The Process of Groundwater Occurrence: Definition of Groundwater According to Experts, Types and Benefits
The Process of Groundwater Occurrence: Definition of Groundwater According to Experts, Types and Benefits – How is the Process of Groundwater Occurring? On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss the Process of Groundwater Occurrence and other elements about it. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.
The Process of Groundwater Occurrence: Definition of Groundwater According to Experts, Types and Benefits
Groundwater comes from rainwater that seeps into the earth and comes out to the earth's surface in the form of springs or springs infiltration The layer of soil in the earth that is easily passed through or carries water is called an aquifer or carrier water. This groundwater fills the soil layers due to infiltration and percolation processes. This infiltration is the movement of water absorption into the soil through the pores of the soil and Percolation is the movement of water that seeps into the soil through the cracks of the rocks until it becomes saturated.
Rainwater will mostly flow to the surface as surface water such as lakes, rivers or swamps. A small part of the rainwater will seep into the ground which, if it continues to seep until the saturation zone, will become groundwater. The part that seeps near the surface will be evaporated again through the plant which is called evapotranspiration. Evaporation occurs directly on the open water.
Groundwater can be located tens to hundreds of meters below the earth's surface. The layers of rock that allow water to pass are called permeable and those that do not pass or are impermeable are called impermeable. The layer that is permeable to water consists of sand, gravel, pumice, and also cracked rock while the layer that is impermeable consists of marl and clay. Actually, clay can absorb water, but after it is saturated, the soil cannot absorb water anymore.
Groundwater is one of the facets of the hydrologic cycle, which is a gradual sequence in which water passes from the atmosphere to the earth and back to the atmosphere repeatedly.
Definition of Groundwater According to Experts
Groundwater is water that is found in layers of soil or layers of rock that are below the surface of the soil. Ground water is also one of the water resources besides river water and also rain water. The following is the definition of groundwater according to experts, including:
Ashdak, 2002
Groundwater is any form of rainwater flow that flows beneath the surface of the soil as a result of the geological layering structure, potential differences in soil moisture and earth's gravitational forces. Groundwater is commonly known as groundwater.
Bouwer, 1978; Freeze and Cherry, 1979; Kodoatie, 1996
Groundwater is the amount of water below the earth's surface that can be collected by wells, tunnels or drainage systems or by pumping. It can also be called a stream that naturally flows to the ground surface through jets or seepage.
Fetter, 1994
Groundwater is water stored in saturated zones which then moves as a flow through rocks and layers of soil that are on earth until the water comes out as springs or collects into ponds, lakes, river, and sea. The upper limit of the water saturation zone is known as the water table.
Soemarto, 1989
Groundwater is water that occupies cavities in geological layers. The layer of soil that lies beneath the soil surface is called the saturated zone and strip unsaturated is found above the saturation strip to the surface of the soil where the cavities are filled with water and air.
Types of Ground Water
Based on Origin
- Meteorite waterMeteorite water or Vedos water is groundwater that comes from rain that seeps into the ground.
- Fossil WaterFossil Water or Connate Water is groundwater that is trapped in the pores of the rocks when the rocks are formed. Groundwater can come from fresh or sea water which is highly mineralized.
- Juvenile Water, Juvenile water or volcanic water, namely ground water that comes from magnetic water or water that comes from magma.
Based on Location
- Shallow Groundwaterl, Shallow groundwater or praatic water, namely groundwater that is found on top of a layer of soil that is impermeable and close to the surface of the earth. For example: Rivers, lakes, well water, swamps etc.
- Deep GroundwaterDeep groundwater is groundwater found in a layer between two impermeable layers. For example: artesian water sources whose water comes from underground water.
Benefits and Functions of Groundwater
- Meeting household needs, such as washing, drinking etc.
- As irrigation
- Clean water provider
- As a power plant
- As a natural laboratory
- As a tourist spot
- Fulfilling industrial needs
Chemical Content of Groundwater
According to Kodoatie (2012) the chemical content of a groundwater depends on a system on the flow of groundwater. There are three groundwater flow systems, including local systems, intermediate systems, and also regional systems.
The local system for the dominant chemical elements is HCO3, Ca, and Mg.
Then the intermediate system, the dominant chemical elements of groundwater are usually NaSO4 and Cl.
