Collenchyma Network: Definition, Structure, Characteristics, Functions and Kinds
Collenchyma Network: Definition, Structure, Characteristics, Functions and Types – Collenchyma tissue, also called strengthening or supporting tissue, is one of the constituent tissues of plants. To understand it better, let's follow the discussion about the collenchyma network below.
Collenchyma Network: Definition, Structure, Characteristics, Functions and Kinds
Collenchyma tissue is a network that functions as a strengthening and supporting network plant organs which are still actively growing and developing so that they can stand upright.
The nature of collenchyma tissue is generally rigid, and the cells are still actively carrying out metabolism because they are living cells. The location of collenchyma tissue is under the epidermal tissue. Collenchyma tissue is found in dicot plants and some gymnosperms of actively growing stems and leaves and fruit.
Characteristics of Collenchyma Network
- Elongated and parallel to the center of the organ it occupies.
- The cell wall does not contain lignin, but contains pectin, cellulose and hemicellulose.
- Some collenchyma cells have chloroplasts so they can also function to support photosynthesis.
- In collenchyma cell walls usually experience local thickening.
- Works on plant organs that are still active.
- Usually found in young plants, especially on the petiole, leaf veins, and twigs.
- The cells are tightly packed together so that the available free space is very small.
- The cells contain protoplasm.
- Has a large and prominent vacuole because it contains a secretory. Around the vacuole there is granular cytoplasm and in the middle of the vacuole there is a cell nucleus or nucleus.
Types of Collenchyma Networks
angular
The angular collenchyma is thickened at the corners. For example, collenchyma tissue is usually found in leaves, giving them a wavy texture. We can study it specifically in the leaves of the celery plant.
Annular
Annular is one of the rarest types, for example, collenchyma tissue can be seen in the leaves of the carrot plant. It is characterized by an evenly thickened cell wall and is believed to be purely for support and structure in all directions, with no one side wall being thicker.
Lamellar (Tangential)
Lamellar collenchyma is thickened in the tangential cell walls only. These collenchyma have a thick cell wall when parallel to the surface of the structure on which they are found. This thickening allows for greater strength and support in the outer layers of the plant structure.
Lacunate (Lacunar)
Lacunate collenchyma is thickened on the surface of the intercellular spaces. Lacunar collenchyma tissue is known for having lots of interspaces between cells. These fit together like a matrix and fill in the spaces in the plant parts that are empty and collapse easily.
Collenchyma Network Function
- To strengthen, support or support young organs where they are growing or on herbs so they can stand firm and strong.
- Able to adapt to organ lengthening without loss of strength.
- Has an ability in increasing the surface and wall thickness.
Collenchyma Network Structure
Collenchyma tissue is composed of living protoplast cells with thickened walls of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. (with high enough levels), the cells are elastic, meaning they can develop and adapt to elongated growth organ. The shape of the cells is elongated, functioning as supporting tissue.
The cells sometimes contain chloroplasts so they can carry out the process of photosynthesis. The cells that make up this collenchyma network are like parenchyma that have undergone simple differentiation, especially in terms of thickening of the cell walls.
Generally cells elongate along the long axis of plant organs. Collenchyma cells are generally found in peripheral areas, for example directly inside the epidermis of the stem or in the cortex area, inside of several layers of the outermost parenchyma cells. This collenchyma network sometimes forms closed circles on the stem or in groups, especially on the petiole ridges, for example in Apium graveolens (celery).
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