Examples of Flat Shapes: Types, Characteristics and Formulas of Flat Shapes

Examples of Flat Shapes: Types, Characteristics and Formulas of Flat Shapes – What are the examples of flat shapes? On this occasion About the knowledge.co.id will discuss what Flat Building is and the things that surround it. Let's look at the discussion together in the article below to better understand it.

Examples of Flat Shapes: Types, Characteristics and Formulas of Flat Shapes

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Flat shape is a topic that studies two-dimensional objects or shapes. A two-dimensional shape is a figure that has a perimeter and area, but no volume. Flat wake is widely applied in everyday life.

Flat wake has been widely applied in everyday life. Some examples of its application are the shape of the tile that resembles a square shape and the sides of the table resemble a rectangle shape. Apart from that, when you fly a kite, the object of the kite resembles a kite shape, and there are many other applications of flat shapes.

We can see various kinds of flat wake examples in the image below:

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Flat Shape Properties and their Formulas

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Rectangle

A square is a 2-dimensional flat shape formed by 4 ribs with the same length and has 4 right angles. We can also call a square a flat shape that has sides that are the same length and angles that are the same size.

• Square Properties
• • All of its sides are the same length and all opposite sides are parallel.
  • Each of its angles is a right angle.
  • It has two diagonals that are the same length and intersect in the middle and form a right angle.
  • Each corner is divided equally by the diagonal.
  • Has four axes of symmetry.

• Square Formula.
  • The formula for the area of ​​a square, namely:
    • L = S x S
  • The formula for the perimeter of a square, namely:
    • K = S + S + S + S or K = 4 x S
  • Information:
    • L: Broad
      K: Circumference
      S: Sisi

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Rectangle

A rectangle is a 2-dimensional flat shape formed by 2 pairs of long, parallel ribs and has 4 right angles.

• Rectangle Properties
• • Each of the opposite sides has the same length and is also parallel.
  • All of its angles are right angles.
  • It has two diagonals that are the same length and intersect at the center point of the rectangle. That point is bisecting the diagonal with the same length.
  • It has two axes of symmetry, namely the vertical axis and also the horizontal axis.

• Rectangle Formula.
  • The formula for the area of ​​a rectangle, namely:
    • L = p x l
  • The formula for the perimeter of a rectangle, namely:
    • K = 2 x (p + l)
  • Information:
    • L: Broad
      K: Circumference
      p: long
      l: wide

• Problems example

A rectangular shape, having p = 10 cm and l = 5 cm, consists of EFGH:

Question:

a. Calculate the area of ​​the EFGH rectangle:
b. Find the perimeter of the EFGH rectangle!:

Answer:

a. The formula for the area of ​​a rectangle EFGH is L= p x l, so

L = 10 cm x 5 cm
L = 50 cm2.

So, the area of ​​the rectangle EFGH is 50 cm2.

b. The perimeter of rectangle EFGH is: 2 x (p + l), so

= 2 x (10 cm + 5 cm)
= 2 x 15 cm.
= 30 cm

So, the perimeter of the EFGH rectangle is 50 cm.

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Triangle

A triangle is a 2-dimensional flat shape formed by 3 sides that are straight lines and 3 angles. So that a flat shape formed from three or more straight lines is called a triangle.

• Triangle Plane Properties

In a triangular building, all three angles measure 180º. (if you add up the result is 180)
The nature of a triangle has 3 sides and 3 vertices.

Triangle Plane Formula

• • The formula for the area of ​​a triangle is:
    • Area = ½ x a x t
  • The formula for the perimeter of a triangle is:
    • Circumference = s + s + s or K = a + b + c

Problems example

A triangle has a size as shown in the image below:

examples of flat wakes

Question:

a. Calculate the area of ​​the triangle:
b. Calculate the perimeter of the triangle:

Answer:

a. The formula for the area of ​​a triangle is ½ x a x t, so
= ½ x 3 cm x 4 cm
= ½ x 12 cm2.
= 6 cm2

So, the calculation result of the area of ​​the triangle is 6 cm2.

b. The perimeter of the triangle is = s + s + s, so

= AC+AB+BC
= 3cm+4cm+5cm
= 12 cm.

So, the perimeter of the triangle is 12 cm.

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Parallelogram

The definition of a parallelogram itself is a 2-dimensional flat shape formed by 2 pieces pairs of ribs, each of which has the same length and is parallel to his partner.

Then a parallelogram has 2 pairs of right angles where each angle is equal to the angle in front of it.