After that the regional system, the dominant elements of this groundwater include Na, Cl, loss of elements of Co2 and O2.
Apart from that, the water that seeps below the surface of the soil will then carry other elements that are dissolved in the water.
Some of the chemical constituents include the following:
- Main element, containing 1-1000 mg/l, including magnesium, silica, bicarbonate, sodium, chloride, sulfate, and calcium;
- Secondary element, has a content of 0.01-10 mg/l, including fluoride, nitrate, potassium, iron, boron, and strountium;
- minor element, containing 0.001-0.1 mg/l, including cobalt, bromine, copper, barium, aluminum, chromium, atimon, uranium, nickel, zinc, lead and arsenic; as well as
- Rare element, having a content of less than 0.001 mg/l include tungsten, zircon, silver, indium, radium, scandium, platinum, tin and beryllium.
Thus the review from About the knowledge.co.id about The Process of Groundwater Occurrence, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.
List of contents
Recommendation:
- Inclined Plane: Definition, Formulas, Mechanical Advantage And… Oblique Plane: Definition, Formulas, Mechanical Advantages and Examples of Problems - What is meant by plane oblique and how to calculate the physics? naturally…
- Karate: Definition, History, Basic Techniques and Flow Karate: Definition, History, Basic Techniques and Trends - What is Karate? On this occasion, AboutKnowledge.co.id will discuss what Karate is and other things about it. Let's take a look at the discussion on...
- Standby Scout Material: Ranks, Honor Codes and Requirements… Standby Scout Materials: Ranks, Honor Codes and General Proficiency Requirements - What are the materials for alert level scouts? On this occasion, Seputarknowledge.co.id will discuss it, including the level of alert scouts,…
- Local Content: Understanding According to Experts,… Local Content: Understanding According to Experts, Foundation, Purpose, Scope and Terms of Development - What is Does it mean local content? On this occasion, Around the Knowledge.co.id will discuss what local content is and things other…
- Purpose of Explanatory Text: Definition, Structure, Characteristics, Rules,… Purpose of Explanatory Text: Definition, Structure, Characteristics, Rules, Examples - In this discussion we will explain about explanatory text. Which includes the understanding of explanatory text, the purpose of explanatory text, the structure of the text...
- 31 Benefits of Tomatoes for Skin Health & Beauty 31 Benefits of Tomatoes for Health & Facial Skin Beauty - Tomatoes are one of the plants found in South America, tomatoes are in the family of green or red peppers, potatoes. Amongst the community…
- Example of historical story text in Indonesia Examples of historical story texts in Indonesia – What are examples of historical stories like? This time around the knowledge.co.id will discuss examples of historical stories and their structure. Let's take a look at the discussion in the article on…
- 9 Kinds of Wind: Definition and Explanation 9 Types of Wind: Definition and Explanation - On this occasion we will explain about Wind. Which includes the meaning of wind, types of wind and explanations with complete and easy-to-understand discussion.
- Example of Cultural Arts Questions for Class 10 (X) SMA/MA/SMK Semester 1… Examples of Class 10 (X) Cultural Arts Questions for SMA/MA/SMK Semesters 1 and 2 (2019 and 2020) - On this occasion, Seputarknowledge.co.id will discuss Multiple Choice Class 10 Cultural Arts Questions and Essay…
- Adsorption: Definition, Working Principle, Types, Factors That… Adsorption: Definition, Working Principle, Types, Influencing Factors and Examples - What is Adsorption?, On this occasion, about the knowledge.co.id will discuss it and of course other things as well covered it. Let's see…
- 10 Abnormalities in the Human Eye and Their Explanations (Complete) 10 Abnormalities in the Human Eye and Their Explanation (Complete) - Eyes are one of the most vital and very important sensory organs for humans. Therefore, it is important for us to always maintain…
- Islamic Words of Wisdom Islamic Words of Wisdom - On this occasion, SeputihKnowledge.co.id will discuss Islamic Words of Wisdom and examples. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to get more...
- Definition of Novel: Characteristics, Structure, Elements and Types of Novels Definition of Novel: Characteristics, Structure, Elements and Types of Novel - What is a Novel? Novel is a literary work in the form of prose with a long narrative telling about life and characters. At this time…
- Sharia Accounting: Understanding According to Experts, Basic… Syari'ah Accounting: Understanding According to Experts, Legal Basis, Characteristics, Purpose, Principles, Characteristics And The advantages - What is sharia accounting and its advantages? discuss it and...
