10 Definition of Social Institutions and Their Nature (Discuss Completely)
10 Definition of Social Institutions and Their Nature (Discuss Completely) - The social institution comes from the term in English, namely the social institution. Sociologists in Indonesia translate it in different terms. Here will be discussed in full from several experts as well as explaining the social institution itself.
10 Definition of Social Institutions and Their Nature (Discuss Completely)
Social institutions are a container of a set of norms and rules that regulate their supporters in order to realize the special needs of society. In order to function from a set of norms and behavioral ideas, every social institution has several associations or organizations. Here's an explanation.
Definition of Social Institutions According to Experts
The following is a definition of social institutions in the opinion of experts.
1. Robert MacIver and CH. page
They argue that social institutions are the conditions and forms of established procedures, which are characteristic of group activity. The group that is running these standards is also called an association.
2. Alvin L. Bertrand
Here he argues that social institutions are essentially a set of norms social structures (social structures) that have been created in order to carry out the functions of public. These institutions consist of a set of norms and are not norms that stand by themselves.
3. Summer
In the opinion of Summer, social institutions can be seen from a cultural point of view, which means that as ideals, actions, attitudes and equipment in culture, which are eternal and have a purpose to meet all the needs that exist in public. The most important thing is that there is order and integration in society.
4. Roucek and Warren
They explain that social institutions are various patterns that already have a definite or fixed position in order to unite various human needs that arise from their existence habits by obtaining approval in ways that are no longer practiced, in order to fulfill the concept of social welfare and produce a structure.
5. Major Polak
Here Major Polak explains that a social institution is a complex or system of various rules and customs that maintain important values.
6. Leopold von Wilsen and Becker
Leopold and Becker, they explained that the notion of a social institution is as a network for the processes of relations between social groups as well as between humans who function in maintaining these relationships and also patterns that are in accordance with human interests and interests for their groups.
7. Fitcher
Here Fitcher explains that a social institution is a system of social relations contains certain values and procedures in a business that fulfills basic needs public.
8. Selo Soemardjan and Soelaeman Soemardi
Here Selo Soemardjan and Soelaeman Soemardi they state all the norms from all levels ranging in a basic need that exists in people's lives, namely a group named with an institution social.
9. Soerjono Soekanto
Here he argues that social institutions are a set of norms of all actions that revolve around a basic need that exists in people's lives.
10. Koentjaraningrat
Here Koentjaraningrat explains about social institutions, namely as a system of behavior towards relationships between centered on activities to meet the complexes of the special needs that exist in life public.
Functions of Social Institutions
The following is a function of social institutions which we can differentiate into two forms, namely manifest functions and latent functions, the following is an explanation.
1. Manifest Function (real)
The Manifest function is one of the functions of social institutions that is realized and which is the hope for many people.
For example :
Family Institution, has a function as a place of socialization and internalization of the values and norms that apply to social life.
Economic Institution, its function is to regulate the production system, as well as the distribution and consumption of goods needed by members of the community.
2. latent function
The latent function itself is one of the functions of social institutions that is not realized and this is not a main goal for many people. It can also be said that a latent function is an invisible function that exists on the surface and is not to be expected by society, but this function exists.
Example :
In the family institution, marriage is a means of covering the shame of the notion that people who are not married are considered as unscrupulous people.
In political institutions, elections are a means of obtaining power simply because with the power of this power a person can accumulate as much wealth as possible.
The characteristics of social institutions
- Social institutions generally have a certain eternity that lasts a long time. This happens because there is an assumption that this social institution contains a set of norms that must be maintained. For example, like life and relationships in the family
- Social institutions themselves have one or more specific goals, for example, in institutions Education aims to be able to transfer values, norms, and knowledge to generations next.
- Social Institutions themselves have a number of tools in order to achieve their predetermined goals, for example such as flags and symbols in political institutions, money which is used as a medium of exchange in economic institutions, and so on etc
Types of Social Institutions
The following are some types of social institutions including:
1. Educational / Educational Institutions
Examples of Formal Education Institutions
- Kindergarten (TK)
- Raudatul Atfal (RA)
- Elementary School (SD)
- Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI)
- Junior High School (SMP)
- Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs)
- Senior High School (SMA)
- Madrasah Aliyah (MA)
- SMK Vocational High School)
- Vocational Aliyah Madrasah (MAK)
2. Economic Institute
Examples of Economic Institutions
- Coordinating Ministry for the Economy
- Ministry of Finance
- Ministry of Industry
- Ministry of Trade
3. Cultural Institute
Examples of Cultural Institutions
- Indonesian Muslim Cultural Artists Institute
- Coal Art Care Institute
- Betawi Cultural Institute
4. Religion institution
Examples of Religious Institutions
- Islam: Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI)
- Christian: The Communion of Indonesian Churches (PGI)
- Catholicism: Indonesian Bishops' Conference (KWI)
- Hindu: Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia (PHDI)
- Buddha: Representative of Indonesian Buddhists (Walubi)
- Confucianism: Indonesian Confucian High Council of Religion (Matakin)
5. Political Institution
Examples of Political Institutions
- People's Consultative Assembly (MPR)
- President and Vice President
- House of Representatives (DPR)
- Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD)
6. Family Institution
Example of Family Institution
- Office of Religious Affairs (KUA)
- religious courts
- Child Protection Agency (LPA)
- Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI)
7. Health Institute
Examples of Health Institutions
- Public health center
- red Cross
- general Hospital
8. Legal Institution
Examples of Legal Institutions
- Constitutional Court
- Supreme Court
- judicial commission
Thus our explanation this time regarding 10 Definition of Social Institutions and Their Nature (Discuss Completely), may be useful for readers. Thank You.
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