√ Definition of National Parks, Functions, Purpose, Benefits, Types and Examples
Definition of National Parks, Functions, Purpose, Benefits, Types and Examples – In this discussion we will explain about National Parks. Which includes the meaning, function, purpose, benefits, types and examples with complete and easy-to-understand discussion.
Definition of National Parks, Functions, Purpose, Benefits, Types and Examples
For more details, please see the review below carefully.
Definition of National Park
The National Park is a nature conservation area that has native ecosystems, managed by a zoning system used for research, science, education, supporting cultivation, tourism and recreation purposes. The national park is one of the conservation areas which contains aspects of preservation and utilization.
At first, the idea of forming a national park or national park originally appeared in the 19th century. Then at the beginning of the formation of national parks in Indonesia occurred in the era of the 80s.
The designation of a national park at that time was motivated by a change in the management status of the area previously determined by the Dutch East Indies government as a style sanctuary, nature reserve, wildlife and also a monument natural.
Definition of National Parks According to Experts
The following is the definition of a national park according to experts.
Basuni
The definition of a national park according to Basuni is a conservation area on land or at sea which has original characteristics and also a diversity of ecosystems distinctive because of flora and fauna or geomorphology and or culture, which has an aesthetic value which as a whole concerns matters of interest as well is a national or international natural wealth heritage, which is managed with the aim of preserving natural resources, education, recreation, research, and tourism.
Directorate General of PHKA, Ministry of Forestry and Plantations
The definition of a national park according to the Directorate General of PHKA of the Ministry of Forestry and Plantations is a nature conservation area that has an ecosystem native, managed with a zoning system utilized for research, science, education, nature recreation and support purposes cultivation.
MacKinnon et al (1993)
The definition of a national park according to MacKinnon et al is an area intended for natural area protection as well as scenic views that are important, nationally and internationally and which have value in scientific, recreational as well as scientific uses education.
Law No. 5 of 1980
The definition of a national park according to Law no. 5 of 1980 concerning the Conservation of Natural Resources (SDA) and their Ecosystems is a nature conservation area that having native ecosystems, managed with a zoning system and utilized for research purposes in education, nature tourism, recreation and support cultivation.
Functions and Purpose of National Parks
There are functions and objectives of national parks, including:
- Carry out maintenance of representative samples of the main biotic units to preserve their function in the ecosystem
- Carry out maintenance of ecological diversity and environmental law
- Maintain objects, structures and heritage sites or cultural heritage
- Protecting the natural scenery but limited to a portion of the national park area
- Setting up recreational and tourism facilities, but limited to several national park areas
- Setting up educational, research and environmental monitoring facilities in natural areas.
- Providing support for the development and development of rural areas and rational use of marginal land
- Undertake maintenance of watershed production and achieved in conjunction with other appropriate objectives.
- Carry out erosion control and deposition or sedimentation and also protect investment in downstream areas.
Benefits of National Parks
The benefits of national parks include the following:
-
Aesthetics
National parks can be used as something that can maintain the balance of both biotic and abiotic on land or water. -
Future Guarantee
Diversity of natural resources in protected areas both on land and in waters that have guarantees to be used in a limited way for a more life for the present generation and also for future generations come. -
Economy
National parks can be used so that they have economic value that can help in increasing the income of the population or foreign exchange. -
Education and Research
National parks can be used as a place to develop science, education and research. -
Ecology
National parks can maintain a balance of life both biotic and abiotic on land or water.
Various National Park Zones
According to Government Regulation no. 68 of 1998, there are several types of zones or types of national park areas, including:
Core Zone
The Core Zone is part of a national park that has a diversity of plant and animal species as well as their ecosystems and represents certain biota formations and/or a unit whose composition is characteristic of an ecosystem within the national territory whose physical condition is still original and has not been disturbed by man.
This zone has natural conditions, either in the form of biota or physic which are still original and not or have not been disturbed by humans. The core zone of the national park has a sufficient area and a certain shape to guarantee the survival of certain species.
The function of the core zone of the national park is to protect the ecosystem, preserve the unique flora and fauna as well as their habitat which is sensitive to disturbance and change. Sources of germplasm from wild plant and animal species, for research purposes as well as scientific development, support for cultivation and education.
Jungle Zone
The jungle zone is an area that becomes a habitat or home range to protect and support the breeding of wild animal species. In this zone there is an ecosystem and a diversity of species whose function is as a buffer for the core zone and is useful as a place for migratory animal species to live.
The function of the jungle zone is for preservation activities and utilization of natural resources and the natural environment for research interests, habitat for migrant animals, conservation education, cultivation support, limited tourism, and support core zone.
Utilization Zone
Utilization Zone is a zone that has natural attractions, such as animals, plants or certain ecosystem information as well as beautiful geological formations and unique with sufficient area to guarantee the preservation of potential and also in the form of an attraction that can be used for the presence of tourism and recreation natural.
The function of the national park utilization zone is for the development of nature tourism as well as recreation, environmental services, development education and research which can support the presence of utilization and also supporting activities cultivation.
Examples of National Parks in Indonesia
Currently there are around 50 National Parks in Indonesia which are managed under the Ministry of Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia, such as Gunung Leuser National Park in North Sumatra and Aceh.
Then Kerinci Seblat National Park in Jambi, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park in North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Bengkulu and South Sumatra. Komodo National Park in East Nusa Tenggara, Lorentz National Park in West Papua, Ujung Kulon National Park in Banten and others.
Thus has been explained about Definition of National Parks, Functions, Purpose, Benefits, Types and Examples, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles
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