• Characteristics of a parallelogram.
  • The properties of a parallelogram do not have fold symmetry.
  • A parallelogram has a second degree of rotational symmetry.
  • The opposite angles of a parallelogram have the same measure.
  • A parallelogram has 4 sides and 4 angles.
  • Its diagonals have unequal lengths.
  • A parallelogram has 2 pairs of parallel sides and the same length.
  • A parallelogram has 2 obtuse angles and 2 acute angles.

• The formula is in a parallelogram flat shape
• • Formula name.
    • • Circumference (Kll) Kll = 2 × (a + b)
      • Area (L) L = a × t
      • Side of Base (a) a = (Kll ÷ 2) – b
      • Hypotenuse (b) a = (Kll ÷ 2) – a
      • t is known L t = L ÷ a
      • a is known to be L a = L ÷ t
• Problems example

Look at the parallelogram ABCD below!

square flat

Length BC = DA = 8 cm.

Question:

a. Calculate the area of ​​the parallelogram ABCD, which is:
b. Calculate the perimeter of the parallelogram ABCD, which is:

Answer:

a. The area of ​​the parallelogram ABCD is = a x t, so that

= 8 cm x 7 cm
= 56 cm2

So, the area of ​​the parallelogram ABCD is 56 cm2.

b. The perimeter of the parallelogram ABCD is s + s + s + s, then:

K = AB + BC + CD + DA, namely:
K = 8cm + 8cm + 8cm + 8cm
= 32 cm.

So, the perimeter of the parallelogram ABCD is 32 cm.

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Trapezoid

The definition of a trapezoid itself is a 2-dimensional flat shape formed from 4 ribs, 2 of which are parallel to each other but the length is not the same.

But there are also trapezoids whose third edge is perpendicular to the parallel ribs, which is commonly known as the right-angled trapezoid.

• Trapezoid Flat Shape Properties:
  • A trapezoid is a flat shape with 4 sides (quadrilateral).
  • It has 2 parallel sides that are not the same length.
  • Has 4 corner points.
  • At a minimum, the trapezoid has 1 obtuse angle
  • The trapezoid has 1 rotational symmetry.

• The formulas in the Trapezoid Flat Shape
• • Formula name.
    • Area (L) formula for the area of ​​a trapezoid
    • Circumference (Kll) Kll = AB + BC + CD + DA
    • Height (t) formula for the height of a trapezoid
    • Side a (CD) trapezoidal side formula or CD = Kll – AB – BC – AD
    • Side b (AB) trapezoid formula or AB = Kll – CD – BC – AD
    • Side AD AD = Kll – CD – BC – AB
    • Side BC BC = Kll – CD – AD – AB

• Problems example:

Look at the EFGH trapezoidal shape below!

flat wake

The length of EH = FG is 8 cm.

Question:

a. Find the area of ​​the trapezoid EFGH:
b. Find the perimeter of the EFGH trapezoid:

Answer:

a. The area of ​​the EFGH trapezoid is: ½ x (a + b) x t then,

= ½ x (16cm + 6 cm) x 7 cm
= ½ x 22 cm x 7 cm
= 11cm x 7cm
= 77 cm2

So, the area of ​​the EFGH trapezoid above is 77 cm2.

b. The perimeter of the EFGH trapezoid has the formula: s + s + s + s, then:

K = EF + FG + GH + HE
K = 16cm + 8cm + 6cm + 8cm
= 38 cm.

So, the perimeter of the EFGH trapezoid above is 38 cm.

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Kite

The definition of a kite itself is a 2-dimensional flat shape formed by 2 triangles isosceles and rectangular in shape which has a base that coincides and is shaped like a kite – kite.

• Nature of Flat Kites:
  • Kite is a flat shape with 4 sides (quadrilateral).
  • Has 2 pairs of sides that form different angles.
  • Pair 1 is sides a and b, forming angle ∠ABC.
  • The 2 pairs are sides c and d, forming the angle ∠ADC.
  • It has a pair of opposite angles that are the same measure.
  • The angles ∠BAD and ∠BCD are opposite each other and have the same measure.
  • It has 2 diagonals with different lengths.
  • The diagonals of a kite are perpendicular (90º).
  • The longest diagonal is the axis of symmetry of the kite.
  • Kites only have 1 axis of symmetry.

• The formulas in the Kite Flat Shape.
  • Formula name.
    • Area (L) L = ½ × d1 × d2
    • Circumference (Kll) Kll = a + b + c + d
    • Kll = 2 × (a + c)
    • Diagonal 1 (d1) d1 = 2 × L ÷ d2
    • Diagonal 2 (d2) d2 = 2 × L ÷ d1
    • a or b a = (½ × Kll) – c
    • c or d c = (½ × Kll) – a

• Problems example

Look at the ABCD kite below!

flat features

Is known;

BC length = CD length
AB length = AD length

Question:

a. Calculate the area of ​​kite ABCD!
b. Find the perimeter of the ABCD kite!

