comes from the government or the private sector.
- Teaching staff must meet the classification.
- Students take formal exams.
- There is uniform administration.
Objectives and Functions of Formal Education
Some of the objectives and functions of formal education include the following:
Practicing Academic Skills
These academic abilities include analysis, memorization, logic, problem solving and so on. If someone has good academic ability, they are generally better able to solve problems and have a better life.
Train Mental, Physical And Discipline
This education requires students to arrive at school and go home at a certain time. This indirectly can train the discipline of students. The learning process at school will also shape the mental and physical condition of students to be better.
Training Responsibilities
Students are also taught about responsibility, for example the responsibility of doing assignments and maintaining cleanliness.
Self-Development And Creativity
The extracurricular program is a means of self-development and student creativity. Someone who has certain abilities and creativity will form a more qualified person, of course.
Building a Social Soul
Schools also help build social life, social interaction at school will expand a student's social relations.
Forming Self Identity
Self-identity is an important thing needed by individuals in social life, for example in the world of work and society. Generally, those with formal education are more likely to get a job.
Examples of Formal Education
This educational pathway consists of several implementing educational units. The educational units providing formal education are as follows:
- Kindergarten "Kindergarten"
- Raudatul Atfal "RA"
- Elementary School "SD"
- Madrasah Ibtidaiyah "MI"
- Junior High School "SMP"
- Madrasah Tsanawiyah "MTs"
- Senior High School "SMA"
- Madrasah Aliyah "MA"
- Vocational High School "SMK"
- Vocational Aliyah Madrasah "MAK"
- College “Academy, Polytechnic, College, Institute, University”.
Differences in Non-Formal Education, Informal Education and Formal Education
Non-formal education is any organized and systematic activity, outside the school system that is carried out independently or a meaningful part of a broader activity that is planned to be carried out to serve certain students in achieving goals learn.
Informal education is a process that lasts a lifetime so that everyone gets values, behaviors, skills, and knowledge that comes from experience life every day, the influence of the environment includes such as the influence of family life, ties with neighbors, areas of work and play, markets, libraries, and the media mass.
Formal Education is a systematic, tiered/ tiered activity, starting from elementary school to academy and equivalent; This includes academically and universally oriented research activities, specialization programs, and professional training, which is carried out on a continuous basis.
The Importance of Formal Education
However our method of taking the learning, as long as we really want to do it, will have a big impact on the future of ourselves or others. So that by learning we are able to manage their future wisely, and can think more critically in dismantling a problem that exists in their life.
When we understand learning, we are able to help the government generate jobs so that there are not many unemployed in Indonesia. So many meaningful things that we get from recognizing the meaning of education. Therefore, we should begin to realize how meaningful education is for our future continuity.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Formal education, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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