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Passive Sentences: Definition of Active Sentences, Characteristics, Types and Examples

 Passive Sentences: Definition of Active Sentences, Characteristics, Types and Examples – In this discussion we will explain about active and passive sentences. Which includes the meaning of active sentences, the meaning of passive sentences, their characteristics, types and examples with complete and easy-to-understand discussion.

 Passive Sentences: Definition of Active Sentences, Characteristics, Types and Examples

For more details, please see the review below carefully.

Definition of Active Sentences and Passive Sentences

Active voice is a sentence in which the subject actively does something in the form of a predicate to the object. Then, passive sentences are sentences in which the subject is given an action in the form of a predicate by the object.

So that between active sentences and passive sentences are contradictory, but in general active sentences can be ascertained and vice versa, passive sentences can be activated.

Characteristics of Active Sentences

The characteristics of active sentences and examples include the following:

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  • The subject in active voice is the doer of an action. For example, Doni buys a cake (Doni= Subject, buy= action); Abi takes pants (Abi= Subject, takes= Action); Mother sells food (Mother = Subject, selling = Action).
  • Often the predicate in the active sentence has the affix Me- or Ber-. For example, Mother is boiling water; Dina plays robot.
  • The Subject-Predicate-Description-Description (SPOK or SPO) sentence pattern or there are also sentences that do not require an object with the Subject-Predicate-Description (SPK) pattern.
    For example: Nina reads a book in the library. (Nina= Subject, Reading= Predicate, Book= Object). Mother reads a magazine on the terrace. (Mother=Subject, Reading=Predicate, Magazine=Object, on the Terrace= Description) Nina is cooking in the kitchen. (Nina=Subject, Cooking=Predicate, in the kitchen=Description).

Characteristics of Passive Sentences

Below are the characteristics of passive sentences, including:

  • The object in the passive sentence is the subject in the active sentence. Example: Bicycle played by Andi; The glass is taken doni.
  • Often the predicate elements in passive sentences have the affixes di-, ter-, di-kan, or ter-kan. For example: Books read by Tono; Cake bought by mama; The flowers are watered by Sari.
  • It is usually marked with the word "by", but if the word is omitted, there will be no change in the meaning of the passive voice. For example: Water is shed by the Goddess; Nadia took the broom; Riko carries her cellphone.

Types of Active Sentences

Following are the types of active sentences.

Transitive Active Sentences

Transitive active sentences are active sentences that require the object in the sentence to form a pattern S-P-O (Subject – Predicate – Object) or S-P-O-K/Pel (Subject – Predicate – Object – Description or complementary).

Examples of transitive active sentences include: Mother throws trash in the bin, Ani listens to music, Father watches television in the living room.

There are two types of transitive active sentences, namely transitive active sentences and double-transitive active sentences.

Ekatransitive Active Sentences

Ecatransitive active sentences are active sentences that are complete with objects but do not have complements or information. So that it can be called an e-transitive sentence, namely a group of transitive sentences that are not complete or adverb. The ecatransitive active sentence pattern is S-P-O. The following are some examples of exatransitive active sentences:

  • Nadin swept the yard
  • Mother washes clothes
  • Mother is cooking water

Dwitransitive Active Sentences

Dwitransitive active sentences are active sentences that are complete with objects and also complements or adverbs. So that it can be said that a dwitransitive sentence is a group of transitive sentences that have objects and complements at the same time. Below are some examples of dwitransitive active sentences, including:

  • Cici tidy up the book well
  • Mother cooks rice in the kitchen
  • Andi plays ping pong in the field

Intransitive Active Sentences

Intransitive active sentence is a type of active sentence that is complete with the object of the sentence, but is accompanied by an adverb or complement. Intransitive active sentences have a S-P-K/Pel pattern (Subject-Predicate-Description or Complementary). Below are some examples of intransitive active sentences, including:

  • Lala plays all day long
  • Dini contemplates in her room
  • Mother cooks in the kitchen

Classification of Types of Passive Sentences

Various types of passive sentences are categorized according to the object and according to the predicate.

Types of Passive Sentences According to the Object

Transitive Passive Sentences

Transitive passive sentences are passive sentences that are complete with the object of the sentence, whether the object is complete with information or complements or not. Below are some examples of transitive passive sentences, namely:

  • Mother cooked water
  • Sofi eats fruit
  • Dad's bike was repaired this afternoon

Intransitive Passive Sentences

Intransitive passive sentences are passive sentences that are incomplete with objects, only accompanied by information or complements. Below are some examples of intransitive passive sentences.

  • The book was exposed to water last night
  • The tadpoles are kept in the pond

Definition of Active Sentences, Passive Sentences, Characteristics, Types, Examples

Types of Passive Sentences According to the Predicate

Action Passive Sentences

Passive action sentences are passive sentences whose predicate is in the form of action. Often the predicate is added with the affix di or di-kan. Below are some examples of passive action sentences.

  • Brother turned on the light
  • The pen was bought by mother

Passive Sentences of Conditions

Conditional passive sentences are passive sentences whose predicate is in the form of circumstances. Often the predicate of the passive sentence has the affix affix. Below are some examples of state passive sentences.

  • The house caught fire last night
  • The cat is cold when exposed to water

Thus has been explained about Passive Sentences: Definition of Active Sentences, Characteristics, Types and Examples, hopefully can add to your insight and knowledge. Thank you for visiting and don't forget to read other articles.

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