Sequence of Electromagnetic Waves: Principles, Properties, Utilization and Maxwell's Theory
Sequence of Electromagnetic Waves: Principles, Properties, Utilization and Maxwell Theory – What is the actual sequence of Electromagnetic Waves like? On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss about electromagnetic waves. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.
Sequence of Electromagnetic Waves: Principles, Properties, Utilization and Maxwell's Theory
Electromagnetic waves are waves that propagate without the need for a medium and are transverse waves. Electromagnetic energy propagates through several characters such as wavelength, frequency, amplitude, and speed.
Electromagnetic energy is released or emitted at different levels. The higher the energy level, the lower the wavelength of the energy produced, but the higher the frequency.
The order of the types of electromagnetic waves from the largest frequency to the smallest frequency is as follows:
- Gamma rays
- X-ray
- ultraviolet
- Visible light
- Infrared
- Microwave
- Radio and TV waves
The order of visible light from the smallest to the largest frequency is red-orange-yellow-green-blue-indigo-purple.
The order of visible light from smallest to largest wavelength is violet-indigo-blue-green-yellow-orange-red.
Orange is a synonym for orange. Tilapia is another name for indigo.
Note, sorting the spectrum of electromagnetic waves from the largest frequency to the smallest means sorting electromagnetic waves from the smallest to the largest wavelength, because the frequency is inversely proportional to the length wave.
Maxwell's Theory of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation
The theoretical basis for the propagation of electromagnetic waves was first described in 1873 by James Clerk Maxwell. In his paper, he put forward a dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field, based on the results of his research work between 1861 and 1865.
Following is the essence of Maxwell's theory regarding electromagnetic waves:
- a. Changing electric fields can produce magnetic fields
- b. Light includes electromagnetic waves.
The theory is also supported by:
German scientist, Heinrich Rudolph Hertz proved that electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. This is consistent with the fact that light can exhibit polarization symptoms.
Peter Zeeman, who is a scientist from the Netherlands, also stated that a very strong magnetic field can affect light beams.
Stark's experiment, a German scientist, revealed that a very strong electric field can affect light beams.
The Principle of Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic waves appear as a combination of imagination and sharpness of mind based on belief in the regularity and neatness of natural rules.
Experimental results which preceded it have revealed three rules of electrical phenomena, namely:
- Coulomb's law: Electric charges create a strong electric field.
- Faraday's Law: A changing magnetic field (B) can generate an electric field (E).
- Biot-Savart law: The flow of electric charge (current) creates a magnetic field around it.
Properties of Electromagnetic Waves
- Divided into several types, depending on the frequency or wavelength.
- Does not require propagation media.
- It doesn't carry mass, but it carries energy.
- Including transverse waves, and contain the same properties.
- The electric field (E) is always perpendicular to the magnetic field (B) and is in phase.
- The energy carried is proportional to the frequency of the waves.
- Have momentum.
Electromagnetic Wave Spectrum and Its Uses
The following is the order of the electromagnetic wave spectrum from the largest wavelength or the smallest frequency, to the smallest wavelength or the largest frequency. It is also accompanied by benefits in everyday life.
Radio Wave
- This wave is generated by an electronic circuit called an oscillator.
- The working principle of the radio is that radio waves are emitted from the antenna and received by the antenna as well. The radio receiver converts wave energy into sound energy.
- The coverage area depends on the height of the antenna.
- Radio wave table
The difference between medium wave and VHF and UHF wave is as follows.
Medium wave
Reflected by the layers of the earth's atmosphere (ionosphere) so that the range is wide.
Sound information is carried in the form of amplitude changes or amplitude modulation (AM).
AM transmitter will sound noise due to electrical and magnetic events in the air which can disturb the wave amplitude.
VHF and UHF waves
Can not be reflected by the layers of the earth's atmosphere so that the range is narrow.
Sound information by FM radio (VHF) and television sets (UHF) is carried in the form of frequency changes or frequency modulation (FM).
The FM transmitter has a clearer sound because it is not disturbed by electrical and magnetic events.
Television Wave
- It propagates straight and cannot be reflected by the atmosphere, so a connecting station (relay) that is located at a high place or a satellite is needed as a link.
- The frequency is higher than radio waves.
Microwaves
- The frequency of microwaves is 3 GHz and if microwaves are absorbed by an object, there will be a heating effect on the object.
- Microwaves are used for communication tools, cooking tools, and radar.
- Radar (Radio Detection and Ranging) is used as a transmitter and receiver of electromagnetic waves.
- Used at the airport to detect the presence of aircraft flying or leaving the airport
Infrared Ray
- Infrared light is produced by electrons in molecules that vibrate as they are heated. Every
- Hot objects must emit infrared light.
- Cannot be detected with the naked eye.
- Not much is scattered by particles in the air.
- Utilized by aircraft or satellites to photograph the earth.
Visible Light
- Located in a fairly narrow frequency region (X = 430-690 nm).
- Useful to help our vision so that objects appear to the eye.
- Visible light spectrum: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and purple (Me Ji Ku Hi Bi NiU).
Ultraviolet Rays (Ultraungu)
- Has a frequency of 1015-1016 Hz.
- Generated from the sun.
- It is the earth's atmosphere (ozone layer: 03) which functions to absorb ultraviolet light.
- Increasing ultraviolet in the earth can cause skin cancer and eye cataracts and can reduce
- immune system and causes low production of algae which are food for the entire food chain.
X-rays (X-rays)
- Generated by electrons located on the inside of the electron shell of an atom and high-speed electrons colliding onto the surface of a metal.
- It has a very short wavelength and has strong penetrating power.
- The frequency is 1016—1020 Hz.
- Benefits in the medical field, among others, to detect the organs of the body, photograph the position of the bones in the body, determine the position of broken bones, and in the industrial field to identify defects metal.
- Discovered by Wilhelm K. Rontgen (1945-1932) while studying the cathode.
The properties of X-rays as follows.
- Its frequency is so high that it can penetrate certain solid objects.
- Cannot be detected by sense organs.
- Not affected by electric fields or magnetic fields.
- Can blacken the film plate.
- Can cause metals to lose electrons.
Gamma rays
Gamma rays have a frequency range between 1020 Hz to 1025 Hz or a wavelength between 10-15 cm to 10-10 cm. Its penetrating power is so great that it can penetrate lead plates or iron plates.
The benefits of gamma rays as follows.
- Can be used to kill cancer cells.
- Sterilize hospital equipment.
- Check for defects in metal.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about Order of Electromagnetic Waves , hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
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