Answer:
a. The area of ​​the ABCD kite is = ½ x d1 x d2, so

= ½ x AC x BD
= ½ x 30 cm x 15 cm
= 225 cm2

So, the area of ​​the ABCD kite is 225 cm2.

b. The perimeter of the ABCD kite is: 2 x (x + y), so

= 2 x (AB + BC)
= 2 x (12 cm + 22 cm)
= 2 x 34 cm
= 68 cm

So, the perimeter of kite ABCD is 68 cm.

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Cut the rice cake

A rhombus is a 2-dimensional flat shape formed by 4 sides of the same size long and has 2 pairs of non-right angles with opposite angles having a magnitude The same. In English, a rhombus is called a rhombus.

• Rhombus Flat Shape Properties:
  • The four sides are the same length.
  • It has 2 diagonals that are perpendicular to each other.
  • Diagonal 1 (d1) and diagonal 2 (d2) in the rhombus perpendicular to each other form a right angle (90°).
  • Angles opposite each other have the same measure.
  • In a rhombus the opposite angles have the same measure. The illustration above shows large
  • angles ∠ABC = ∠ADC and ∠BAD = ∠BCD.
  • The size of the four corner points is 360º.
  • It has 2 axes of symmetry which are the diagonals.
  • Rhombus has Rotate Symmetry degree 2.
  • It has 4 sides and 4 vertices.
  • The four sides of a rhombus are the same length.

• The formula in the Rhombus Flat Shape.
  • Formula Name:
    • Circumference (Kll) Kll = s + s + s + s
    • Kll = s × 4
    • Area (L) L = ½ × d1 × d2
    • Side (s) s = Kll ÷ 4
    • Diagonal 1 (d1) d1 = 2 × L ÷ d2
    • Diagonal 2 (d2) d2 = 2 × L ÷ d1

• Problems example:

Watch the rhombus below!

flat wake formula and build space along with pictures

AC length is 12 cm
BD length is 16 cm

The question is:

a. Find the area of ​​the rhombus ABCD!
b. Determine the perimeter of the rhombus ABCD!

Answer:

a. The area of ​​the rhombus ABCD is = ½ x d1 x d2, so
= ½ x AC x BD
= ½ x 12 cm x 16 cm
= 96 cm2

So, the area of ​​rhombus ABCD is 96 cm2.

b. The perimeter of ABCD's rhombus is: s + s + s + s, so
= AB + BC + CD + DA
= 4 x s
= 4 x 10 cm
= 40 cm

So, the perimeter of ABCD is 40 cm.

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Circle

A circle is a two-dimensional plane shape formed by the set of all points that are the same distance from a fixed point.

• Circle Plane Properties.
  • Has infinite rotational symmetry.
  • It has fold symmetry as well as an infinite axis.
  • Has no corner points.
  • Has one side.

• Circle Formula.
  • Formula name.
    • Diameter (d) d = 2 × r
    • Radius (r) r = d ÷ 2
    • Area (L) L = π x r x r
      or
      L = π x r2
    • Circumference (Kll) Kll = π x d
    • Find r r = kll/ 2π
      r = √L/ √π

• Problems example

If a circle has a diameter of 14 cm. What is the area of ​​the circle?

Answer:

Is known:

d = 14 cm

Because d = 2 × r then:
r = d/2
r = 14/2
r = 7 cm

Asked:

Circle area?

Completion:

Area = π × r²
Area = 22/7 × 7²
Area = 154 cm²

So, the area of ​​the circle is 154 cm².

Looking Around

Find the circumference of a circle that has a radius of 20 cm.

Answer

Is known:

r = 20 cm
π = 3,14

Asked:

Circumference?

Answer:

Circumference = 2 × π × r
Circumference = 2 × 3.14 × 20
Circumference = 125.6 cm

So, the circumference of the circle is 125.6 cm.

Looking for Diameters

A circle has a circumference of 66 cm. Determine what is the diameter of the circle!

Answer

Is known:

Circumference = 66 cm

Asked:

circle diameter?

Answer:

Circumference = π × d

In finding the diameter, we will use the formula for finding the diameter, namely:

The formula for finding the diameter is d = circumference / π

d = 66 / (22/7)
d = (66 × 7) / 22
d = 21 cm

So, the diameter of the circle is 21 cm.

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