Adab Is: Meaning, Influencing Factors and Examples

Adab Is: Meaning, Influencing Factors and Examples – What is meant by adab?, On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss it and of course other things that also cover it. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.

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Adab Is: Meaning, Influencing Factors and Examples

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Adab is etymologically interpreted as refinement and good manners; courtesy; morals. As for "civilized" means having manners, having good manners, being polite.

In language, the notion of adab is a noble character in the form of behavior, character or rules based on norms or religion. Adab comes from Arabic which means education or educate.

According to the Greek, adab means custom or ethics. In essence, adab is a behavior that shows delicacy and good manners; courtesy; morals to educate oneself to become a person who understands the rules and is responsible.

Civilized humans will become fair persons so they deserve to be leaders. In addition, civilized humans will continue to learn and improve themselves to perfect their morals.

Adab is one of the important things in cultivating love for the Creator and for fellow human beings. Not only that, this adab is also important in preventing humans from doing bad things.

According to KH. Hasyim Asy'ari, as quoted by Adian Husaini, said that adab is a unique term in Islam as well as the meaning of faith, Islam, worship and others. Adab is not just "politeness" or good manners, or what is popular today with the term building character (character building) in an education.

Reading the explanations of the commentators on the verse "ya ayyuha alladzina amanu qu anfusakum wa expertkum naran" (Surah at-Tahrim [66]: 6) regarding the order to protect the family from the fire of hell, there is a strong correlation between education and adab.

Abdurrahman Nashir as-Sa'di, for example, interprets this command as the meaning of adab and knowledge education. He stated "wa wiqayah al-ahli wa al-aulad bi ta`dibihim wa ta'limihim wa ijbarihim 'ala amrillah" [And taking care of his wife and children by teaching them "ta`dib" / adab education and "ta'lim" (education knowledge)].

In line with the above, the opinion of Ali bin Abi Talib in Tafsir Ibn Katsir, said that what is meant by the order to take care of oneself and one's family is to teach them manners and knowledge (addibuhum wa 'allimuhum).

In another commentary book, Mufassir al-Maraghi states, this verse contains an injunction to teach obedience to Allah and carry out all of His commands. As you also have an obligation to educate your family with charity through advice and adab. "wahmiluhum 'ala dzalika bi an-nushhi wa at-ta`dib".

According to Muhammad Syed Naquib al-Attas, education is seeding and cultivating adab in a person, this is called ta'dib. The Qur'an confirms that the ideal example for a civilized person is the Prophet Shallahu 'Alaihi Wassallam Muhammad. By him, the aim of Islamic education is to produce civilized human beings or good human beings (to produce a good man).

Civilized humans or adabiy people are humans who know their God, know and love the Prophet Shallahu 'Alaihi Wassallam, making the Prophet Shallahu 'Alaihi Wassallam as uswatun hasanah, respecting the scholars as the inheritors of the Prophet Shallahu 'Alaihi Wassallam, understanding and putting knowledge in a better place dear. He can also sort and understand between useful and destructive knowledge, and is able to carry out his functions as Abdullah and caliph on earth.

Finally, the current decadence of adab and morals is certainly not without cause. One of them is when a teacher only appears as a transfer of knowledge without setting an example and etiquette education (transfer of value). As a result, they have extensive knowledge but are confused with their own thoughts (confused of knowledge).*/Masykur Abu Jaulah

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Factors Affecting Adab

The factors that affect human manners, including namely:

• Religious Teachings

Basically, religion is a foundation in everyday life and also a provision for life in the future. Those who get proper religious education will know how important adab is in life.

Those who believe will obey the rules of their religion and tend to be afraid of doing bad deeds so that it is easier to instill adab. In fact, humans who comply with the law of the sharia of their lives will be more peaceful, peaceful and happy.

• Customs

Customs are one of the things that influence human attitudes and can later affect manners. Customs are synonymous with attitudes that are hereditary and have been maintained for a long time. For this reason, this affects human daily habits. However, in some conditions this custom is not in accordance with the law or religious teachings. They tend to justify what they think is right, not the real truth. So, it is necessary to sort out every custom that exists in learning to be a civilized human being.

• Lust

Lust is one of the driving factors for humans to get things such as food, ambition, biological relationships to luxuries. Lust is the thing that most often plunges humans, especially if it is not controlled by conscience or adheres to religion. To improve manners, humans must always maintain good desires in their souls. In addition, one must diligently carry out religious orders and stay away from its prohibitions.

• Constitution

The law is the basic rule in the life of the state. These rules are made as best as possible for the prosperity of the people. There are no negative laws. For this reason, civilized humans will certainly behave according to the rules of law.

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Kinds of Adab in Islam and Examples

Here are some kinds of Islamic natural adab along with examples:

• Dressing Manners

Among them are:

• • Must pay attention to the requirements of Islamic clothing, such as being able to cover the nakedness, especially women.
  • Wear clean and neat clothes.
  • Should give priority to the right limb, then the left.
  • It does not resemble women's clothing for men, or men's clothing for women.
  • Does not resemble the clothes of Jewish or Christian priests or symbolize the greatness of other religions.
  • Not too tight and transparent, so that it seems like you want to show your curves or show off the softness of your skin.
  • Not too excessive or intentionally widening the cloth, so that it seems heavy and awkward to use, besides that it can reduce the value of the wearer's decency and beauty.
  • Before wearing clothes, let pray.

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  Ornate manners

Among them are:

• • Wear jewelry or tools for decoration that are lawful and do not contain the effects of dependence.
  • Use tools or decorative items as needed and appropriate and not excessive.
  • Prioritize the right side of the body then the left.
  • Decorate for the purpose of worship or goodness, such as to perform prayers, recite the Koran, study, welcome your beloved husband, and so on.
  • Read basmalah before starting to decorate, in order to get blessings and rewards.
  • Read a prayer every time facing the mirror to decorate.

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  Traveling Manners

Among them are:

• • Saying greetings when leaving the house, so that Allah will provide safety for both those who leave and those who are left behind.
  • Write a will or message if there are things that are considered important and if you are traveling to a place that is very far away and takes a long time.
  • Forgive each other, so that there is no burden for those who want to leave or those who are left behind
  • Read a prayer before leaving or leaving the house.
  • Intention to deliberately travel to work or study in order to seek the pleasure of SWT.

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  Adab Meet

Among them are:

• • Before entering someone's house, we must first ask permission by saying hello, if the host invites us to enter, then we enter his house politely.
  • As guests, if we do not find the host, or feel that the host is not welcome for one reason or another, then immediately leave the house, but do not show disappointment at the unkind treatment of the host the.
  • If you have been well received, do not do as you please in other people's homes, even though the host has said, treat it as your own home. Those are his rights and obligations as the host, while you have your own rights and obligations as a guest.
  • Being a guest at a close friend's house must still maintain politeness. Don't look at all the objects in the house, unless the host really invites you to
  • If we are served food and drink, then taste the food and drink after we are invited by the host to taste it. if the food and drink are not to our taste then don't show that we don't like it, but just taste it just.
  • If you feel you have enough, then with a rather heavy attitude we say goodbye, to go home. Don't forget to convey your appreciation for the greeting with the hope that we will await his arrival at our home, and can meet again another time.

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