Sound Is: Definition, Terms, Speed, Characteristics and Types
Sound Is: Definition, Terms, Speed, Characteristics and Types - On this occasion About Knowledge will discuss about Sound. Which in this discussion explains the meaning of sound, terms, speed, nature, type and formula for the speed of its propagation. For more details, see the following article.
Sound Is: Definition, Terms, Speed, Characteristics and Types
Sound is part of one type of wave that can be heard by the sense of hearing (ears). Sound or sound is a mechanical compression or longitudinal wave that propagates through the medium. The medium (intermediate substance) can be a liquid, solid or gas. So, sound waves can propagate in water, coal, air and so on.
Definition of Sound
The definition of sound is a type of wave in physics, namely longitudinal waves which can be felt by the sense of hearing (ears). In physics, the definition of sound is something that is produced by a vibrating object. An object that can produce a sound is called a sound source.
The source of the vibrating sound will also vibrate the air molecules around it. Therefore, the condition for the occurrence of sound is the existence of two vibrating objects. In this sound propagation also requires a medium, you can hear the sound if there is a medium that can propagate the sound.
Sound Occurrence Process
Quoted from the book Arif Smart Elementary School Grade 4, sound comes from vibrating objects. Examples are like, the human vocal cords, the harmonica that is blown, the drum that is beaten, the guitar that is plucked, and many more.
The vibrations will also cause sound waves in the air. The stronger the object vibrates, the stronger the sound it produces. Conversely, if the weaker the object vibrates, the weaker the sound that will be generated by the object.
The sound that is in the air will be caught by the earlobe. Furthermore, this sound will enter the ear canal and then hit the eardrum to vibrate. The vibrations will be transmitted to the hammer, anvil, stirrup and move towards the cochlea.
This vibration will also make the cochlea vibrate and the hair cells curl. Next, namely, the auditory nerve sends signals to the brain. Next, the brain will interpret the signal as sound.
Sound can also be recognized by certain characteristics, including:
- This is a longitudinal wave.
- Cannot propagate in a vacuum.
- Disa experiences resonance and reflection.
- The propagation speed is affected by the density of the propagation medium.
Sound Terms
The following are conditions for the occurrence and sound of sound, namely:
- There is a vibrating object (source of sound).
- There is a medium that propagates sound.
- There is a receiver within range of the sound source.
Speed of Sound
Sound has a limited propagation speed, sound also requires time to move from one place to another. Fast sound propagation is actually not too big. The speed of sound is much smaller when compared to the speed of light. Even now people have also been able to make planes that can fly several times faster than the speed of sound.
Sound Formulas
The speed of sound is also often formulated as follows:
v=s/t
v = speed of sound (m/s), s = distance from source to observer (m), t = time interval (s)
However, if the frequency, wavelength or period are known, the wave propagation formula that can be used is:
Notes:
- Frequency (f), is the number of sound waves that pass a certain point in one second. This frequency is denoted by the letter f and the unit of frequency is Hertz (Hz).
- Period (T), Is the time needed to go through one wave. This period is denoted by the letter T and the unit for the period is seconds or seconds (s).
Nature of Sound
Sound has certain properties, the nature of the sound wave, among others, namely:
- This is a longitudinal wave.
- Cannot propagate in a vacuum.
- The speed of the propagation is influenced by the density of the propagation medium (solid, liquid and gas). The highest speed is in a medium that has a high density as well.
- Can experience resonance as well as reflection.
- Requires a medium in its propagation or cannot propagate in a vacuum.
Sound also has the same properties as waves, including:
-
Sound Can Be Reflected
Sound can bounce when it hits an object or obstacle. After bouncing, the sound will produce an echo or echo. Echo is a sound that comes from reflections that sound clear. Meanwhile, echo is a sound produced from reflections that is heard together with the original sound, so that the sound that is heard is not clear or faint. -
Defractionable Sound
Sound can be refracted or refracted. This property makes the sound that will be produced not as loud as the original sound. For example, the sound of thunder sounds louder at night than during the day. -
Sound can Travel
Sound can be heard by the ear because of the process of sound propagation. Sound travels through mediums such as gases, liquids and solids. The process of sound propagation has a different speed in each medium. Sound is the fastest to propagate through solids and the slowest to propagate through gases such as air. An example is like when we dive in water, the sound can still be heard.
Sound Resonance
Resonance is an event or event in which an object vibrates due to the vibration of another object because the frequency is the same. Sound can also experience reflection, which in the sound reflection process is used as:
- Sound velocity determination
- Detection of defects and cracks in metal pipes
- Geophysics survey
- Metal plate thickness measurement
- Spot depth measurement.
Sound Type
Sounds can be grouped into several types, including the following:
Infrasound sound
Infrasound is a sound that has a frequency of less than 20 Hz, which dogs, crickets, geese and horses can hear.
Audiosonic sound
Audiosonic sound is a sound that has a frequency between 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz and can be heard by humans.
Ultrasound sound
Ultrasonic sound is a sound that has a frequency of more than 20,000 Hz, which bats and dolphins can hear.
Tone
Tone is a sound that has a regular frequency.
Sigh
Wheezing is a sound that has an irregular frequency.
Reverberation or rumbling
Reverberation or crackling is a reflected sound that partially comes along with the original sound, so that this disturbs the original sound.
Echo
Echo is a reflected sound that comes after the original sound is issued, so this will strengthen the original sound.
Thus the explanation about Sound Is: Definition, Terms, Speed, Characteristics and Types. Hopefully it can be useful and add to your insight. Thank You.
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