√ Axiology: Definition, According to Experts and Their Sections
Axiology: Definition, According to Experts and Their Sections – On this occasion, Around Knowledge will discuss Axiology. Which in this discussion explains the meaning of axiology, according to experts, its aspects and parts, for more details see the following article.
Axiology: Definition, According to Experts and Their Sections
The word axiology comes from the Greek word axios which means value. As well as logos which means science or theory. So, Understanding Axiology is a theory of value. The value referred to here is something that is owned by humans to make various considerations about what is valued.
Axiology According to Experts
To get to know more about axiology, here are some definitions of axiology put forward by some experts, namely as follows:
According to Jujun S. suriasumantri
According to Jujun S. Suriasumantri, the axiology contained in his book philosophy of science is a popular introduction that This axiology is defined as a theory of value that relates to the usefulness of the knowledge acquired get.
According to Bramel
Axiology According to Bramel is divided into three parts, namely:
- Moral conduct, is a moral action, this field gave birth to a special discipline, namely ethics.
- Esthetic expression, is an expression of beauty. This field raises or gives birth to a beauty.
- Socio-political life, is a social-political life, which will give birth to or give rise to socio-political philosophy.
According to Wibisono (in Surajiyo, 2009:152)
According to Wibisono, axiology is values as a measure of truth, ethics and morals as a normative basis for research and exploration, as well as the application of knowledge.
According to Kattsoff (2004: 319)
According to Kattsoff, axiology is a science that investigates the nature of values which are generally viewed from a philosophical point of view.
Axiological Aspects
The axiological aspect of philosophy discusses the problem of values or morals that apply in human life. From axiology, broadly speaking, two branches of philosophy emerge that discuss aspects of the quality of human life, namely ethics and aesthetics.
Why in philosophy there is a view that says value is very important. This is because philosophy as a philosophy of life teaches the values contained in a useful life, namely as a controller of human scientific nature. This value theory is the same as religion which guides human life.
Ethics
Ethics is a branch of philosophy that discusses morality, good and bad values define it as values or norms that become the basis of humans or also society that regulates behavior he did.
Ethics is derived from two (2) words namely ethos which means nature, character, habits, and ethic which means morality, civility or good behavior and deeds.
In other terms it is called moral which comes from the Latin mores, the plural of mos which means custom, habit. In Arabic it is referred to as akhlaq which means manners and in Indonesian it is referred to as the moral system.
In this case there are various divisions of ethics made by ethicists, some experts divide them into two parts, viz
Descriptive ethics
Descriptive ethics is a way of describing moral behavior in a broad sense. For example: customs, assumptions about good or bad, actions that are allowed or not. This descriptive ethic studies the morality found in certain individuals, cultures or sub-cultures.
Therefore, this descriptive ethics does not provide any judgment, it only conveys or describes. This descriptive ethics is more neutral. For example, the depiction of a headhunting custom among primitive tribes.
Descriptive ethics can be divided into 2 (two) parts, namely:
- Moral history, which examines the ideals, norms that have been applied in human life to period of time as well as a certain place or in a large environment that includes several nations.
- Moral phenomenology, which seeks to find the meaning and meaning of morality from various existing moral phenomena.
Normative Ethics
Normative ethics, namely basing its establishment on norms. He can question the norms accepted by a person or society in a more critical manner. He can also question whether the norm is true or not.
This normative ethics has the meaning of systems that are intended to be able to provide guidance or guidance in making decisions that are good or bad. Normative ethics is often also referred to as moral philosophy or also called philosophical ethics.
This normative ethics can be divided into 2 (two) theories, viz
- Value theory
- Necessity theory
These value theories question the nature of goodness. While this theory of necessity discusses behavior. There are also those who divide this normative ethics into two groups namely
- This consequentialist argues that the morality of an action is determined by its consequences.
- The non-consequentialists argue that the morality of an action is determined by the causes that are the impetus of the action or determined by its essential characteristics or also by its existence in accordance with the provisions and principles certain.
Aesthetics
Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy that questions art and beauty. The term aesthetics comes from the Greek word which means aesthesis, namely sensory absorption, intellectual understanding, or it can also mean spiritual observation. The term art comes from the Latin word ars, which means art, skill, knowledge or skill.
Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy that pays attention to the nature of beauty, art, taste or taste, creation and appreciation of beauty. Scientifically, it is defined as the study/science of values resulting from sensory-emotions which are sometimes referred to as sentimentality values or tastes or tastes.
Broadly speaking, this aesthetic is defined as a critical reflection of art, culture and nature. This aesthetic is associated with axiology, which is a branch of philosophy and is also associated with the philosophy of art.
This aesthetic can be divided into two parts, namely descriptive aesthetics and normative aesthetics.
- Ubu descriptive aesthetics describes and describes the phenomena of experiencing beauty.
- This normative aesthetic questions and also investigates the nature, basis, and also the size of the experience of beauty.
There are also those who divide aesthetics into a philosophy of art (philosophy of art) and also a philosophy of beauty (philosophy of beauty). This philosophy of art emphasizes the ontological status of works of art and also questions knowledge what art creates and also what art can provide to connect people with reality. The philosophy of beauty discusses whether beauty exists, whether beautiful values are objective or subjective.
Thus the explanation about Axiology: Definition, According to Experts and Their Sections. Hopefully it can be useful and add to your insight. Thank You.
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