Maluku People's Resistance Against VOC (Patimura Resistance)
Maluku People's Resistance Against VOC (Patimura Resistance) - When the British came to power, Raffles made changes. Among other things, Raffles freed residents from all kinds of coercion. For example by reducing forced labor. After returning to power, the Dutch intensified forced labor again. In addition, the population is also burdened with various taxes. Therefore, there was a reaction from the people of Maluku against the Dutch Colonial Government.
Maluku People's Resistance Against VOC (Patimura Resistance)
Let's discuss the complete resistance of the Maluku people against the VOC below.
1. Reasons for Resistance
The arrival of the Dutch back to Maluku caused the Moluccan people to be restless. They imagined the suffering of the VOC era. The Dutch East Indies government oppressed the people of Maluku. Maluku people are required to surrender salted fish, beef jerky, and coffee. They are also forced to do forced labor to cut wood in the forest, make salt, and open nutmeg plantations. And Fortress Duurstede in Saparua was occupied by Dutch troops.
2. Resistance Process
The resistance was led by Thomas Matulesi or better known by his name Pattimura. Other leaders are Anthonie Rhebok, Said Command, Lucas Latumahina, Thomas Pattiwael, and Ulupaha. But there is also a daughter named Christina Martha Tiahahu. The center of the struggle is on Saparua Island. In the evening of May 15, 1817, the people started to move.
They started to burn the Dutch ships in the port of Porto. Then Pattimura's troops began to surround Fort Duurstede. Resident Van den Berg those in Fort Duurstede were shot dead. The next day, May 6, 1817, Pattimura's troops succeeded in seizing and occupying Fort Duurstede.
From Saparua, resistance spread to other islands. Haruku, Seram, Larike, Uring, Asilulu, and Wakasihu. On May 19, 1817, the Dutch government brought troops from Ambon to Haruku. They are headquartered in the Citadel Zeelandia. But King Haruku and the kings of the surrounding area were ready to face him. The people of Haruku and the kings of the surrounding area were deployed to attack the Zeelandia fortress.
By breaking through the encirclement of the people, the Dutch troops continued to advance from Haruku to Saparua. So in Saparua a fierce battle broke out. Many Dutch soldiers were killed, including several officers. Pattimura's victory in Saparua ignited the spirit of struggle in other areas. Then the general resistance flared up throughout Maluku.
In early July 1817, the Dutch Colonial brought back relief troops to Saparua. They attempted to take Fort Duurstede, but were unsuccessful. Then the Dutch invited the Maluku leaders to negotiate. The negotiations also yielded no results. The battle flared up again.
At the end of July 1817, the Dutch sent reinforcements to Saparua again. The Dutch deploy their ships. Dan began to open cannon fire incessantly towards Fort Duurstede, which was still occupied by Pattimura troops. Meanwhile, Dutch troops continued to arrive, flooding Saparua.
Finally in August 1817, Fort Duurstede was captured by the Dutch again. But the war is not over. Pattimura troops resumed resistance with guerrilla warfare. The Dutch government announced that it would give a reward of 1,000 guilders to anyone who caught Pattimura. And to arrest other Moluccan leaders, the Dutch government provided 500 guilders for each leader. But the people of Maluku do not want to betray the struggle of their nation.
3. End of Resistance
The Netherlands is still trying hard to finish the war in a short time. in October 1817, Dutch troops deployed on a large scale. In a battle in November 1817, the Dutch captured Pattimura, Anthonie Rebok, Thomas Pattiwael and Raja Tiow. A few days later the other leaders were arrested.
Finally in December 1817, the resistance was crushed. On December 16, 1817 Pattimura was hanged in Ambon. Then the other leaders were also hanged.
Thus our discussion this time about Maluku People's Resistance Against VOC (Patimura Resistance), I hope this is useful and can add insight and knowledge to all of us. That is all and thank you.
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