√ Main Characteristics of the Taxonomy and Life Cycle of Seed Kormophyta (Complete)
Main Characteristics of the Taxonomy and Life Cycle of Seed Kormophyta (Complete) - Previously I have posted an article related to Main Characteristics of the Taxonomy and Life Cycle of Sporadic Kormophyta now I will discuss the Taxonomy and Life Cycle of Seed Kormophyta.
Main Characteristics of the Taxonomy and Life Cycle of Seed Kormophyta (Complete)
In Kormophyta there are two main groups, namely:
- Gymnosperms (open seed plants): seeds not covered by leaves and fruit (karpellum)
- Angiosperms (covered seed plants): seeds covered by leaves and fruit (karpellum).
The seeded Kormophytes that have microspores are Angiosperms. In its life cycle, both gymnosperms and angiosperms, produce seeds in an effort to spread themselves over a wider area for the next generation.
Seeds are formed through a fertilization process that is preceded by pollination or pollination in flowering plants.
Fertilization is divided into two categories in Kormophyta with seeds, namely:
- Single fertilization: only the fusion of male and female sex cells occurs (in Gymnosperms)
-
Double fertilization: experienced two times of fertilization. This fertilization occurs in the ovary space. Inside the ovary there are 8 nuclei, namely:
- Antipodes: 3 haploid nuclei
- Secondary institutional nucleus (IKLS): 2 haploid nuclei that merge to form a diploid
- Synergid: 2 haploid nuclei
- Ovum: 1 haploid nucleus
Double fertilization includes:
- Generative nucleus I (in the pollen tube) + ovum —> zygote (2n)
- Generative nucleus II (in pollen reeds) + IKLS —> endosperm (food reserves / 3n)
In double fertilization, which has triploid chromosomes is the endosperm (food reserve) which is the result of IKLS fertilization by generative nucleus II. Embryos in seed plants can form for several reasons, including:
- If the embryo comes from a fertilized egg it is called amphimixis.
- If the embryo occurs without going through the fusion of sperm and ovum it is called apomiksis.
The various types are:
- Apogamy that is, embryos of synergids or antipodes without fertilization.
- Parthenogenesis that is, an embryo from an unfertilized egg.
- Adventitious embryo namely the embryo of the nucellus cell, namely the part other than the biological organ.
If you experience both types of embryo formation events earlier, it will form many embryos or polyembryony.
Thus the discussion about Main Characteristics of the Taxonomy and Life Cycle of Seed Kormophyta (Complete), hopefully it can be useful. That is all and thank you.
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