- Sample Physical Education Questions for Class 11 (XI) SMA/MA/SMK Semester 1 and 2 Examples of Physical Education Questions for Class 11 (XI) for SMA/MA/SMK Semester 1 and 2 (2019 and 2020) - On this occasion, Seputarknowledge.co.id will discuss examples of Physical Education Questions for Class 11 Multiple Choice and Essay...
- Precipitation is: 12 Definitions According to Experts, Types,… Precipitation is: 12 Definitions According to Experts Types, and Factors - In this discussion, Around Knowledge will explain about Precipitation. Precipation is a climatic event that is natural,...
- Factors Causing Global Climate Change and Its Impacts Factors Causing Global Climate Change and Its Impacts – The occurrence of drought in several regions in Indonesia is inseparable from the conditions in the South Pacific Ocean. If in the South Pacific Ocean the situation is not...
- Alternative Energy: Understanding According to Experts, Characteristics,… Alternative Energy: Understanding According to Experts, Characteristics, Benefits, Terms and Types - What is energy alternative?, On this occasion Seputarknowledge.co.id will discuss it and of course about other things Also…
- Example of a Non-Fiction Book Review: Purpose and Benefits of a Review Example of a Non-Fiction Book Review: Purpose and Benefits of a Review - What is meant by a non-fiction book review?
- Computer Hardware: How it Works, Types, Examples and… Computer Hardware: How it Works, Types, Examples and Functions - In today's computerized era, we are definitely familiar with computers and their devices. However, some may not know...
- √ Definition of Lithosphere, Types, Materials and Benefits Definition of Lithosphere, Types, Materials and Benefits - In this discussion, Around Knowledge, we will discuss Geography, precisely the lithosphere. Maybe some of us have often heard of it, but it's good if we listen to it...
- Microscope Images: Definition, History, Types, Parts, How to… Microscope Images: Definition, History, Types, Parts, How Microscopes Work and Care - How close are they do you recognize the shape and function of a microscope? At this time, about the knowledge Microscope…
- Definition of Chemical Elements and Their Grouping (Discussion… Definition of Chemical Elements and Their Grouping (Full Discussion) - Here will be discussed about understanding of chemical elements, grouping or division of chemical elements based on their nature and based on his discovery. Let's look at the discussion below...
- News Text: Definition, Characteristics, Elements, Structure, Terms,… News Text: Definition, Characteristics, Elements, Structure, Terms, Language Rules, Writing Guidelines and Examples - What is meant by News Text? On this occasion, Seputarknowledge.co.id will discuss about...
- Educational Administration: Definition, Purpose, Functions,… Educational Administration: Definition, Purpose, Functions, Principles, Duties and Scope - How is Administration What is Education? On this occasion, Se regarding the knowledge.co.id will discuss what education administration is and its elements other elements...
- Cone formulas, characteristics, properties, elements and examples of problems Cone Formulas, Characteristics, Properties, Elements and Examples Problem - How to calculate the area and volume of a shape cone space?, On this occasion, Seputarknowledge.co.id will discuss it and of course about other things Which…
- √ Understanding Particle Dynamics, Types of Forces and Relationships… Definition of Particle Dynamics, Types of Forces and Mass Relations - In this discussion we will explain about particle dynamics. Which includes the understanding of particle dynamics, the types of particle dynamics forces and the relationship...
- Prayer for Entering the House: Manners for Entering and Exiting the House, Prayer for Leaving the House… Prayer for Entering the House: Adab for Entering and Exiting the House, Prayer for Leaving the House and Its Priorities - How to Read Prayer Entering and Exiting the House which is recommended in Islam? At this opportunity About knowledge.co.id…
- Swimming Material: History, Understanding According to Experts, Style,… Swimming Materials: History, Expert Definition, Styles, Benefits, Basic Principles and Techniques - Anything what needs to be learned in swimming material? discuss…
- √ Definition of the Five Senses, Types, Kinds and Functions Definition of the Five Senses, Types, Kinds and Functions - On this occasion, Around Knowledge will discuss the meaning of the five senses. Which in this discussion explains the meaning of the five senses, types,…