√ Definition of Heat, Type, Formula, Capacity and Displacement

August 31, 2023
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Definition of Heat, Type, Formula, Capacity and Displacement – In this discussion, we will explain about heat. Which includes the definition of heat, specific heat, heat formula, heat capacity and heat transfer which are discussed in full and lightly. For more details, please see the review below carefully.

Definition of Heat, Type, Formula, Capacity and Displacement

Let's discuss the definition of heat first carefully.

Definition of Calor

Heat is a form of energy that can be transferred from one object to another because there is a temperature difference. When two objects that have different temperatures are brought together, heat will flow or move from the object with a higher temperature to the object with a lower temperature.

An example is when we mix cold water with hot water, we will get warm water. Many do not know the difference between temperature and heat. Temperature is a measured value on a thermometer, while heat is energy that flows from one object to another.

Calorie Formulas and Units

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The formula and unit of heat, namely, the unit of heat is the calorie (cal) or joule (J). Calories are the number of calories needed to heat 1 gram of water to 1 ^oC. 1 calorie = 4.2 joules. 1 Joule = 0.24 calories

The Calor formula is:

Q = m. c. ∆T

With description:

Q = Heat (J)

M = Mass of object (kg)

c = Specific Heat (J Kg ^oC)

∆T= temperature change (^oC)

Heat and Changes in Matter

Heat can change the temperature of a substance

Basically, every object whose temperature is more than absolute zero, then the object has heat. This content will determine the temperature of the object. If the object is heated, then the object receives additional heat making its temperature increase or increase. Meanwhile, if the object is cooled, then the object releases heat making its temperature decrease.

Heat can change the state of matter

Some objects if given heat in a certain unit, then the object will experience a change in form. An example is ice being heated (given heat), the ice (solid form) will turn into liquid (gas form), and if the heating continues, the water will also turn into gas. The point at which a substance will change form to become a liquid point substance or the melting point of an object.

Specific Heat And Heat Capacity

According to the research, it was found that if heat is applied to two different objects, they will also get different temperatures. For example, when oil and water are heated to the same temperature, the oil will have a temperature change that is twice as large as water.

This is due to differences in the specific heat of an object. The specific heat of an object is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the object's mass to 1 ^oC, the unit of specific heat is heat/gram ^oCelsius or in the international system is defined by Joulse / kg^oCelsius. Heat can be written in the following equation:
caloric equation formula

Information:

Q = Heat (J)

m = Mass of object (kg)

c = Specific Heat ( J Kg ^oC)

ΔT= Change in temperature (^oC)

While the heat capacity is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a certain substance by 1 degree Celsius. If the heat Q produces t, then the heat capacity can be formulated as follows
heat capacity formula

Heat Transfer

Heat transfer occurs from a high temperature object to a low temperature object. There are three types of heat transfer that can occur, including:

Heat Transfer By Conduction

Transfer of heat by passing an intermediate substance (metal) without being accompanied by permanent displacement of the particles of that substance. For example, when heating one end of the metal, the other end of the metal will also heat up, this is because heat transfer occurs from high temperature to low temperature.

When heating one end of the metal, the particles on the metal end will cause vibrations to occur in other particles that are connected to it. So that all the metal particles will vibrate even though only one end of the metal is heated, this will stimulate heat transfer.

Heat Transfer By Convection

Heat transfer by convection is the transfer of heat through a substance accompanied by the movement of parts of the substance. Convection can occur in liquids or gases. There are two types of heat transfer by convection, including:

Scientific Convection
Natural convection is convection that is influenced by buoyant forces without external factors, and is caused by the presence of different types of objects. For example, when heating water, the density of hot water particles will rise away from the fire and be replaced by other water particles with a lower temperature. This process makes all the particles of the substance will be perfectly hot
Forced Convection
Forced convection, namely convection that occurs due to the influence of external factors (eg pressure), and heat transfer is carried out by force or deliberately. Which means heat is forced to go where it wants to go with the help of external factors such as pressure, for example on a fan that will bring cold air to a hot place, and like a radiator on a car that has a cooling system machine.

Radiation Heat Transfer

Radiation heat transfer is a heat transfer process that does not use an intermediary substance. Radiation heat transfer is not the same as conduction and convection. In radiation, for heat transfer to occur, the two objects do not always have to meet because heat can move without an intermediary substance. Which means that heat will be emitted in all directions by the heat source, and will flow in all directions. For example, when we are with a bonfire from any angle, we will still feel the warmth from the source of the fire. Another example is the sun's heat that reaches the earth and other planets.

Prevention of Heat Transfer

Heat transfer by convection, conduction and radiation can be prevented by isolating the room. Like for example a thermos is used to keep the water temperature hot by preventing heat transfer.

Calorimeter

The calorimeter is composed of two vessels of copper and copper whose heat type is unknown. The small vessel is placed in another larger vessel. So that the two vessels do not come into contact, an insulator is placed on the two vessels as a heat insulating material, for example cork. This insulating material is useful for holding back the heat that is in the calorimeter so it doesn't come out and also no heat enters from the outside.

Generally the lid used is made of wood which can also be used as a good insulator. In general, there are two holes whose function is to place the thermometer and stirrer. When a metal sample is introduced into the calorimeter, the water in it does not have to be stirred so that the system can reach thermal equilibrium quickly. This stirring rod is made of the same material as the calorimeter vessel.

Thus has been explained about Definition of Heat, Type, Formula, Capacity and Displacement, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.

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