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√ Definition of Modernization, Terms, Characteristics, Aspects and Examples

Definition of Modernization, Terms, Characteristics, Aspects and Examples - On this occasion About Knowledge will discuss about Modernization. Which in this discussion explains the meaning of modernization, terms, characteristics, aspects, impacts and examples briefly and clearly. For more details, see the following article.

Definition of Modernization, Terms, Characteristics, Aspects and Examples

Modernization is a process of changing circumstances from traditional ways to newer ways in the hope of increasing people's lives. Modernization can also be called a form of directed and planned social change.

Definition of Modernization

Modernization in the social sciences can be defined as a form of change (transformation) from a less advanced state or less develop into a better state with the hope that a more prosperous, affluent, and also social life will be achieved dignified.

Modernization is also often expressed as the development of technology or knowledge that continues to grow. The influence of technological change can also increasingly be felt by residents, both in urban and rural areas.

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Modernization According to Experts

In order to better understand modernization, here are some definitions of modernization according to experts, including:

Widjojo Nitisastro

According to Widjojo Nitisastro, Modernization is a process of total transformation and traditional or pre-modern coexistence in the sense or context of technology and organization.

Soerjono Soekanto

According to Soerjono Soekanto, the notion of modernization is a form of social change carried out in a directed manner based on a plan which is usually called social planning.

Wilbert E Moore

According to Wilbert E Moore, modernization can be expressed as a total transformation of life together the traditional in the direction of the more economic and strategic patterns that characterize the stable western nation.

Modernization Terms

Modernization in essence covers a very large number of fields. The conditions for a modernization include the following:

  • The scientific way of thinking that is institutionalized within the ruling class or society.
  • A good state administration system, which really embodies a good bureaucracy, is far from KKN, and also high morale.
  • The existence of a good and regular data collection system is also centralized in a particular institution or agency. For example, BPS (Central Statistics Agency) is the source of data for the government.
  • Creation of a favorable (conducive) climate in society towards modernization, namely by means of the use of mass communication tools.
  • Discipline is high, but does not violate the Human Rights (HAM) of citizens.
  • Centralization of authority in an implementation of social planning (social planning)

Modernization does not occur directly in people's lives where a situation is considered modernization if it fulfills the following conditions:

  • High level of organization, especially self-discipline
  • Centralization of authority in the implementation of social planning
  • A good administrative system can realize qualified bureaucratic reforms
  • There is a regular data collection system
  • The scientific way of thinking is institutionalized into the lives of rulers and society
  • Creation of a climate that can please society towards modernization by means of the use of mass communication tools.

To be able to understand that modernization is a different form from westernization. If modernization is a change of circumstances to a better way, then westernization is a process of imitation a better life that is imitated based on western culture which is considered better than culture own area.

However, in its development, modernization cannot be separated from the process of westernization. This is due to the development of modern society which generally occurs in the life of western society.

Features of Modernization

The characteristics of this modernization are divided into 2 groups, including:

Social Demographic Aspect

The social demographic aspect is also called the aspect of social mobility which is a process of changing the social, economic and psychological elements of society which shows the opportunity to change towards a more modern one such as for example urbanization, mechanization, as well as an increase in per income capita.

Aspects of Social Organizational Structure

Aspects of organizational structure are elements and social norms that are realized when humans enter into relationships with each other in life in society, besides that, it can relate to social institutions, social norms, social layers, power, and authority as well as interactions social.

Definition of Modernization Terms of Aspect Characteristics and Examples

Impact of Modernization

Below are the positive and negative impacts of modernization, including the following:

Positive impact

  • Changes in values ​​and attitudes, these changes occur in society as evidenced by the pattern of thinking that changes from irrational to rational.
  • The development of science and technology, with the development of this, makes it easier for people to do activities and encourages them to think forward.
  • The development of science is also increasingly shaping the process of modernization.
  • A better level of life, the use of developing knowledge technology can improve the function of people's lives and livelihoods to become much better from time to time.

Negative impact

  • Social inequality, this can be seen by the phenomenon of the emergence of social groups such as hawkers, unemployed, street vendors, and so on. In addition, modernization also further strengthens the gap between those who are educated and those who are not, and modernization can cause changes in social order in society.
  • Economic disparity, can be seen from the gap between the rich and the poor, the emergence of a consumer culture, the emergence of a demonstration effect culture (like showing off), and so on
  • Pollution of the natural environment, with the construction of industrial factories, is unavoidable again environmental pollution around the factory environment which is the result of processing of goods industry.
  • The emergence of crime, due to the desire of everyone to surpass others, which is done in various ways, including criminal methods.

Example of Modernization

Below is an example of modernization, namely as follows:

Communication Field

With the emergence of modernization, the communication of each individual is even faster. No more painstaking and interruption or obstruction in long-distance communication. Because of technology, it is also easier for us to access or find information from other parts of the world very quickly.

However, behind the progress of communication and technology, in fact it also makes it rare for each individual to communicate directly, namely face to face. This certainly worsens the quality of social interaction in society.

Field of work

In pre-industrial times, society always did everything in traditional ways, be it with human power alone or with the help of animal forces as well as other living creatures available on earth. However, because of this modernization, various kinds of machines that were created by humans appeared and were born for humans makes his work easier, so that he is able to create things efficiently without spending a lot time.

Field of education

With the emergence of modernization, people used to study all science by using books (reading, writing) which led to the use of a lot of paper and easily damaged and wasted, but because of this modernization it is now easier to access books in electronic form, so they can be carried anywhere and difficult to damaged.

Thus the explanation about Definition of Modernization, Terms, Characteristics, Aspects and Examples. Hopefully it can be useful and add to your insight. Thank You.

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